| 词条 | Edith New |
| 释义 |
| name = Edith Bessie New | image = Edith New by Peter McNairn of Hawick who died in 1923.jpg | imagesize = | caption = by Peter Nairn of Hawick | birth_name = Edith Bessie New | birth_date = 17 March 1877[1] | birth_place = Swindon, England[1] | death_date = 2 January 1951 (age 73) | death_place = Liskeard, England | known_for = First suffragette vandal}} Edith Bessie New (17 March 1877 – 2 January 1951) was an English suffragette. She was one of the first two suffragettes to use vandalism as a tactic. She and Mary Leigh were surprised to find their destruction was celebrated and they were pulled triumphantly by lines of suffragettes on their release in 1908. Early lifeShe was born Edith Bessie New at 24 North Street, Swindon. One of five children of Isabella (née Frampton 1850–1922), a music teacher, and Frederick James New, a railway clerk, who died when Edith was less than a year old when he was hit and killed by a train. By age 14, she was working as a teacher, later moving to East London in 1901.[2][3] Suffrage activismIn the early 1900s New left her teaching career and began working as an organiser and campaigner for the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU). She travelled around England speaking to groups about the women's movement. In January 1908, Edith New and Olivia Smith chained themselves to the railings of 10 Downing Street shouting "Votes for Women!" to create a diversion for their fellow suffragettes Flora Drummond and Mary Macarthur to sneak in before being arrested.[4] Later in June 1908 during a protest, New and another suffragette, Mary Leigh, broke two windows at 10 Downing Street. They were arrested and sentenced to two months in prison at Holloway.[5] It was the first time in the suffrage movement that vandalism had taken place. The women were at first concerned that other suffragettes would not approve of their actions, but Emmeline Pankhurst, a leader of the suffrage movement, visited the women in prison and gave them her approval for using vandalism as a tactic for getting their voices heard. Additional acts of vandalism and arson were planned by the women soon after.[6] During their court sentencing, the women threatened that next time they would use bombs.{{cn|date=March 2019}} When they were released from prison in August 1908, a parade was held in their honour by a delegation of suffragettes that included Christabel Pankhurst.[7] The WSPU presented Edith New with a medal in recognition of her contributions to the suffrage movement. While in prison, she had gone on hunger strike in protest for the woman's right to vote.[8][9][10] In 1909, New was pictured in Hawick addressing crowds outside the Tower Hotel. That year the WSPU and the rival NWSPU both took shops in Hawick and the police had to intervene when the crowd began to shake the speaker's carriage.[11] In 1911, New left the WSPU and moved to Lewisham to resume her teaching career.[12] Later life and legacyNew retired to the holiday community of Polperro in Cornwall[12] and died in early 1951, aged 73.[10] In 2011, a street in Swindon was renamed in her honour.[12] A blue plaque in North Street, Swindon, marks her birth place.[13] Portrayal in mediaIn the 2015 film Suffragette, a character partially based on New is portrayed by English actress Helena Bonham Carter.[14] References1. ^1 {{cite news |url=https://www.swindonadvertiser.co.uk/news/14353548.plaque-will-mark-ediths-birthplace/ |work=Swindon Advertiser |date=18 March 2016 |title=Plaque will mark Edith's birthplace |author=Amber Hicks}} {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:New, Edith}}2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.swindonheritage.com/?s=edith+new |title=Suffragettes: Edith New |website=Swindon Heritage |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125204514/http://www.swindonheritage.com/?s=edith+new |archive-date=2015-06-14 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all}} 3. ^{{Cite news |url=https://www.swindonadvertiser.co.uk/news/4669862.suffragette-jailed-for-votes-battle/ |title=Suffragette jailed for votes battle |last=Bevan |first=Frances |date=2009-10-07 |work=Swindon Advertiser |access-date=2015-06-14 |df=dmy-all}} 4. ^{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PJqIAwAAQBAJ&pg=PP30 |title=Suffragettes: How Britain’s Women Fought & Died for the Right to Vote |last=Meeres |first=Frank |date=2013-05-15 |publisher=Amberley Publishing Limited |isbn=9781445620572 |pages=30 |df=dmy-all}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.maryneal.org/object/6034/chapter/1003/ |title=Votes for Women: A Timeline |first=Lyn |last=Haill |website=Mary Neal Project |access-date=2019-03-08 }} 6. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=raoHxq0A1iwC&pg=PA12|title=Votes for Women, C.1900–28 |last=Chandler |first=Malcolm |publisher=Heinemann|year=2001|isbn=9780435327316|page=12}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.museumoflondonprints.com/image/1090684/london-news-agency-photos-ltd-mary-leigh-and-edith-new-the-first-suffragette-window-smashers|title=Mary Leigh and Edith New, the first suffragette window smashers|publisher=Museum of London|access-date=2015-06-14}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://womanandhersphere.com/2013/05/02/suffrage-stories-mrs-alice-singer-miss-edith-new-and-the-suffragette-doll|title=Suffrage Stories: Mrs Alice Singer, Miss Edith New And The Suffragette Doll|website=Woman and Her Sphere|first=Elizabeth|last=Crawford|date=2013-05-02|access-date=2019-03-08}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.historyextra.com/suffragette|title=Where history happened: the fight for women’s suffrage|website=History Extra|publisher=BBC|date=2010-06-15|access-date=2019-03-08}}{{subscription required}} 10. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.biography.com/people/edith-new-091115|title=Edith New|website=Biography.com|access-date=2019-03-08}} 11. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.hawick-news.co.uk/news/postcard-reveals-hawick-s-role-in-suffragette-fight-1-176086|title=Postcard reveals Hawick's role in suffragette fight|access-date=2018-05-16|work=Hawick News|date=2009-08-12}} 12. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.swindonheritage.com/1301edith.html |title=Edith New: Remembering Our Forgotten Heroine|website=Swindon Heritage|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922183432/http://www.swindonheritage.com/1301edith.html|archive-date=2013-09-22|dead-url=yes|access-date=2019-03-08}} 13. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.swindonadvertiser.co.uk/news/14370933.swindons-first-blue-plaque-unveiled-to-honour-suffragette-edith-new|title=Swindon's first blue plaque unveiled to honour suffragette Edith New|date=2016-03-19|work=Swindon Advertiser|access-date=2019-03-08}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=https://thedissolve.com/news/5402-teaser-for-suffragette-will-make-you-want-to-riot-|title=Teaser for Suffragette will make you want to riot in streets, hang out with Meryl Streep|date=2015-04-15|website=The Dissolve|first=Kate|last=Erbland|access-date=2019-03-08}} 9 : English feminists|English suffragists|People from Swindon|People from Highworth|1877 births|1951 deaths|English female criminals|Prisoners and detainees of England and Wales|20th-century English criminals |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。