词条 | Ecological art |
释义 |
Historical precedentsArt historical precedents include environmental art, earthworks, land art, sustainable art, landscape painting, and landscape photography. While historical examples may reach back to neolithic times, according to the history published in the book, Ecovention: current art to transform ecologies, a short list of key works include Herbert Bayer's Grass Mound (1955) at the Aspen Art Institute, Aspen, CO; Joseph Beuys 1962 proposed action to clean up the Elbe River in Hamburg, German; Hans Haacke's 1965 manifesto for time-based, "natural", dynamic indeterminate art; Nicolas Uriburu's 1968 performance "Green Power, coloration Grand Canal - Venice" and Agnes Denes's 1968 performance, Haiku Poetry Burial, Rice Planting and Tree Chaining/Exercises in Eco-Logic, in Sullivan County, New York.[9][10][11][12] 1969 was a watershed year for ecological art practices, including Haacke's Grass Grows in Ithaca, NY; Alan Sonfist's activities articulating the significance of native forests in urban areas and his action to monitor air quality in New York city. Betty Beaumont documented the clean-up of what was the worst U.S. ocean oil spill off the coast of Santa Barbara, California, while Mierle Laderman Ukeles wrote Manifesto for Maintenance Art (Spaid) In 1969, the John Gibson Gallery in New York city mounted the exhibition, Ecologic Art, that included the work of Will Insley, Claes Oldenburg, Christo, Peter Hutchinson, Dennis Oppenheim, Robert Morris, Bob Smithson, Carl Andre, Christo, Jan Dibbets, and Richard Long.[13] In 1969–1970, Helen Mayer Harrison and Newton Harrison collaborated on mapping endangered species around the world. In 1971, artist Bonnie Sherk performs Public Lunch with the Animals in the Lion House of the San Francisco Zoo. From 1972 to 1979, Helen and Newton Harrison realize seven projects designed for and about lagoons in California. The 1972 essay, Art and Ecological Consciousness by Gyorgy Kepes in his book, Arts of the Environment.[14] presents the genre as distinct from environmental art. In the 1992 exhibition and book, Fragile Ecologies: Contemporary Artists' Interpretations and Solutions,[15] art historian, Dr. Barbara Matilsky differentiates ecological art from environmental art in that the former has ethical underpinnings.[16] In 1993, a workshop and exhibition, specifically about ecological systems and art, was presented by Don Krug, Renee Miller and Barbara Westfall at the Society for Ecological Restoration in Irvine, California. The term ecovention, was coined in 1999 as a conjunction of the words ecology and intervention, in conjunction with an exhibition of the same name curated by Amy Lipton and Sue Spaid, representing artist's projects that use inventive strategies to physically transform a local ecology. In a 2006 UNESCO research report for the Art in Ecology think tank on arts and sustainability, "Mapping the Terrain of Contemporary EcoArt Practice and Collaboration," the artist Beth Carruthers uses the term Ecoart.[17] A current definition of ecological art drafted collectively by the EcoArt Network of international artists, founded in 1998, is: "Ecological Art is an art practice that embraces an ethic of social justice in both its content and form/materials. EcoArt is created to inspire caring and respect, stimulate dialogue, and encourage the long-term flourishing of the social and natural environments in which we live. It commonly manifests as socially engaged, activist, community-based restorative or interventionist art."[18][19] TheoriesThe 2012 book, Toward Global (Environ)Mental Change - Transformative Art and Cultures of Sustainability,[20] proposes that the global crisis of unsustainability is a disruption of the hardware of civilization, as well as a crisis of the software of the human mind.[21] The 2004 book, Ecological aesthetics: art in environmental design: theory and practice, presents an analysis of a variety of tendencies and approaches to landscape architecture, science and theory that inform research and the transformation of the landscape for over thirty years.[22] Green Arts Web,[23] compiled by Carnegie Mellon University senior librarian, Mo Dawley, is a compendium of core readings on contemporary environmental art, ecological art and theory (20th century to the present) that includes, among other sub-categories, for example,[24] deep ecology practices;[25][26][27] ecofeminism;[28][29][30] ecopsychology;[31] land ethic and bioregionalism;[32] sense of place;[33][34][35] and systems thinking.[36][37] PrinciplesArtists considered to be working within this field subscribe to one or more of the following principles:[38]
ApproachesEcological art involves numerous diverse approaches, including:
OrientationsContemporary ecological art has been articulated across interdisciplinary and scholarly groups in terms of life-centered issues, community participation, public dialogue, and ecological sustainability. In 1996, the educator and activist, Don Krug identified concepts frequently addressed by ecological artists that can be used by to interpret ecological perspectives and practices.[57] The following four orientations were identified: Environmental Design, Ecological Design, Social Restoration, and Ecological Restoration.
See also
References1. ^{{cite book|last1=Weintraub|first1=Linda|title=To Life! Eco Art in Pursuit of a Sustainable Planet|date=2012|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley, California|isbn=9780520273627}} 2. ^{{cite book|last1=Strelow|first1=(Heike|title=Natural Reality: Artistic Positions Between Nature and Culture/Kunstlerische Positionen Swischen Natur und Kultur|date=1999|publisher=Ludwig Forum fur Internationale Kunst|location=Stuttgart:}} 3. ^{{cite web|last1=Bower|first1=Sam|title=A Profusion of Terms|url=http://greenmuseum.org/generic_content.php?ct_id=306|website=GreenMuseum|publisher=greenmuseum.org|accessdate=23 August 2015}} 4. ^{{cite web|last1=Carruthers|first1=Beth|title=Mapping the Terrain of Contemporary EcoArt Practice and Collaboration|url=http://greenmuseum.org/generic_content.php?ct_id=263|website=greenmuseum.org|publisher=Green Museum|accessdate=23 August 2015}} 5. ^{{cite web|last1=Kagan|first1=Sacha|title=The practice of ecological art|url=http://art-science.univ-paris1.fr/plastik/document.php?id=866|website=PLASTIK: art & science|publisher=PLASTIK|accessdate=23 August 2015}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Moyer|first1=Twylene, ed|last2=Harper|first2=Glenn, ed|title=The New Earthwork: Art Action Agency|date=2012|publisher=University of Washington Press|location=Washington, DC|isbn=9780295991641|url=https://www.washington.edu/uwpress/search/books/HARNEW.html}} 7. ^{{cite book|last1=Weintraub|first1=Linda|title=Eco-Centric Topics: Pioneering Themes for Eco-Art|date=2006|publisher=Artnow Publications: Avant Guardians: Textlets in Art and Ecology|location=New York|isbn=0977742148|url=http://lindaweintraub.com/images/documents/ECOcentric.pdf|accessdate=23 August 2015}} 8. ^{{cite book|last1=Spaid|first1=Sue|title=Ecovention: current art to transform ecologies|date=2002|publisher=The Contemporary Arts Center; Green Museum; EcoArtSpace|location=Cincinnati, OH|isbn=0917562747|url=http://www.greenmuseum.org/c/ecovention/sect1.html}} 9. ^{{cite book|last1=Nemitz|first1=Barbara, ed.|title=trans/plant: Living vegetation in contemporary art|date=2000|publisher=Hatje Cantz Publishers|isbn=9783893229710|page=63|url=http://www.hatjecantz.de/transplant-3680-1.html}} 10. ^{{cite web|last1=Land Use Database|title=Earth Mound|url=http://clui.org/ludb/site/earth-mound|website=clui.org|publisher=Center for Land Use Interpretation|accessdate=24 August 2015}} 11. ^{{cite web|last1=Spaid|first1=Sue|title=Ecoventions: qua an Arendtian Account of Freedom, Action and Miracles|url=http://www.landviews.org/la2003/ecoventions-ss.html|website=Land Views|publisher=Online Jornal of Landscape, Art and Design|accessdate=24 August 2015}} 12. ^{{cite journal|last1=Homer|first1=Nicola|title=Agnes Denes Interview. A Visionary Artist. Work 1967-2013|journal=Studio International: Visual Arts, Design and Architecture|date=October 3, 2014|url=http://www.studiointernational.com/index.php/agnes-denes-interview-a-visionary-artist}} 13. ^{{cite web|last1=Archives of American Art|first1=Research Collections|title=Installation view of the Ecologic art exhibition at John Gibson Gallery, 1969|url=http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/items/detail/installation-view-ecologic-art-exhibition-john-gibson-gallery-9546|website=www.aaa.si.edu|publisher=Archives of American Art|accessdate=21 April 2016}} 14. ^{{cite book|last1=Kepes|first1=Gyorgy|title=Arts of the Environment|date=1972|publisher=George Braziller|location=New York|isbn=9780807606209}} 15. ^{{cite book|last1=Matilsky|first1=Barbara|title=Fragile Ecologies: Contemporary Artists' Interpretations and Solutions|date=1992|publisher=Rizzoli International Publications|location=NY|isbn=9780847815920}} 16. ^{{cite book|last1=Howard|first1=Peter, ed.|last2=Thompson|first2=Ian, ed.|last3=Waterton|first3=Emma, ed.|title=The Routledge Companion to Landscape Studies|date=2013|publisher=Routledge International|isbn=9780415684606|page=200}} 17. ^{{cite journal|last1=Carruthers|first1=Beth|title=Mapping the terrain of contemporary ecoart practice and collaboration|journal=Art in Ecology - a think tank on arts and sustainability, commissioned by the Canada Council for the Arts; the Canadian Commission for UNESCO, the Vancouver Foundation, and the Royal Society for the Encouragement of the Arts|date=April 27, 2006|volume=London UK and Vancouver, British Columbia|url=http://unesco.ca/~/media/pdf/unesco/bethcarruthersartinecologyresearchreportenglish.pdf|accessdate=24 August 2015}} 18. ^{{cite book|last1=Naidus|first1=Beverly|title=Arts for Change: Teaching Outside the Frame|date=2009|publisher=New Village Press|isbn=978-0981559308|url=http://social-ecology.org/wp/2009/04/ises-beverly-naidus-publishes-arts-for-change/}} 19. ^{{cite web|title=EcoArt Network|url=http://ecoartnetwork.org|website=ecoartnetwork|accessdate=21 January 2016}} 20. ^https://www.boell.de/en/content/toward-global-environmental-change 21. ^{{cite book|last1=Kagan|first1=Sacha|title=Toward Global (Environ)Mental Change - Transformative Art and Cultures of Sustainability|date=2012|publisher=Heinrich Böll Siftung|location=Berlin|isbn=9783869280769|url=https://www.boell.de/en/content/toward-global-environmental-change|accessdate=6 September 2015}} 22. ^{{cite book|last1=Prigann|first1=Herman|last2=Strelow|first2=Heike|last3=David|first3=Vera|title=Ecologcial aesthetics: art in environmental design: theory and practice|date=2004|publisher=Basel [etc.]: birkhauser|location=Switzerland|isbn=3764324244|url=http://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/clc/1870135}} 23. ^http://greenarts.org/reference.html 24. ^{{cite web|last1=Green Arts Web|title=Green Arts Web: Reference (Multidisciplinary)|url=http://greenarts.org/ref2.html#culture|website=greenarts.org|accessdate=6 September 2015}} 25. ^{{cite journal|title=Deep Nature (16 article special section)|journal=Studio Potter|date=December 1990|volume= 19|pages=18–75}} 26. ^{{cite book|last1=Macy|first1=Joanna|last2=Fleming|first2=Pat|title=The Council of All Beings in Alan Drengson & Yuichi Inoue, The Deep Ecology Movement: An Introductory Anthology|date=1995|publisher=North Atlantic Books|location=Berkeley, California}} 27. ^{{cite journal|last1=Naess|first1=Arne|title=Deep Ecology and the Potters in (sic) Our Planet|journal=Studio Potter|date=June 1992|volume= 20|pages=39–9}} 28. ^{{cite book|last1=Diamond, ed.|first1=Irene|last2=Orenstein, ed.|first2=Gloria Ferman|title=Reweaving the World: The Emergence of Ecofeminism|date=1990|publisher=Sierra Club Books|location=San Francisco}} 29. ^{{cite journal|last1=Warren|first1=Karen J.|title=Feminism and Ecology: Making Connections|journal=Environmental Ethics|date=1987|volume=9|issue=1|pages=3–20|doi=10.5840/enviroethics19879113}} 30. ^{{cite journal|last1=Zimmerman|first1=Michael E.|title=Feminism, Deep Ecology, and Environmental Ethics|journal=Environmental Ethics|date=1987|volume=9|issue=1|pages=21–44|doi=10.5840/enviroethics19879112}} 31. ^{{cite book|last1=Shepard|first1=Paul|title=Nature and Madness|date=1998|publisher=The University of Georgia Press|location=Athens}} 32. ^{{cite book|last1=Leopold|first1=Aldo|title=A Sand County Almanac, and Sketches Here and There|date=1987|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York}} 33. ^{{cite book|last1=Lippard|first1=Lucy|title=Lure of the Local: Senses of Place in a Multicentered Society|date=1997|publisher=New Press|location=New York|isbn=9781565842489}} 34. ^{{cite book|last1=Kwon|first1=Miwon|title=One Place after Another: Site-Specific Art and Locational Identity|date=2004|publisher=The MIT Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=9780262612029}} 35. ^{{cite book|last1=Baum|first1=Kelly|title=Nobody's Property: Art, Land, Space, 2000-2010|date=2010|publisher=Princeton University Art Museum, Distributed by Yale University Press|location=Princeton, New Jersey|display-authors=etal}} 36. ^{{cite book|last1=Capra|first1=Fritjof|title=The Web of Life: A New Scientific Understanding of Living Systems|date=1996|publisher=Doubleday|location=New York}} 37. ^{{cite book|last1=Burnham|first1=Jack|title=Great Western Salt Works: Essays on the Meaning of Post-Formalist Art|date=1974|publisher=George Braziller|location=New York|isbn=9780807607404}} 38. ^{{cite web|title=EcoArt Network: About Our Work|url=http://www.ecoartnetwork.org/wordpress/about/|website=ecoartnetwork|accessdate=21 January 2016}} 39. ^{{cite book|last1=Fournier|first1=Anik|last2=Lim|first2=Michelle|last3=Parmer|first3=Amanda|last4=Wuilfe|first4=Robert|title=Undercurrents: Experimental Ecosystems in Recent Art|date=2010|publisher=Whitney Museum of American Art and Yale University Press|location=New York; New Haven}} 40. ^{{cite book|last1=Lippard|first1=Lucy|title=Weather Report: Art and Climate Change|date=2007|publisher=Boulder Museum of Contemporary Arts in collaboration with EcoArts|location=Boulder, Colorado}} 41. ^{{cite journal|last1=Gaynor|first1=Andrea|last2=McLean|first2=Ian|title=The Limits of Art History: Towards an Ecological History of Landscape Art|journal=Landscape Review|date=1998|volume=11|issue=1|pages=4–14|url=http://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1459&context=creartspapers|accessdate=23 January 2016}} 42. ^{{cite web|last1=Walker Art Center Museum|title=Collections: Revival Field|url=http://www.walkerart.org/collections/artworks/revival-field-projection-and-procedure|website=walkerart.org|publisher=Walker Art Center, Minnesota|accessdate=22 January 2016}} 43. ^{{cite news|last1=Dederer|first1=Claire|title=Looking for Inspiration in the Melting Ice|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/23/arts/design/23dede.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0|accessdate=23 August 2015|publisher=New York Times|date=September 23, 2007}} 44. ^{{cite book|last1=Hanor|first1=Stephanie|last2=Sanromán|first2=Lucía|last3=Barnes|first3=Lucinda|title=Human/Nature: Artists Respond to a Changing Planet|date=2008|publisher=Museum of Contemporary Art; University of California, Berkeley Art Museum and Pacific Film Archive, Museum of Contemporary Art San Diego|location=San Diego, and Berkeley, CA}} 45. ^{{cite journal|last1=Blandy|first1=Doug|last2=Gongdon|first2=Kristin G.|last3=Krug|first3=Don H.|title=Art, Ecological Restoration, and Art Education|journal=Studies in Art Education|date=1998|volume=39|issue=3|pages=230–243|doi=10.2307/1320366|jstor=1320366}} 46. ^{{cite web|last1=Doan|first1=Abigail|title=HighWaterLine: Visualizing Climate Change with Artist Eve Moser|publisher=The Wild Magazine}} 47. ^{{cite book|last1=Lampert|first1=Nicholas|title=A People's Art History of the United States: 250 Years of Activist Art and Artists Working in Social Justice Movements|date=2013|publisher=New Press|location=New York|isbn=978-1-59558-324-6|pages=274–278|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IXARBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA274&lpg=PA274&dq=betsy+damon+china&source=bl&ots=mZo1c0Vl_w&sig=AeYrJvWYFgx2ghfQUTUUinCNvE8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiU8dSMrv_JAhXDNz4KHSBtCJY4ChDoAQgyMAQ#v=onepage&q=betsy%20damon%20china&f=false|accessdate=28 December 2015}} 48. ^{{cite journal|last1=Rahmani|first1=Aviva|last2=Schroeder|first2=Paul C.|last3=Boudreau|first3=Paul R.|last4=Brehme|first4=Chris E.W.|last5=Boyce|first5=Andrew M|last6=Evans|first6=Alison J.|title=The Gulf of Maine Environmental Information Exchange:participation, observation, conversation|journal=Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design|date=2001|volume=28|pages=285–887|doi=10.1068/b2749t}} 49. ^{{cite web|last1=Stringfellow|first1=Kim|title=Safe As Mother's Milk: The Hanford Project (2003)|website=ACM DL|publisher=ACM Digital Library. Siggraph '03 Proceedings}} 50. ^{{cite book|last1=Moyer, ed.|first1=Twylene|last2=Harper, ed.|first2=Glenn|title=The New Earthwork: Art Action Agency|date=2011|publisher=ISC Press|location=Seattle, WA|isbn=9780295991641}} 51. ^{{cite book|last1=Bonacossa|first1=Ilaria|title=Greenwashing: Environment, Perils, Promises and Perplexities|date=2008|publisher=The Bookmakers, Fondazione Sandretto Re Rebaudengo per l'Arte|location=Tornino}} 52. ^{{cite book|last1=Gevers|first1=Ine|title=Yes Naturally: How Art Saves the World|date=2013|publisher=Niet Normaal Foundation in collaboration with the Gerneentemusuem Den Haag|location=The Hague, Amsterdam, Rotterdam}} 53. ^{{cite book|last1=Irland|first1=Basia|title=Water Library|date=2005|publisher=University of New Mexico Press|location=Albuquerque, NM|isbn=9780826336750|url=http://basiairland.com/press/Resources/Irland-2005-Quantum.pdf}} 54. ^{{cite web|title=Particle Falls, Public Art by Andrea Polli (2013)|url=https://www.sciencehistory.org/particle-falls|publisher=Science History Institute|accessdate=22 March 2018}} 55. ^{{cite book|last1=Rogers, ed.|first1=Kendal|title=Edge of Life: Forest Pathology. Art.|date=2011|publisher=Stephen F. Austin State University Press|location=Nacogdoches, Texas|isbn=978-1936205318}} 56. ^{{cite book|last1=Spaid|first1=Sue|title=Green Acres: Artists Farming Fields, Greenhouses and Abandoned Lots|year=2012|publisher=Contemporary Arts Center, Richard & Lois Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art|location=Cincinnati, OH|isbn=978-0917562822}} 57. ^{{cite web|last1=University of British Columbia, Department of Curriculum & Pedagogy|title=Don Krug, Research Interests|url=http://edcp.educ.ubc.ca/faculty-staff/don-krug/|website=UBC Faculty of Education|publisher=EDCP|accessdate=4 September 2015}} 58. ^{{cite web|last1=Neperud|first1=Ronald W.|last2=Hochman|first2=Maria|title=Environmental Design|url=http://greenmuseum.org/c/aen/Issues/envdesign.php|website=Art & Ecology: Perspectives and Issues|publisher=Greenmuseum.org|accessdate=4 September 2015}} 59. ^{{cite web|last1=Krug|first1=Don|title=Ecological Design|url=http://greenmuseum.org/c/aen/Issues/ecodesign.php|website=Art & Ecology: Perspectives and Issues|publisher=Greenmuseum.org|accessdate=4 September 2015}} 60. ^{{cite web|last1=Garber|first1=Elizabeth|title=Social Restoration|url=http://greenmuseum.org/c/aen/Issues/socrestore.php|website=Art & Ecology: Perspectives and Issues|publisher=Greenmuseum.org|accessdate=4 September 2015}} 61. ^{{cite web|last1=Krug|first1=Don|title=Ecological Restoration|url=http://greenmuseum.org/c/aen/Issues/ecorestore.php|website=Art & Ecology: Perspectives and Issues|publisher=Greenmuseum|accessdate=4 September 2015}} Bibliography
External links
5 : Art genres|Environmental art|Environmental artists|Contemporary artists|Contemporary art |
随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。