| 词条 | Elisa Breton |
| 释义 |
Elisa Breton (b. Viña del Mar in Chile, 25 April 1906, d. Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 5 April 2000[1]), was a French artist and writer, and the third wife of the French writer and surrealist André Breton. BiographyElisa Breton’s maiden name was Née Elisa Latte Elena Bindhoff Enet.[2] The accomplished pianist married the Chilean politician Benjamin Claro Velasco.{{Citation needed|date=February 2014}} They had a daughter, Ximena. After her divorce, she immigrated to the United States with her daughter.{{Citation needed|date=February 2014}} On 13 August 1943 during a boat trip off the coast of Massachusetts, Ximena drowned.{{Citation needed|date=February 2014}} After a suicide attempt, Elisa was joined in New York by a friend who came from Chile to support her.{{Citation needed|date=February 2014}} Elisa Breton first met André Breton, the famous leader of the Surrealist movement, in New York, in 1943.[2] They went to a French restaurant on 56th Street in Manhattan.[3] Breton lived on the same street, and frequented this restaurant. He noticed Elisa, presented himself as a French writer and asked permission to exchange a few words with her. The attraction was mutual: {{quote|Quand le sort t'a portée à ma rencontre, la plus grande ombre était en moi et je puis dire que c'est en moi que cette fenêtre s'est ouverte ("When fate has brought you to meet me, the greatest shadow was in me, and I can say that it is in me that this window has been opened.")[4]}}In the summer of 1944, they traveled in the Gaspé Peninsula in the northeast of Canada.[5]Elisa was the inspiration behind André’s book Arcane 17.[2] André discusses the death of Elisa’s daughter in the final prose quartet of Arcane 17, comparing her daughter’s death to the death and resurrection of the Egyptian god Osiris.[2] After the publication of the book, Breton dubbed the manuscript, "this book of high truancy."[3] In August 1945, for practical reasons, André Breton and Elisa Bindhoff married in Reno, Nevada. On this occasion, they visited Hopi Indian reservations.[1] They returned to France on May 25, 1946.{{Citation needed|date=February 2014}} André Breton, died in 1966.[2] Following André’s death, Elisa “sought to foster what she saw as authentic surrealist activity”.[2] However, Elisa also contributed some works to the surrealist movement during her lifetime, including Surrealist journals, Médium and L’objet an poisson, some collages, and a chapter in Le Surréalisme et la Peinture.[2] Elisa Breton was also a mainstay in the Paris Surrealist Group until the big split of 1969.[6] Elisa’s works are far and few between, as she did not like to “push herself foreword” among the group, her works were hardly exhibited and therefore not as well known in comparison to other artists in the group.[6] However, Marie Wilson, an American artist active in the Paris Surrealist Group from 1953-1960, called Elisa Breton, “The most remarkable woman in the group… a profound and marvelous woman, who contributed enormously to the evolution of surrealism”.[6] In the shadow of the theorist of surrealism, she expressed her talent by making surrealist boxes as well. Selected works
Bibliography
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://elpais.com/diario/2000/04/11/agenda/955404002_850215.html|title=Elisa Breton, esposa del escritor surrealista|language=Spanish|publisher=El País|date=2000-04-11}} {{André Breton|state=collapsed}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Breton, Elisa}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/678100732|title=Historical dictionary of surrealism|last=Keith.|first=Aspley,|date=2010|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810874992|location=Lanham|oclc=678100732}} 3. ^1 Date cited by Breton in 1945, in his dedication to Elisa in the manuscript Arcane 17. Cited by Étienne-Alain Hubert, André Breton, œuvres complètes, tome 3: notice p. 1177. 4. ^Arcane 17, p. 71. 5. ^{{Cite book|url=https://courtauld.ac.uk/research/publications/immediations/immediations-2016-volume-4-number-1/article-immediations-2016-volume-4-number-1/will-atkin-immediations-2016|title=The Poetics of Hermeticism: André Breton’s Shift Towards the Occult During the War Years|last=Clouston|first=Victoria|publisher=Oxford Brookes University [Phd Dissertation]|year=2012|isbn=|location=|pages=10}} 6. ^1 2 {{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37782914|title=Surrealist women : an international anthology|date=1998|publisher=University of Texas Press|others=Rosemont, Penelope.|isbn=029277088X|edition= 1st|location=Austin|oclc=37782914}} 6 : French artists|Women surrealist artists|1906 births|2000 deaths|People from Viña del Mar|French people of Chilean descent |
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