| 词条 | Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility | |||||
| 释义 |
| name =Puget Sound Naval Shipyard | nrhp_type = nhld | nocat = yes | image = Aerial Bremerton Shipyard November 2012.jpg | caption = Three decommissioned aircraft carriers docked at the shipyard. From left: {{USS|Independence|CV-62|2}}, {{USS|Kitty Hawk|CV-63|2}},and {{USS|Ranger|CV-61|2}}. | coordinates = {{coord|47.5585|-122.6442|display=inline,title}} | locmapin = Washington | location= N shore of Sinclair Inlet, Bremerton, WA | area = | architect= US Navy | designated_nrhp_type= 27 August 1992[1] | added = 27 August 1992[2] | governing_body = Department of the Navy | refnum=92001883 }}{{Infobox Military Structure |name= Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility |location= Puget Sound, Washington |image= |caption= |type= Shipyard |built= 1891 |materials= |used= 1891–present |controlledby= United States Navy |garrison= |commanders= |battles= }} Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility (PSNS & IMF) is a United States Navy shipyard covering 179 acres (0.7 km²) on Puget Sound at Bremerton, Washington in uninterrupted use since its establishment in 1891; it has also been known as Navy Yard Puget Sound, Bremerton Navy Yard, and Puget Sound Naval Shipyard. It is bordered on the south by Sinclair Inlet, on the west by the Bremerton Annex of Naval Base Kitsap, and on the north and east by the city of Bremerton, Washington. It is the Pacific Northwest's largest naval shore facility and one of Washington state's largest industrial installations. PSNS & IMF provides the Navy with maintenance, modernization, and technical and logistics support. HistoryPuget Sound Naval Shipyard was established in 1891 as a Naval Station and was designated Navy Yard Puget Sound in 1901. During World War I, the Navy Yard constructed ships, including 25 subchasers, seven submarines, two minesweepers, seven seagoing tugs, and two ammunition ships, as well as 1,700 small boats. During World War II, the shipyard's primary effort was the repair of battle damage to ships of the U.S. fleet and those of its allies. Following World War II, Navy Yard Puget Sound was designated Puget Sound Naval Shipyard. It engaged in an extensive program of modernizing carriers, including converting conventional flight decks to angle decks. During the Korean War, the shipyard was engaged in the activation of ships. In the late 1950s, it entered an era of new construction with the building of a new class of guided missile frigates. In 1965, USS Sculpin (SSN 590) became the first nuclear-powered submarine to be maintained at PSNS. The shipyard was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1992.[1][3] The historic district includes 22 contributing buildings and 42 contributing structures, as well as 49 non-contributing buildings, structures, and objects.[3] InstallationsPerhaps the most visible feature of the shipyard is its huge green hammerhead crane, built in 1933. The PSNS hammerhead crane is {{convert|250|ft|m}} tall and {{convert|80|ft|m}} wide with a lifting capacity of 250 tons.[4] Ship-Submarine Recycling Program{{unreferenced section|date=November 2014}}In 1990 the Navy authorized the Ship-Submarine Recycling Program (SRP) to recycle nuclear-powered ships at PSNS. Approximately 25% of the shipyard's workload involves inactivation, reactor compartment disposal, and recycling of ships. It has pioneered an environmentally safe method of deactivating and recycling nuclear-powered ships. This process places the U.S. Navy in the role of being the world's only organization to design, build, operate, and recycle nuclear-powered ships. On 15 May 2003 PSNS and IMF were consolidated into what is now known as PSNS & IMF. PSNS is the only U.S. facility certified to recycle nuclear ships. During all this period Puget Sound Naval Shipyard has scrapped more than 125 submarines and some cruisers.[5] Mothball FleetThe shipyard contains a portion of the United States Navy reserve fleet, a large collection of inactive U.S. Navy vessels, including the aircraft carrier {{USS|Kitty Hawk|CV-63}}.[6] Kitty Hawk is mothballed, meaning that she is stored in case she is needed by the Navy in the future.[7] Environmental IssuesGorst Creek Ravine near Port Orchard, Washington was a hazardous waste dump for the Navy's shipyard waste between 1969 and 1970, when the site was not permitted by local authorities to take waste.[8] After several collapses since 1997 the landfill could blow out Highway 3. The landfill is an "ongoing source of pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and metals flowing downstream with the potential to affect groundwater wells, sport fisheries and the Suquamish Tribe's fish hatchery.[8] In October 2014, the US EPA ordered the Navy to fix the problems.[9] {{Clear}}GalleryPuget Sound Naval Shipyard Historic DistrictsThe Puget Sound Naval Shipyard contains five historic districts:
These five units are a comprehensive representation of the historic features of the naval shipyard. See also
Notes1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=2045&ResourceType=District|title=Puget Sound Naval Shipyard|accessdate=2008-04-12|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080415010935/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=2045&ResourceType=District|archivedate=15 April 2008|df=dmy-all}} 2. ^{{NRISref|2007a|dateform=dmy}} 3. ^1 {{Cite journal|url={{NHLS url|id=92001883}}|title=National Register of Historic Places Registration: Navy Yard Puget Sound / Bremerton Navy Yard; Puget Sound Naval Shipyard|date=20 December 1990 |format=PDF |author=Erwin N. Thompson and Ben Levy |publisher=National Park Service |accessdate=2009-05-03|postscript=}} and {{NHLS url|id=92001883|title=Accompanying 17 photos, from 1985 and 1991|photos=y}} {{small|(3.71 MB)}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.mil/submit/display.asp?story_id=47037| title=Senior Chief Re-enlists on Historic Bremerton Landmark |last=Putnam |first=Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Kirk T. |date=19 July 2009 |website=America's Navy |access-date=15 December 2015}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Navy exploring private firms for typically PSNS work|url=http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/navy-exploring-private-firms-for-typically-psns-work-399445df-bafd-47dc-e053-0100007f5f26-389653521.html|accessdate=12 August 2016}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.mil/submit/display.asp?story_id=45202 |title=Navy Decommissions USS Kitty Hawk |date=12 May 2009 |website=America's Navy |access-date=15 December 2015}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/local-news/kitty-hawk-gives-bremerton-a-quartet-of-vietnam |title=Kitty Hawk Gives Bremerton a Quartet of Vietnam-Era Carriers |last=Friedrich |first=Ed |date=6 February 2009 |website=Kitsap Sun |access-date=15 December 2015}} 8. ^1 {{cite news|title=EPA to Navy: Fix issues at former dump |url=http://www.columbian.com/news/2014/oct/16/epa-to-navy-fix-issues-at-former-dump/ |accessdate=19 November 2014 |work=Columbian (WA) |publisher=Associated Press |date=16 October 2014 |dead-url=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141201094013/http://www.columbian.com/news/2014/oct/16/epa-to-navy-fix-issues-at-former-dump/ |archivedate=1 December 2014 }} 9. ^{{Cite web|title = EPA wants Navy to help fix former dump|url = http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/local-news/epa-wants-navy-to-help-fix-former-dump_56449893|accessdate = 2015-09-10|first = Christopher|last = Dunagan}} External links{{Commons category|Puget Sound Naval Shipyard}}
14 : Bremerton, Washington|Transportation buildings and structures in Kitsap County, Washington|Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington (state)|Marine engine manufacturers|National Historic Landmarks in Washington (state)|United States Navy bases|United States Navy shipyards|Superfund sites in Washington (state)|Military Superfund sites|Puget Sound|Military facilities on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington (state)|National Register of Historic Places in Kitsap County, Washington|Shipyards on the National Register of Historic Places|1891 establishments in Washington (state) |
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