| 词条 | Energy in Rwanda |
| 释义 |
Energy use in Rwanda is undergoing rapid change at the beginning of the 21st century. ElectricityNetworkThe extent of grid electricity is limited and mainly concentrated near Kigali. Most of the country uses firewood as its main energy source. Rwanda is planning to expand from 221 MW of grid power in 2018 to 556 MW in 2024 and may import as much some additional from neighboring countries. In addition, it is installing small solar units throughout the country to ensure electricity to buildings not connected to the national grid, or to help deal with power outages. Currently, the government plans to bring electricity access to 100% of the population by 2024, as opposed to 51% in 2019.[1] GenerationWith its limited electrical infrastructure, Rwanda has a very high degree of renewable energy usage. Most of the country's electricity comes from hydropower.[2] Electrical production accounted for 4% of energy use in the country in 2014, Hydroelectricity53% of electricity generated by hydropower. At the end of 2018, Rwanda's grid-connected power plants supplied 221.1MW.[3] Gas fired generationKivuWatt project is an energy project to extract natural gas dissolved in Lake Kivu and use the extracted gas to generate electricity.[4] In 2016, the operational 25MW power plant is able to provide enough energy for 45,000 people in Rwanda. The ongoing expansion project is expected to add 26MW of generating capacity in its first phase, and eventually scale up to 100MW in the coming years.[5]Utility scale solarThe first utility-scale solar farm in Sub-Saharan Africa outside of South Africa is the 8.5MW plant at Agahozo-Shalom Youth Village, in the Rwamagana District, Eastern Province of Rwanda. It leased {{convert|20|hectare|acre}} of land from the village which is a charity to house and educate Rwandan genocide victims. The plant uses 28,360 photovoltaic panels and produces 6% of total electrical supply of the country. The project was built with U.S., Israeli, Dutch, Norwegian, Finnish and UK funding and expertise.[6] Micro scale solarThe use of off-grid solar power has increased as solar panel prices have fallen and many areas do not expect grid connections in the near future. Solar power produces over 2% of electricity in the country. The country is in the midst of a rapid expansion of its electrical grid and many new plants are proposed or under construction. BiomassBiomass is the most important energy source utilized through firewood and agricultural waste for cooking. In 2014, this represented 85% of Rwanda's energy use.[7] Peat from peat marshes in southwestern Rwanda will power two electrical plants. The first 15MW plant is expected online in 2015 with the second, a 80MW plant, expected in 2017. Other EnergyPetroleum, mainly for transportation, represented 11% of Rwanda's power in 2014. Although Rwanda is thought to have crude oil and natural gas reserves near Lake Kivu, as of 2014, there was no production of these resources and demand was met by imports. The Kenya–Uganda–Rwanda Petroleum Products Pipeline would transport oil between these countries if it is built. See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.reg.rw/what-we-do/access|title=Electricity Access|first=Jun|last=Feng|publisher=|accessdate=1 April 2019}} 2. ^Solar power stations to supply Rwandan schools with electricity, PANA, 6 October 2011 3. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/featured-reg-steps-crackdown-electricity-theft|title=FEATURED: REG steps up crackdown on electricity theft|last=Mudingu|first=Joseph|work=The New Times Rwanda|access-date=2019-01-29}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.wartsila.com/twentyfour7/gas/killer-lake-renewable-potential|title=Killer lake's renewable potential|last=|first=|date=|website=www.wartsila.com/twentyfour7|publisher=Twentyfour7|access-date=2016-11-16}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.wartsila.com/twentyfour7/gas/killer-lake-renewable-potential|title=Killer lake's renewable potential|last=|first=|date=|website=www.wartsila.com/twentyfour7|publisher=Twentyfour7|access-date=2016-11-16}} 6. ^In Rwanda, Israelis and Americans launch East Africa’s first commercial solar field, Jeruslaem Post, February 6, 2015 7. ^Rwanda Prepares to Switch on Africa's First Peat Fired Power Plant, Reports KT Press, PRNewswire, October 24, 2014 1 : Energy in Rwanda |
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