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词条 DRDO Netra
释义

  1. Design and development

      Capabilities    Trials    Further development  

  2. Operations

      Operators  

  3. Specifications

  4. See also

  5. References

  6. External links

      Images    Videos  
{{About||the mass surveillance Internet traffic analysis system by DRDO|DRDO NETRA}}{{About||Airborne Early Warning and Control System (AEWACS)|DRDO AEW&CS}}{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2013}}
name = Netraimage = File:Netra - Unmanned Aerial Vehicle - DRDO - Pride of India - Exhibition - 100th Indian Science Congress - Kolkata 2013-01-03 2574.JPGcaption = Netra, at the exhibition of 100th Indian Science Congress in Kolkata.[1]

}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type

type = Mini-unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) national origin=Indiamanufacturer = IdeaForgedesigner = DRDOfirst flight = 3 July 2010introduction = 30 January 2012retired = status = Activeprimary user = Central Reserve Police Forcemore users = Border Security Forceproduced = 2010-presentnumber built = 24[2]program cost= 2|m|0}}[2] to {{INRConvert|5.5|m|0}}[4]developed from =variants with their own articles =
}}

The DRDO Netra is an Indian, light-weight, autonomous UAV for surveillance and reconnaissance operations.[3][4] It has been jointly developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation's Research and Development Establishment (R&DE),[5] and IdeaForge, a Mumbai-based private firm.[2][6][7][8][12]

Design and development

The Netra is a lightweight UAV, constructed of carbon fiber composites, that uses quadcopters to provide lift and control giving a VTOL capability. It has no moving parts other than the rotors, motors and transmissions, and hence it requires very low maintenance. The use of carbon-fibre has resulted in a light weight of {{convert|1.5|kg|lb|abbr=on|0}}, which makes the Netra very portable.[9] A backpack case allows operators to carry the system to field locations to serve as the base station. It also contains the power supply, military-grade controller, hand-held operator console and the communication systems.[10][11]

Capabilities

{{See also|Quadcopter#Flight control|l1=Flight control in a quadcopter}}

Netra can be launched from a small clearing, and it can fly up to a distance of 2.5 km from its take-off point. The operational altitude of the UAV is 200 m. With an on-board wireless transmitter, it can carry out surveillance in an area of 1.5 km Line of Sight (LOS) at the height of 300 m, for 30 minutes on a single battery charge. It has a high resolution CCD camera with a pan/tilt and zoom to facilitate wider surveillance and can also carry a thermal camera for night operations. The zoom-in camera can identify human activity up to 500 m away, and can send live video feed of objects within a radius of 5 km.[2][12][18][19] The images are sent through a local wireless network to laptops for monitoring.[13]

Flight and navigation is independent of user-input, and is controlled by an on-board auto-pilot with the help of anti-collision sensors.[4] The user interface offers waypoint navigation, in which the user specifies the location of the target and the UAV automatically flies to that location. A built-in fail-safe allows it to return to base if there is loss of communication with the controller or if the battery is low in power. The UAV cannot yet operate in rain and further research is being done to make it operable in all weather conditions.[2][18][19][14]

Trials

10 prototypes were made during the development stage by DRDO and they were put under tests like the temperature tests (from -10°C to 55°C) and high-altitude tests. After the successful trials, the UAV was cleared for production and induction.[3][11][28] The development stage has been completed and Ideaforge is responsible for the production. The company has manufacturing capacity of 10 units per month. The base price of the UAV is Rs1.5-2 million, which can increase on purchase of additional components like a thermal camera.[2][10]

Further development

Ideaforge is also working on a more advanced version of Netra, which will have an increased flight time from the present 30 minute per battery charge.[3]

Operations

Netra has done well in the Indian market, with several central and state armed police forces procuring it, and more police units interested in its capability.[32] With the civilian use of UAVs gaining popularity in India, ideaForge has given about 200 demonstrations to prospective buyers.[6] The drone is designed to be used in hostage situations, border infiltration monitoring, law enforcement operations, search and rescue operations, disaster management and aerial photography. It can also be used in naxal-affected districts, in border locations across India for surveillance, and for anti-terrorist and counter-insurgency operations in dense forested areas, where it can use its camera payloads to track human activity.[34] It can also operate in urban quarters, in situations similar to that of the 2008 Mumbai attacks.[2][14]

It was deployed by the local law enforcement during a political rally in Chandigarh.[3][28] Gujarat Police purchased two systems at a unit price of 55 lakhs from IdeaForge. In July 2013 during the 136th Jagannath Rath Yatra, Ahmedabad became the first Indian city to use UAVs for crowd management.[15] Three Netra UAVs were used in Uttarakhand by the NDRF for locating people during the 2013 North India floods.[16][17] It was Netra's first deployment in a disaster rescue operation. They were used in Badrinath and Kedarnath, where real-time monitoring of their video feed helped locate hundreds of survivors with precision.[13][18] The Indo-Tibetan Border Police also deployed the UAV on 24 June in remote locations like Kedarnath, Bhairav Chatti and Jungle Chatti to spot survivors.[19]

Operators

  • Defence Research and Development Organisation - 10 units[3]
  • Border Security Force (BSF)[20][21][22]
  • Indo-Tibetan Border Police[22]
  • Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) - 12 units[4][4][20]
  • Mumbai Police[23]
  • Maharashtra Police
  • Gujarat Police - 2 units[4][15]
  • NDRF - 1[18]
  • Indian Army,[24] Indian Navy and several other state police and central paramilitary forces have shown interest in the UAV.[3][20][25]

Specifications

{{Aircraft specifications
|plane or copter?=copter
|jet or prop?=prop
|ref= IdeaForge product page
|crew=none
|payload main= High resolution CCD camera
|payload alt= Thermal camera
|length main= 90 cm
|length alt= 2.95 ft
|span main= 90 cm
|span alt= 2.95 ft
|empty weight main= 1.5 Kg
|empty weight alt= 3.3 lbs
|loaded weight main=
|loaded weight alt=
|max takeoff weight main=
|max takeoff weight alt=
|height main=
|height alt=
|engine (prop)= External swappable Li-Po batteries
|type of prop=
|number of props= 4
|power main=
|power alt=
|power more=
|max speed main= 30 km/hr[26]
|max speed alt=
|cruise speed main=
|Endurance= 30 minutes
|cruise speed alt=
|stall speed main=
|stall speed alt=
|never exceed speed main=
|never exceed speed alt=
|range main= 2500 m[15]
|range alt= 8200 ft
|ferry range main=
|ferry range alt=
|ferry range more=
|ceiling main= 300 m[15]
|ceiling alt= 985 ft
|climb rate main=
|climb rate alt=
|loading main=
|loading alt=
|thrust/weight=
|power/mass main=
|power/mass alt=
|armament=
|avionics=
}}

See also

{{Portal|Military of India}}
  • Multirotor
  • Parrot AR.Drone

References

1. ^{{cite news|title=DRDO scores a ton at centenary Indian Science Congress|url=http://www.indiastrategic.in/topstories1890_DRDO_scores_a_ton_at_centenary_Indian_Science_Congress.htm|accessdate=25 July 2013|newspaper=India Strategic|date=January 2013}}
2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news|title=DRDO’s UAV Netra to aid in anti-terror operations|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/nation/drdos-uav-netra-to-aid-in-anti-terror-operations_638349.html|accessdate=1 August 2012|newspaper=Zee News|date=3 July 2010}}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|title=UAV inducted into counter-insurgency ops |url=http://zeenews.india.com/business/news/technology/3-idiots-uav-inducted-into-counter-insurgency-ops_755722.html |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130208090443/http://zeenews.india.com/business/news/technology/3-idiots-uav-inducted-into-counter-insurgency-ops_755722.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=8 February 2013 |accessdate=1 August 2012 |newspaper=Zee news |date=30 January 2012 }}
4. ^1 {{cite web |title=Unmanned: The Future of Air Wars |url=http://www.spsaviation.net/exclusive/?id=164&h=Unmanned:-The-Future-of-Air-Wars |publisher=SP's Aviation |accessdate=10 February 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130605165251/http://www.spsaviation.net/exclusive/?id=164&h=Unmanned%3A-The-Future-of-Air-Wars |archivedate=5 June 2013 |df=dmy }}
5. ^{{cite web|title=DRDO develops UAV 'Netra' to aid anti-terror operations| url=http://article.wn.com/view/2010/07/03/DRDO_develops_UAV_Netra_to_aid_antiterror_operations/ |publisher=wn.com|accessdate=1 August 2012}}
6. ^1 {{cite news|title=Drones set to crowd Indian skies|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Drones-set-to-crowd-Indian-skies/articleshow/21309475.cms|accessdate=25 July 2013|newspaper=The Times of India|date=24 July 2013}}
7. ^{{cite news|title=DRDO develops UAV 'Netra' to aid anti-terror operations|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/78982/drdo-develops-uav-netra-aid.html|accessdate=1 August 2012|newspaper=Deccan Herald|date=3 July 2010}}
8. ^{{cite journal|title= Movie UAV to nab rebels|journal=Geopolitics|date=March 2012|page=84|url=http://issuu.com/newsline/docs/e_mag_mar-12part2/search?q=netra|accessdate=1 August 2012}}
9. ^{{cite web|title=Unmanned aerial vehicle Netra a part of anti-insurgency operations |url=http://www.indiandefence.com/forums/indian-defence-industry/14891-now-unmanned-aerial-vehicle-netra-part-anti-insurgency-operations.html |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130126073014/http://www.indiandefence.com/forums/indian-defence-industry/14891-now-unmanned-aerial-vehicle-netra-part-anti-insurgency-operations.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=26 January 2013 |publisher=indiandefence.com |accessdate=1 August 2012 }}
10. ^1 {{cite web|last=Gupta Ray |first=Shashwat |title=UAV Netra gets into production |url=http://72.78.249.187/SakaalTimesBeta/20120106/4894880887472117130.htm |archive-url=https://archive.is/20121129231737/http://72.78.249.187/SakaalTimesBeta/20120106/4894880887472117130.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=29 November 2012 |publisher=Sakaal Times |accessdate=1 August 2012 }}
11. ^1 {{cite web|title=UAV inducted into counter-insurgency operations |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/node/90251 |publisher=Deccan Chronicle |accessdate=1 August 2012 }}{{dead link|date=December 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
12. ^{{cite news|title=DRDO develops UAV ‘Netra’ to aid anti-terrorist operations | url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article498514.ece |accessdate=1 August 2012|newspaper=The Hindu|date=3 July 2010|location=Chennai, India}}
13. ^1 2 {{cite news | url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/three-uavs-deployed-in-uttarakhand-rescue-operations/article4859694.ece |title=Three UAVs deployed in Uttarakhand rescue operations |author= |date=28 June 2013 |location=Chennai, India |work=The Hindu}}
14. ^1 {{cite news|title=DRDO develops UAV 'Netra' to aid in anti-terrorist operations|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-07-03/news/27602129_1_unmanned-aerial-vehicle-drdo-development-organisation|publisher=The Economic Times|accessdate=1 August 2012|date=3 July 2010}}
15. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news|title=Gujarat bets on indigenous UAVs to keep surveillance & help in public security|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/20945781.cms|accessdate=7 July 2013|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=7 July 2013}}
16. ^1 {{cite news|title=Dighi defence setup to lead robotics project|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/Dighi-defence-setup-to-lead-robotics-project/articleshow/20920988.cms|accessdate=5 July 2013|newspaper=The Times of India|date=5 July 2013}}
17. ^{{cite news|title=How Netra UAVs helped Indian disaster relief effort|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-how-netra-uavs-helped-indian-disaster-relief-effort-387984/|accessdate=17 July 2013|newspaper=Flight Global|date=5 July 2013}}
18. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/to-spot-missing-survivors-3-uavs-overfly-kedarnath/articleshow/20756453.cms |title=To spot missing survivors, 3 UAVs overfly Kedarnath |date=25 June 2013 |work=The Times Of India |first1=Deeptimaan |last1=Tiwary}}
19. ^{{cite web |url=http://newindianexpress.com/nation/UAVs-look-for-survivors-as-new-landslides-rain-hamper-rescue/2013/06/25/article1651437.ece |title=UAVs look for survivors as new landslides, rain hamper rescue |date=25 June 2013 }}
20. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|title=Homeland Security turns to unmanned Systems in India. DRDO’s Netra gains popularity in paramilitary forces|url=http://www.indiastrategic.in/topstories3087_Homeland_Security_turns_to_UAVs_in_India.htm|publisher=India Strategic|accessdate=23 November 2013}}
21. ^{{cite news|title=University students build QuadCopter|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-09-13/goa/42040169_1_uav-quadcopter-goa-university|accessdate=14 September 2013|newspaper=The Times of India|date=13 September 2013}}
22. ^1 2 {{cite news|title=Aviation assets for India's paramilitary forces|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/blogs/sauravjha/2976/65192/aviation-assets-for-indias-paramilitary-forces.html|accessdate=24 April 2014|newspaper=IBN Live|date=23 April 2014}}
23. ^{{cite news |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-08-22/news/33322409_1_mumbai-police-uav-unmanned-aerial-vehicle |title=Raj Thackeray’s mega rally: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle kept an eye on Azad Maidan |author= |date=22 August 2012 |work= |publisher=Mumbai Mirror |accessdate=22 August 2012}}
24. ^{{cite news |title=R&DE’s UAV Netra watching over Rath Yatra |url=http://www.sakaaltimes.com/NewsDetails.aspx?NewsId=4688190897948173560&SectionId=4924098573178130559SectionName=Latest%20News&NewsTitle=R&DE |accessdate=17 July 2013 |newspaper=Sakaal Times |date=11 July 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203062738/http://www.sakaaltimes.com/NewsDetails.aspx?NewsId=4688190897948173560&SectionId=4924098573178130559SectionName%3DLatest%20News&NewsTitle=R&DE |archivedate=3 December 2013 |df=dmy }}
25. ^1 2 {{cite news|last=Kulkarni|first=Pranav|title=Trials successful, Netra to enter production stage|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/trials-successful-netra-to-enter-production-stage/782092/0|accessdate=1 August 2012|newspaper=The Indian Express|date=27 Apr 2011}}
26. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|title=Gujarat Police uses Netra UAV to keep watch over Rath Yatra|url=http://deshgujarat.com/2013/07/10/gujarat-police-uses-netra-uav-to-keep-watch-over-rath-yatra/|accessdate=17 July 2013|newspaper=Desh Gujarat|date=10 July 2013}}

External links

  • IdeaForge official website

Images

  • [https://www.flickr.com/photos/78966197@N08/8344840163/sizes/l/in/photostream/ Netra flying]

Videos

  • [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RnvcmwPTnRE Netra UAV - Youtube]
{{Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)}}{{Unmanned aerial vehicles of DRDO}}

3 : Unmanned aerial vehicles of India|Military equipment of India|DRDO aircraft
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