“Drouillard House”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Drouillard House is a historic house at Cumberland Furnace, Tennessee. Built in 1868-1870 in the vicinity of Cumberland Furnace, the three-story house was a summer residence for Nashville socialite Mary Florence Kirkman and her husband Captain James Pierre Drouillard. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since December 27, 1977.

History

When established in 1795 by Gen. James Robinson, Cumberland Iron Works was the first furnace in Middle Tennessee.^[2] After a lacklustre decade, the iron works and the surrounding 640 acres were bought by Montgomery Bell for $16,000 in 1804; Bell "quickly turned Cumberland Furnace into a money-maker" and was able to sell it, together with the surrounding acres, for thrice the amount of money he had paid for it to Anthony Wayne Van Leer in 1825.^[2] Van Leer operated the iron works for the next four decades, up until the beginning of the American Civil War, when he moved to Nashville.^[3]

For a few years, the Cumberland Furnace was managed by Van Leer's son-in-low, Hugh Kirkman,^[3] husband of his daughter, Eleanora C. Vanleer.^[6] After the death of Anthony Van Leer on July 9, 1863, the furnace and the surrounding area - in addition to eighty-five slaves - were inherited by his grandchildren, Hugh and Eleonora's daughter, Mary Florence Kirkman, and her brother Vanleer Kirkman.^[6] Florence married Union Army Captain James Pierre Drouillard in 1864, a scandalous act in the southern state of Tennessee during the Civil War. None of her friends or family attended the wedding.^[4] Captain Drouillard reopened the furnace after the war, and operated it until it was sold in 1889 to the Southern Iron Company.^[5]

Designed after a similar house in Newport, the Drouillard House was built in 1870. It was used to host lavish summer parties for guests from Nashville and even New Orleans until 1886 when the Drouillards returned to Nashville.^[4] During this time, the Drouillards built a church for the community and a parish school for both white and black children; the St. James Episcopal Church is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as well.^[4]

Architecture

Completed in 1870, the Italianate style house is clapboard siding over frame, with a 10 foot deep veranda porch over 100 feet in length skirting the north facade. The house has two wings, the kitchen is in the east wing. A three-story spiral staircase reaching up to an observation deck is a notable interior feature.^[5]

References

1. ^{{NRISref|version=2010a}}
2. ^¹{{cite book|last=Van West|first=Carroll| title=Tennessee's Historic Landscapes: A Traveler's Guide | publisher=Univ. of Tennessee Press | year=1995 | ISBN=9780870498817 | page=379}}
3. ^¹{{cite web|title=Anthony Van Leer |url=http://www.vanleerplus.org/9anthony.htm#vanleertn | access-date=November 8, 2018}}
4. ^¹²³⁴{{cite web|url=https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entries/mary-florence-drouillard/ |title=Mary Florence Drouillard |first=George E. |last=Jackson |date=January 1, 2010 |work=Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture|accessdate = 2015-07-28}}
5. ^¹{{cite web|url={{NRHP url|id=77001267}}| title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form: Drouillard House|author=Gail Hammerquist|accessdate = 2015-07-28|format = PDF|date=March 1977 |publisher=National Park Service}} {{NRHP url|id=77001267|title=Five photos (1977)|photos=y}}

4 : Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Tennessee|Houses in Dickson County, Tennessee|Houses completed in 1870|National Register of Historic Places in Dickson County, Tennessee