| 词条 | Emil Matthew Laird |
| 释义 |
|name = Emil Matthew Laird |image = |image_size = |caption = |birth_name = |birth_date = {{Birth date|1896|11|29}} |birth_place = St. Charles, Illinois |death_date = {{Death date and age|1982|12|18|1896|11|29}} |death_place = Palm Beach, Florida |death_cause = |resting_place = |resting_place_coordinates = |residence = |nationality = |ethnicity = |citizenship = |other_names = Matty Laird |known_for = Air racing |education = |alma_mater = |employer = |occupation = |home_town = |title = |salary = |networth = |height = |weight = |term = |predecessor = |successor = |party = |boards = |religion = |spouse = Elsie Laird |partner = |children = |parents = Clara, Charles Laird, Sr. |relations = Charles Laird, Jr. (brother) |signature = |website = |footnotes = }}Emil Matthew Laird (November 29, 1896 – December 18, 1982) was an American aircraft builder and pilot. He put the first commercial aircraft into production at his E. M. Laird Aviation Company.[1] BiographyHe was born on November 29, 1896. Laird's first experience with aviation was watching a chance flight up the shoreline of a Wright Model A flown by Walter Brookins while working as an office boy at the First National Bank of Chicago.[1] Laird's first contraption was a bicycle with glider wings attached that he built at the age of 15. He built an airplane of his own design in his mother's attic[2][3] and flew it on September 15, 1913, getting {{convert|10|ft|m}} off the ground.[4] Four months later, he managed to get twice as high.[4] His second creation was the 1912 Laird Baby Biplane. The 1915 biplane of his design, once flown by Katherine Stinson, is on display at the Henry Ford Museum.[5] By the age of 20, Laird was recruited by promoter Bill Pickens to demonstrate aircraft. He was paid $350 just to take off and circle a field in the early days of skeptical onlookers.[6] Laird crashed a biplane with a tail modification he had just constructed in Texas, leaving him in the hospital for nine months, and out of World War I. In 1920, Laird co-founded the E. M. Laird Aviation Company with his brother Charles Laird and investors William A. Burke and Jacob Mollendick to build an aircraft called the Swallow in Wichita.[7] Over the next four years, about 43 Swallows were built before Laird left the company in 1923 and founded the E. M. Laird Airplane Company to build commercial aircraft such as the Laird Commercial and custom designs.[10][8] Laird's racing aircraft won the Thompson Trophy race in 1930, the first Bendix Trophy race in 1931 and the 1938 and 1939 Thompson Trophy races.[10] Laird died in Palm Beach, Florida at the age of 87.[9] LegacyHe was inducted into the Kansas Aviation Hall of Fame in 1999.[10] References1. ^{{cite journal|magazine=Flying Magazine|date=September 1977|author=Ted West}} 2. ^{{cite book|title=Stearman Aircraft: A Detailed History|author=Edward H. Phillips}} 3. ^{{cite book |title=Shoestrings to the Stars: The Life Story of E.M. "Matty" Laird |last=Post |first=Joan |author2=Paul H. Poberezny |year=2000 |publisher=AuthorHouse |isbn=1587216582 |page=111 |quote=The Honore Street Bungalow. ... The old wooden sidewalk is seen as well as the two attic windows where the first Laird plane emerged.}} 4. ^1 {{cite news|newspaper=The Wichita Eagle|date=November 5, 1984|title=Laird's paper models financed real planes|author=Jean Hays |url=http://www.wingsoverkansas.com/history/article.asp?id=97}} 5. ^{{cite book|title=Henry's attic: some fascinating gifts to Henry Ford and his museum|author=Ford Richardson Bryan, Sarah Evans}} 6. ^{{cite book|title=American Aviation|author=Joe Christy and LeRoy Cook|page=13}} 7. ^{{cite news|newspaper=Wichita Beacon|date=January 31, 1920|page=1}} 8. ^{{cite news|newspaper=Wichita Eagle|page=C8|date=December 26, 1920}} 9. ^1 {{cite news|newspaper=The Palm Beach Post|title=Friends Mourn Aviation Pioneer Emil Laird|quote=Laird founded the company which built and sold the first commercial airplane. The airplane, called the Swallow ... |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1964&dat=19821222&id=E7dUAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0zsNAAAAIBAJ&pg=1351,592163|date=December 22, 1982}} 10. ^1 2 {{Cite web|title=Kansas Aviation Hall of Fame: Emil Matthew Matty Laird|url=http://www.wingsoverkansas.com/profiles/article.asp?id=124|date=November 12, 1999|accessdate=November 15, 2011}} External links
4 : American aviation businesspeople|Aviators from Illinois|1896 births|1982 deaths |
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