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词条 Disappeared (Northern Ireland)
释义

  1. Background

  2. History

     1970s  1980s  2000s 

  3. List of Disappeared

     Disappearances since 1999 

  4. References

  5. External links

{{EngvarB|date=April 2014}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2014}}

The Disappeared are people believed to have been abducted, murdered and secretly buried in Northern Ireland,[1] the majority of which occurred during the Troubles. The Independent Commission for the Location of Victims' Remains (ICLVR) is in charge of locating the remaining bodies,[2] and was led by forensic archaeologist John McIlwaine.[3]

Background

{{expand section|date=April 2014}}

Of the sixteen people investigated by the ICLVR, all were Catholics (Jean McConville was a convert), all except McConville were male, and all are believed to have been abducted and killed by Irish Republicans.[4][5][6]

The Provisional IRA admitted to being involved in the forced disappearance of nine of the sixteen – Eamon Molloy, Seamus Wright, Kevin McKee, Jean McConville, Columba McVeigh, Brendan Megraw, John McClory, Brian McKinney, and Danny McIlhone. British Army officer Robert Nairac, who disappeared from South Armagh, was a Mauritius-born Roman Catholic.[7][8] The organisation said they could only accurately locate the body of one of their victims, but gave rough ideas for the remaining eight.[9][10] {{as of|2017|September}}, the remains of three of the victims have still not been found.

History

{{expand section|date=April 2014}}

1970s

Joseph Lynskey (40), a veteran Irish Republican paramilitary and Provisional Irish Republican Army member from Cavendish Street in Belfast, disappeared during a violent internal PIRA feud in the city in August 1972. In 2009 Dolours Price, a former PIRA member, stated in an interview with a newspaper that she had driven him in a car out of Northern Ireland to a PIRA "safe house" in County Monaghan in the Republic of Ireland shortly before his disappearance. In January 2010 the PIRA issued a statement that Lynskey had been killed by it as a part of an internal disciplinary process, and his body had subsequently been buried in an unmarked grave. In December 2014 a specialist team from the Garda Siochana was reported to be carrying out a search of an area of Coghalstown Bog in County Meath for Lynskey's body.[11]

Jean McConville, a widowed mother of 10, disappeared in December 1972. Her body was found on a beach in County Louth in 2003; in October 2014 a man was arrested in connection with her murder,[12] and two further men were arrested in December 2014.[13]

Peter Wilson, 21, a native of West Belfast, with five siblings, was described as "a vulnerable man with learning difficulties".[14] He was abducted by the IRA in the summer of 1973, somewhere in the St James area of Belfast, killed and secretly buried at Waterfoot, County Antrim.[15]

Columba McVeigh, a 17-year-old from Donaghmore, County Tyrone, disappeared in 1975. The IRA allege he had confessed to being a British Army agent, instructed to infiltrate the IRA.[16]

Brendan Megraw disappeared in 1978. In August 2014 a bog in County Meath was searched for his body,[17] with human remains discovered in September.[18]

Gerard Evans, 24, was a man from Crossmaglen who disappeared while hitchhiking in County Monaghan in March 1979.[19] In March 2008 a map was given to Evans' aunt. In 2008, the Independent Commission for the Location of Victims' Remains appealed for more information regarding his disappearance.[20] Remains were found in County Louth in October 2010,[21] which were later confirmed as being Evans' in November 2010.[22] An alleged member of the Provisional IRA South Armagh Brigade told the Sunday Tribune that Evans was executed for being an informer.[23]

1980s

Charles Armstrong was a 54-year-old father-of-five who went missing in Crossmaglen while walking to mass in 1981; his car was later found in Dundalk.[19] The IRA denied any involvement in his disappearance at the time. Armstrong's family began a fresh, private search for his remains in October 2003.[24] They were located in County Monaghan, Ireland in July 2010.[25] No reason has ever been publicly proferred for Armstrong's abduction and murder.

2000s

In September 2015 the bodies of Seamus Wright and Kevin McKee were found in a bog in Coghalstown, County Meath.[26]

In May 2017 a body was found in a forest in northern France identified as that of Seamus Ruddy.[27]

There were two further disappearances in the 2000s. Gareth O'Connor, believed to have been a member of the Real IRA, disappeared while driving from Armagh to Dundalk in 2003. His body was discovered in Newry in 2005.[28][29] In March 2005, Lisa Dorrian disappeared after attending a party at a caravan park in Ballyhalbert. She is believed to have been taken by loyalists.[28][30][31]

List of Disappeared

NameLocation[32]AgeYear of disappearanceYear of body being foundSuspectsReference(s)
Armstrong|Charles Armstrong}}Crossmaglen5419812010Republicans[33]
Evans|Gerard Evans}}County Monaghan, Ireland2419792010Republicans[33]
Lynskey|Joe Lynskey}}Belfast401972Still missingRepublicans[19][34][35][36]
McClory|John McClory}}Belfast1719781999Republicans[19][37]
McConville|Jean McConville}}Belfast3819722003Republicans[19][38]
McIlhone|Danny McIlhone}}Belfast 2119812008Republicans[19][39][40]
McKee|Kevin McKee}}South Armagh 1719722015Republicans[19][41][42]
McKinney|Brian McKinney}}Belfast2219781999Republicans[19][43]
McVeigh|Columba McVeigh}}Dublin, Ireland171975Still missingRepublicans[19][44][45]
Megraw|Brendan Megraw}}Belfast2419782014Republicans[18][19]
Molloy|Eamon Molloy}}Belfast2219751999Republicans[19][46][47]
Nairac|Robert Nairac}}Dromintee, South Armagh281977Still missingRepublicans[19][48][49]
Ruddy|Seamus Ruddy}}Paris, France3219852017Republicans[19][50][51]
Simons|Eugene Simons}}Castlewellan, County Down2619811984Republicans[19]
Wilson|Peter Wilson}}Belfast2119732010Republicans[19][52][53][54]
Wright|Seamus Wright}}South Armagh2519722015Republicans[19][41]

Disappearances since 1999

NameLocationAgeYear of disappearanceYear of body being foundSuspectsReference(s)
{{sortLisa Dorrian}Ballyhalbert252005Still missingLoyalists[28]
O'Connor|Gareth O'Connor}}Newtownhamilton2420032005Republicans[29]
1. ^{{cite web|url=http://thedisappearedni.co.uk/|title=About the Disappeared |accessdate=6 June 2018 |publisher=The Disappeared of Northern Ireland}}
2. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/358523.stm|title=Never lose heart, 'disappeared' families told|date=4 June 1999|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-29245789|title=The Disappeared: Archaeologist John McIlwaine dies|date=17 September 2014|accessdate=18 September 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
4. ^Northern Ireland Disappeared, reuters.com; accessed 7 September 2015.
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.iclvr.ie/en/ICLVR/Pages/TheDisappeared|title=The Disappeared|accessdate=3 May 2014|publisher=Independent Commission for the Location of Victims' Remains}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-24818800|title=Disappeared issue 'a festering wound' says McGuinness|date=5 November 2013|accessdate=10 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
7. ^Robert Nairac profile, bbc.co.uk; accessed 7 September 2015.
8. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/355300.stm|title=Profiles of the 'disappeared'|date=28 May 1999|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
9. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/362314.stm|title='Disappeared' return to haunt Ireland's conscience|date=7 June 1999|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
10. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/358265.stm|title=IRA: No more clues on 'disappeared'|date=1 June 1999|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
11. ^'Disappeared IRA victim & Provo love triangle', 'Independent.ie', 7 December 2014. https://www.independent.ie./irish-news/news/disappeared-ira-victim-and-provo-love-triangle-30804919.html
12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-29829153|title=Jean McConville murder: 73-year-old man arrested in Dunmurry|date=30 October 2014|accessdate=4 November 2016|publisher=BBC News}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-30573255|title=Jean McConville murder: Two men arrested over 'Disappeared' death|date=22 December 2014|accessdate=22 December 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/local-national/northern-ireland/peter-wilson-disappeared-by-the-ira-found-at-the-beach-his-family-treasured-14994067.html|title=Peter Wilson: 'Disappeared' by the IRA, found at the beach his family treasured|publisher=BelfastTelegraph.co.uk|date=3 November 2010|accessdate=18 June 2013}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/sutton/alpha/W.html|title=CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths|publisher=Cain.ulst.ac.uk|accessdate=18 June 2013}}
16. ^[https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2002/sep/30/northernireland.northernireland1 "Adams 'at heart' of IRA's most shameful killing campaign"], The Guardian, 30 September 2002.
17. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-28886660|title=Remains The Disappeared: Meath bog to be searched for Brendan Megraw|date=22 August 2014|accessdate=22 August 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
18. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-29444256|title=The Disappeared: Human remains found in search for Brendan Megraw|date=1 October 2014|accessdate=1 October 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
19. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 {{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-10814888|title=Who were the 'Disappeared'?|date=4 November 2013|accessdate=18 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
20. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/7645322.stm|title=Appeal from Disappeared searchers|date=1 October 2008|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-11574447|title=Family of "Disappeared" Gerry Evans hope for closure|date=19 October 2010|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-11866971|title=Remains were 'Disappeared' Crossmaglen man Gerry Evans|date=29 November 2010|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
23. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.tribune.ie/article/2010/oct/17/masked-ira-mans-map-leads-to-body-in-louth|title=Masked IRA man's map leads to body in Louth|author=Suzanne Breen|newspaper=Sunday Tribune|date=17 October 2010|accessdate=18 October 2010}}
24. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/3204785.stm|title=Fresh 'Disappeared' search|date=22 October 2003|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-10813672|title=Widow's relief as remains found in 'Disappeared' search|date=31 July 2010|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
26. ^[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-34183733 Wright and McKee bodies located], bbc.co.uk; accessed 10 September 2015.
27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/body-of-disappeared-victim-seamus-ruddy-found-in-france-35701095.html|title=Seamus Ruddy: Human remains found in search of French forest|website=belfasttelegraph.co.uk|accessdate=10 May 2017}}
28. ^1 2 Draft List of Deaths Related to the Conflict from 2002, cain.ulst.ac.uk; accessed 7 September 2015.
29. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://thedisappearedni.co.uk/gareth-oconnor/|title=Gareth O'Connor|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131122101028/http://thedisappearedni.co.uk:80/gareth-oconnor/ |archive-date=22 November 2013 |accessdate=3 May 2014|publisher=The Disappeared of Northern Ireland}}
30. ^{{cite web|url=http://thedisappearedni.co.uk:80/lisa-dorrian/ |title=Lisa Dorrian |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131122095358/http://thedisappearedni.co.uk:80/lisa-dorrian/ |archive-date=22 November 2013 |accessdate=3 May 2014 |publisher=The Disappeared of Northern Ireland |deadurl=yes |df= }}
31. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/jul/31/northernireland.ukcrime|title=Looking for Lisa|date=31 July 2005|accessdate=25 April 2014|author=Henry McDonald|publisher=The Observer}}
32. ^Location of disappearance; in Northern Ireland unless otherwise stated
33. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/special-reports/2015/0302/683993-disappeared-troubles-search/|title=RTÉ Special report|accessdate=3 March 2015|publisher=RTÉ News}}
34. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/foyle_and_west/8524229.stm|title=Commission to investigate Joe Lynskey death|date=19 February 2010|accessdate=18 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/local-national/forty-years-later-ira-finally-admits-to-mans-execution-28516691.html|title=Forty years later, IRA finally admits to man's 'execution'|date=9 February 2010|accessdate=1 October 2014|publisher=Belfast Telegraph}}
36. ^{{cite web|url=http://thepensivequill.am/2010/02/buried-secrets.html|title=Buried Secrets|date=19 February 2010|accessdate=1 October 2014|publisher=The Pensive Quill}}
37. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/381472.stm|title=Body finds encourage searchers|date=30 June 2009|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
38. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-24801620|title=Jean McConville's daughter recalls mother's abduction by IRA|date=4 November 2013|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
39. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/7791472.stm|title=Family of IRA victim 'at peace'|date=19 December 2008|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
40. ^{{cite news |title=Missing man shot dead after struggle with IRA abductors |url=http://www.irishtimes.com/news/missing-man-shot-dead-after-struggle-with-ira-abductors-1.757693 |accessdate=16 June 2018 |work=The Irish Times |archiveurl=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/missing-man-shot-dead-after-struggle-with-ira-abductors-1.757693 |archivedate=6 October 2009}}
41. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2002/sep/30/northernireland.northernireland1|title=Adams 'at heart' of IRA's most shameful killing campaign|date=30 September 2002|accessdate=3 May 2014|author=Rosie Cowan|publisher=The Guardian}}
42. ^{{cite web |last1=McNamee |first1=Michael Sheils |title=After "43 years of pain" IRA victim Kevin McKee is laid to rest |url=http://www.thejournal.ie/kevin-mckee-ira-diappeared-bog-land-meath-2328945-Sep2015/ |website=TheJournal.ie |accessdate=16 June 2018 |archiveurl=https://www.thejournal.ie/kevin-mckee-ira-diappeared-bog-land-meath-2328945-Sep2015/ |archivedate=14 September 2015 |language=en}}
43. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/2134060.stm|title='My tears for Brian'|date=17 July 2002|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
44. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-23416028|title=Columba McVeigh: Brother calls for more information from IRA|date=23 July 2013|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
45. ^{{cite web|url=http://thedisappearedni.co.uk/columba-mcveigh/ |title=Columba McVeigh |accessdate=3 May 2014 |publisher=The Disappeared of Northern Ireland |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131122080400/http://thedisappearedni.co.uk/columba-mcveigh/ |archivedate=22 November 2013 |df= }}
46. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/397097.stm|title='Disappeared' victim identified|date=20 July 1999|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
47. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-24794617|title=A prayer before dying: IRA took priest to Disappeared victim before murder|date=3 November 2013|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
48. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/6223832.stm|title=McGuinness in Nairac body appeal|date=20 June 2007|accessdate=18 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
49. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/primetime/2017/0503/872161-prime-time-nairac/|title=RTE Prime Time Cased Profile (with video)|date=3 May 2017|accessdate=6 May 2017|publisher=RTE PrimeTime}}
50. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/7519921.stm|title=Family of INLA murder man misled|date=22 July 2008|accessdate=18 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
51. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.thejournal.ie/seamus-ruddy-remains-3382879-May2017/ |title=Remains found in France confirmed to be Seamus Ruddy |publisher=The Journal.ie |date=10 May 2017}}
52. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-11626555|title=Fresh 'Disappeared' dig for Peter Wilson announced|date=26 October 2010|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
53. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-11993049|title=Remains were 'Disappeared' man Peter Wilson's|date=14 December 2010|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}
54. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-12702321|title=Inquest into death of 'Disappeared' man Peter Wilson|date=11 March 2011|accessdate=17 April 2014|publisher=BBC News}}

References

{{reflist}}

External links

  • [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-27235088 The Disappeared], bbc.co.uk
{{The Troubles |state=collapsed}}{{PIRA}}

15 : The Troubles (Northern Ireland)|People killed by the Provisional Irish Republican Army|Forced disappearances in Northern Ireland|Murder victims from Northern Ireland|People murdered in Northern Ireland|Kidnapped people from Northern Ireland|Deaths by firearm in Northern Ireland|Terrorism deaths in Northern Ireland|Kidnapped Irish people|Deaths by firearm in Ireland|Irish murder victims|Irish victims of crime|People murdered in the Republic of Ireland|Terrorism deaths in the Republic of Ireland|Provisional Irish Republican Army
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