| 词条 | Punkah wallah |
| 释义 |
In India and Pakistan, a punkah wallah or punkahwallah ({{lang-hi|पङ्खावाला}}, {{transl|hi|paṅkhāvālā}}) is a manual fan operator.[1][2] The most desired were deaf because they were always within earshot of confidential conversations. A punkah is a type of ceiling fan used in the Indian subcontinent before the electric fan.[3] The punkhawallah was the servant who worked it, often using a pulley system. The word pankha originated from pankh, the wings of a bird which produce a draft when flapped. In modern use, a person selling, repairing or making fans, both handheld and electric, would also be known colloquially as a punkha wala, since the term means fan guy or the guy with the fans. See also
References1. ^{{cite news |first=Katharine |last=Whitehorn |date=30 April 2010 |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/books/article-1262627/Finding-punkah-wallah-essential-Raj-tips-THE-COMPLETE-INDIAN-HOUSEKEEPER-AND-COOK-BY-FLORA-ANNIE-STEEL-AND-GRACE-GARDINER.html |title=Finding a punkah-wallah, and other essential Raj tips: THE COMPLETE INDIAN HOUSEKEEPER AND COOK|publisher=Daily Mail }} {{India-culture-stub}}2. ^{{cite web|title=punkahwallah|url=https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/punkahwallah|website=Wiktionary|accessdate=10 January 2017}} 3. ^{{cite news |first=Adrian |last=Bridge |date=20 March 2018 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/rail-journeys/india-most-beautiful-train-journeys/|title=Michael Portillo discovers India's most beautiful train journeys|publisher=Daily Telegraph }} 7 : Obsolete occupations|Social history of India|Pakistani society|Personal care and service occupations|Hindi words and phrases|Urdu words and phrases|Indian English idioms |
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