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词条 Promession
释义

  1. Process

  2. Criticism

  3. Current status

  4. See also

  5. References

  6. External links

{{more citations needed|date=August 2018}}Promession is an idea of how to dispose human remains by way of freeze drying. The concept of promession was developed by Swedish biologist Susanne Wiigh-Mäsak, who derived the name from the Italian word for "promise" (promessa).[1] She founded Promessa Organic AB in 1997 to commercially pursue her idea.[2] The company was liquidated 2015 without being able to produce a functioning facility. [3] The idea of promession is questioned and not a functional method according to critics.[4]

Process

{{unreferenced section|date=August 2018}}

The idea of promession involves five steps:

  1. Coffin separation: the body is placed into the chamber
  2. Cryogenic freezing: liquid nitrogen at −196 °C crystallizes the body
  3. Vibration: the body is disintegrated into particles within minutes
  4. Freeze drying: particles are freeze dried in a drying chamber, leaving approximately 30% of the original weight
  5. Metal separation: any metals (e.g., tooth amalgam, artificial hips, etc.) are removed, either by magnetism or by sieving. The dry powder is placed in a biodegradable casket which is interred in the top layers of soil, where aerobic bacteria decompose the remains into humus in as little as 6–12 months.

Criticism

Promession as a functional method is questioned. No facility for promession has been built or put into service. Critics argue that there is a physical[5] impossibility to atomize a freeze dried human body in this way.[4][6]

Current status

The company was liquidated 2015 without being able to produce a functioning module or facility.[3]

See also

  • Alkaline hydrolysis (death custom)
  • Natural burial

References

1. ^{{cite news|last=Holst|first=Karen|title=Swedish green-burial firm to turn frozen corpses in compost|url=http://www.thelocal.se/33178/20110413/|accessdate=26 September 2012|date=13 April 2011}}
2. ^{{cite news|last=McNally|first=Patrick|title=Promession: A Return to the Living Soil|url=http://www.dailyundertaker.com/2008/09/promession-return-to-living-soil.html|accessdate=26 September 2012|newspaper=Daily Undertaker|date=30 September 2008}}
3. ^1 {{Cite news|url=http://www.bohuslaningen.se/nyheter/orust/promessa-slutligen-i-konkurs-1.925619|title=Promessa slutligen i konkurs|work=Bohusläningen|access-date=2018-09-12|language=sv}}
4. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=1637&artikel=3818201|title=Ekologisk begravning - Studio Ett|last=Radio|first=Sveriges|website=sverigesradio.se|language=sv|access-date=2018-09-12}}
5. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/760982426|title=Hej då! : begravningsboken|last=1938-|first=Möller, Lotte,|date=2011|publisher=Arena|isbn=9789178433612|location=Malmö|oclc=760982426}}
6. ^{{Cite news|url=https://archive.is/20120525113929/http://www.ostran.se/nyheter/kalmar/promession_fungerar_inte|title=- Promession fungerar inte / Kalmar / NYHETER / ÖSTRAN / Östra Smålan…|date=2012-05-25|work=archive.is|access-date=2018-09-12}}

External links

  • http://www.promessa.se Promessa Website
{{Death}}{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2010}}

4 : Death customs|Biodegradable waste management|1997 introductions|Italian words and phrases
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