| 词条 | Emil Meinecke | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Emil Meinecke | image = | caption = | birth_date = 20 July 1892 | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1975|5|2|1892|7|20}} | placeofburial_label = | placeofburial = | birth_place = Mannheim, Grand Duchy of Baden, German Empire | death_place = St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada | placeofburial_coordinates = | nickname = | allegiance = Germany | branch = Aviation | serviceyears = | rank = Leutnant | unit = Flieger-Abteilung 6 | commands = | battles = | awards = Iron Cross First and Second Class, Military Karl-Friedrich Merit Order, Honor Goblet for Victory in Air Combat, Turkish Liakat Medal with Swords, Gallipoli Star, Pilot's Badge | relations = | laterwork = Longtime test pilot and mechanic for Fokker }} Lieutenant Emil Meinecke (20 July 1892 – 2 May 1975) was a German flying ace during World War I. After the war, he stayed in aviation, rising to the post of chief test pilot for Fokker. His post there ended with Germany's defeat in World War II. Meinecke then returned to his trade as an aircraft mechanic during the Berlin Airlift. He eventually became a Canadian citizen in 1950. BiographyEmil Meinecke was born in Mannheim in the Grand Duchy of Baden.[1] He apprenticed as an aircraft mechanic as a teenager, qualifying in 1910. He then worked for German pioneer aviator Karl Jatho who taught him to fly. Meinecke finally soloed in 1913.[2] Emil Meinecke joined the German military aviation effort when World War I began in 1914. When he enlisted on 20 August 1914, he had not yet completed requirements for his International Flying Certificate, but carried a letter of recommendation for pilot training from Jatho. On 25 July 1915, Meinecke qualified for his Military Pilot's Certificate. He was then assigned to Johannisthal Air Field in Berlin as a flying instructor.[3] Meinecke was posted to duty training Turkish aviation cadets in the Ottoman Empire on 1 October 1915. Then, in April 1916, he was posted to Flieger-Abteilung 6 at San Stefan as a fighter pilot[3] under Theodor Croneiss.[2][4] He scored six confirmed victories in a year and two days, starting with downing a Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2c with his Fokker Eindekker monoplane on 27 January 1917.[1] Aerial opposition to the mixed German-Turkish unit came from the Greek Air Services and the Royal Naval Air Service.[5] Honors and awardsBy war's end, Emil Meinecke had won a number of military honors. He had received the Ehrenbecher für den Sieger im Luftkampfe, or Honor Goblet for Victory in Air Combat as well as both the First and Second Class Iron Cross.[3] From his native Grand Duchy of Baden, he had received the silver medal of the Military Karl-Friedrich Merit Order Medal–awarded 24 September 1917–,[6] and a Medal for Bravery.[3] His awards from the Ottoman Empire included the Pilot's Badge, the Gallipoli Star, and the Silver Liakat Medal with Swords.[3] List of aerial victoriesSee also Aerial victory standards of World War I Confirmed victories are numbered and listed chronologically. Unconfirmed victories are denoted by "u/c" and may or may not be listed by date.
Post World War IMeinecke was discharged from military service in December 1919. He was unable to find work in Germany, so he moved to the Netherlands to work as a mechanic for Fokker. As part of his job, he accompanied airplanes being sold to the Russians, and test flew them for acceptance trials. [2]Meinecke also did considerable testing on the original Fokker S.I trainer before writing it off in an emergency landing in October 1921.[9] Circa 1925-1927, Meinecke was in Bolivia as Fokker's technical representative for the Chaco War buildup.[10] On 22 February 1929, he tested the Fokker F.XIV at Schiphol, the Netherlands.[11] He followed this up by testing the first Fokker with retractable landing gear, the tri-motored Fokker F.XX, on 3 June 1933 .[12] On 27 February 1936, Meinecke flew the maiden test flight of the Fokker DXXI from Welschap Airfield.[13][14] In 1936, he flew a replica Fokker Spider for Queen Wilhelmina at Schiphol.[2] During World War II, Meinecke remained in the Netherlands, serving as a ferry pilot and test pilot for Fokker. In one incident, on 5 May 1941, he flew as the chase plane pilot in a sortie of two Fokker G.1s; the test plane, flown by Hidde Leegstra and Piet Vos, two Dutch pilots, eluded him as they defected to England.[15] The end of the war saw him once again working as a mechanic. In 1949, he mechaniced for the 53rd Troop Carrier Squadron USAF during the Berlin Airlift. Meinecke emigrated to Canada in 1950, and became a Canadian citizen on 1 June 1956.[2] He died in St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.[1] See also
References
Endnotes1. ^1 2 3 Aerodrome website page on Meinecke Retrieved 16 February 2012. {{wwi-air}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Meinecke, Emil}}2. ^1 2 3 4 Early Aviators website page on Meinecke Retrieved 17 February 2012. 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 Vintage Aero Flying Museum webpage on Meinecke Retrieved 17 February 2012. 4. ^http://earlyaviators.com/emeinec1.htm Retrieved 17 February 2012. 5. ^Above the Lines, p. 25. 6. ^http://www.frontflieger.de/3-mkfvo.html Retrieved 20 February 2012. 7. ^http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_4NsxaqK7h8E/S3MZ4CZaAOI/AAAAAAAAC4E/zcYhQ8L_lwo/s1600-h/meineckebristol.jpg Retrieved 17 February 2012 8. ^http://flieger-album.de/blog/index.php?rs_id=view&s=203 Retrieved 20 February 2012 9. ^http://1000aircraftphotos.com/Contributions/HornDavid/9428.htm Retrieved 20 February 2012. 10. ^http://docs4.chomikuj.pl/53908128,0,0,THE-CHACO-WAR---1928-1935.pdf re: Latin American Air Wars, Hagedorn. Retrieved 20 February 2012. 11. ^http://www.dutch-aviation.nl/index5/Civil/index5-2%20F14.html Retrieved 20 February 2012. 12. ^https://www.flickr.com/photos/16118167@N04/6737508611/ Retrieved 20 February 2012. 13. ^http://www.icarusgold.com/Fokker-DXXI.htm Retrieved 20 February 2012. 14. ^http://aircraftwalkaround.hobbyvista.com/fokkerxxi/fokkerxxi.htm Retrieved 20 February 2012. 15. ^Countdown to Freedom, pp. 240-242. 8 : 1892 births|1975 deaths|People from Mannheim|German World War I flying aces|German emigrants to Canada|Recipients of the Silver Liakat Medal|Recipients of the Military Karl-Friedrich Merit Medal|People from the Grand Duchy of Baden |
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