| 词条 | Eilean Mòr, MacCormaig Isles |
| 释义 |
|Image=Chapel of St Cormac - geograph.org.uk - 1343038.jpg |ImageCaption=St Cormac's Chapel |location_map=Scotland Argyll and Bute |official_name=Eilean Mòr |caption=Eilean Mòr shown within Argyll and Bute |coordinates = {{coord|55.914477|-5.735721|display=inline}} |GridReference=NR666753 |celtic name= |norse name= |meaning of name=Big isle |area={{convert|18|ha|sqmi|2}}[1] |area rank= |highest elevation= {{convert|21|m|ft|0}} |Population=0 |population rank= |population density = |main settlement= |island group=MacCormaig Isles |local authority=Argyll and Bute |references= }}Eilean Mòr ("Big Isle") is one of the MacCormaig Isles situated near the entrance to Loch Sween in the Sound of Jura, Argyll and Bute, Scotland. Eilean Mòr is uninhabited.[2] Eilean Mòr is the largest of the MacCormaig Islands, and is a breeding ground for seabirds.[3] The island is the legendary retreat of the 7th-century Saint Cormac.[3] It has three ancient monuments on it in the care of Historic Environment Scotland: a cave, a chapel and a cross.[4] The island was bequeathed to the Scottish National Party in 1978, and it has been managed since 2000 by a charitable trust.[5] St Cormac's CaveSt Cormac's Cave is on the south end of the island.[4] The cave is around 3 metres long, 1 metre wide and 2 metres high, and contains two incised crosses on its east wall, dated by their style to around 700 AD.[4] Saint Cormac (or Cormaic, Carmaig, Charmaig) is an obscure figure; he lived at the beginning of the 7th century and he may have been a son of Cormac, King of Leinster.[6] He is the legendary founder of Keills Chapel 3.5 miles to the north on the Scottish mainland, and he is reputed to have used this cave as his hermitage.[4] The rough stone wall in front of the cave may have been a medieval structure to control pilgrim access to the cave.[4] St Cormac's ChapelThe chapel is a rectangular building measuring 11.5 x 6 m externally.[7] It was built in the 13th century, and was altered in the 14th century, when John MacDonald, 1st Lord of the Isles had the chancel upgraded.[4] It was converted into a dwelling house around 1700, and used by a tenant of Macneil of Gillchoille, the island’s owner.[4] The chapel was surrounded by a burial ground, now mostly obliterated,[7] but the headless effigy of a medieval cleric can still be seen on the south side of the chancel.[7] St Cormac's CrossBeside the chapel stands St Cormac’s Cross, believed to date from the 10th-century.[4] Legend claims that it stands at the west end of the grave of Saint Cormac.[8] Only the shaft and the lower part of the ringed cross survive.[8] It stands 1.75 metres in visible height, but was originally at least 2.8 metres tall.[8] The east face shows two wrestling beak-headed monsters with tails and prominent genitals, above which is a hooded rider astride an oversized horse, and then a large monster gripping a snake in its jaws and linked by its tail and crest to a cruciform group of four animals at the top of the shaft.[8] The decoration on the west face is damaged, but two squatting beasts can be seen with interpenetrating necks and large heads.[8] Another cross can be seen on the island's highest point, and is a replica of the late 14th-century cross erected by Mariota de Ros, wife of Donald MacDonald, 2nd Lord of the Isles.[4] The original was removed to the National Museum of Scotland in 1937.[4] References1. ^{{RLTIS}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.scottish-places.info/features/featurefirst10443.html|title=Mor, Eilean|publisher=Gazetteer for Scotland|accessdate=3 March 2019}} 3. ^1 Rob Humphreys, Donald Reid (2002), The Rough Guide to Scotland, page 416 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Eilean Mor: St Cormac's Chapel, Historic Scotland, accessed 13 May 2014 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140515002346/http://www.historic-scotland.gov.uk/index/places/propertyresults/propertydetail.htm?PropID=PL_131 |date=15 May 2014}} 5. ^The Eilean Mór MacCormick Trust, accessed 13 May 2014 6. ^Saint Carmaig and Knapdale, Celtic Knapdale, accessed 13 May 2014 7. ^1 2 Site Record for Eilean Mor, St Cormac's Chapel And Burial-Ground, RCAHMS, accessed 13 May 2014 8. ^1 2 3 4 Site Record for Eilean Mor, St Cormac's Chapel, Cross, RCAHMS, accessed 13 May 2014 External links{{Commons category|Eilean Mòr, MacCormaig Isles|Eilean Mòr}}
3 : Archaeological sites in Argyll and Bute|Historic Scotland properties in Argyll and Bute|Uninhabited islands of Argyll and Bute |
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