| 词条 | Qui Nhơn | ||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Quy Nhơn | official_name = Quy Nhơn City | other_name = | native_name = Thành phố Quy Nhơn | nickname = | settlement_type = City (Class-1) | total_type = | motto = | image_skyline = View of Quy Nhon.jpg | imagesize = | image_caption = Quy Nhon | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_shield = | shield_size = | image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_type = | blank_emblem_size = | image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_caption1 = | image_dot_map = | dot_mapsize = | dot_map_caption = | dot_x = | dot_y = | pushpin_map = Vietnam | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_caption = Location of in Vietnam | pushpin_mapsize = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Vietnam}} | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = Bình Định | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | seat_type = | seat = | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = | leader_name = | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | established_title = Established city | established_date = 1986 | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 284 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | area_water_percent = | elevation_footnotes = | population_density_sq_mi = | timezone = | utc_offset = | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | blank_name = Climate | blank_info = Aw | coor_type = | coordinates = {{coord|13|46|N|109|14|E|region:VN|display=inline}} }} Quy Nhơn ({{IPA-vi|kwi ɲəːŋ|lang|Qui Nhon.ogg}}) is a coastal city in Bình Định Province in central Vietnam. It is composed of 16 wards and five communes with a total of 284 km². Quy Nhơn is the capital of Bình Định Province. As of 2009 its population was 280,535 Historically, the commercial activities of the city focused on agriculture and fishing. In recent years, however, there has been a significant shift towards service industries and tourism. There is also a substantial manufacturing sector. HistoryThe town of Quy Nhơn was officially founded in the late 18th century, although its origins stretch back much further to the 11th-century Champa culture, the Tây Sơn dynasty and the 18th century seaport of Thị Nại. During the 1620s the town was host to Portuguese Jesuits who called the place Pulo Cambi. During the Ming treasure voyages of the 15th century, the Chinese fleet led by Admiral Zheng He would always make port at Qui Nhơn in Champa as their first destination after leaving China.[2] The city is renowned as the birthplace of 18th century Vietnamese emperor Nguyễn Huệ[3] and, more recently, had a large American military presence during the Vietnam War. Today the city is recognized as a first class city with a geo-economic priority and an urbanized infrastructure. The government describes it as one of the three commercial and tourism centres of the central southern coastal region (with Đà Nẵng and Nha Trang). GeographyQuy Nhơn has a varied topography, being extremely diversified with mountains and forests, hills, fields, salt marshes, plains, lagoons, lakes, rivers, shorelines, peninsulas and islands. Its coastline is 42 km long with sandy beaches, abundant seafood resources and other natural products of economic value. The city has sixteen wards: Trần Hưng Đạo, Lê Lợi, Lê Hồng Phong, Trần Phú, Lý Thường Kiệt, Nguyễn Văn Cừ, Đống Đa, Thị Nại, Hải Cảng, Ngô Mây, Ghềnh Ráng, Quang Trung, Nhơn Bình, Nhơn Phú, Bùi Thị Xuân, and Trần Quang Diệu. It has five villages of Nhơn Lý, Nhơn Hội, Nhơn Châu, Nhơn Hải and Phước Mỹ (which was spun off from Tuy Phước District and merged into Quy Nhon city in 2006) with a total area of 284.28 km² and a population of about 284,000 people. TransportationQuy Nhơn is served by Vietnam Airlines, VietJet Air, and Jetstar Pacific through Phu Cat Airport, with flights to Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.[4] Quy Nhơn railway station could be reached by a branch off the main line of the North–South railway,[5] but this line was suspended in May 2016. Reunification express trains stop only in Diêu Trì railway station, which is around 10 km west of Quy Nhơn. EconomyQuy Nhơn is one of the main industrial centres of the South Central Coast, behind only Da Nang and Nha Trang.[6] It is also the major industrial and service centre of Bình Định Province, including its largest industrial facilities at Phu Tai Industrial Park and Nhon Hoi Economic Zone. The city's economic activities include industries, export-imports, seaport services, aquatic product husbandry and tourism. The economic trend, at present, is increasingly service-based at the expense of agriculture, forestry and pisciculture. Cereals are cultivated on 2548ha of Quy Nhơn's land with an output of 13,021 tons as of 2009, just 2% of the province's total.[7] Other crops included 10,891 tons of vegetables, 2795 tons of sugar-cane, as well as smaller amounts of coconuts, peanuts, and cashew nuts.[7] Much of the city's industry is concentrated in and around Phu Tai Industrial Park in the west of the city along National Route 1A. Quy Nhon is a major centre of garden furniture manufacturing. It has traditionally been relying on access to wood from Bình Định's forests as well as the Central Highlands provinces of Gia Lai and Kon Tum and even as far as Cambodia's Ratanakiri and Laos' Attapeu Province. Most of the furniture factories are located in Phu Tai Industrial Park. Several chemical enterprises that supply the furniture and wood processing industry have been set up in the vicinity of the industrial park.[8] Other industries in Quy Nhơn process agricultural and aquatic products, or produce construction materials and paper products.[6] Bidiphar is a pharmaceutical company headquartered in Quy Nhon that is an exception to the city's general focus on basic and wood processing industries. Nhon Hoi Economic Zone is central to the city's and province's industrial development plans. However, as of late 2010 it was still in the early stages of development, with few factories completed. Quy Nhơn has seen only limited foreign investment. As of 2008, 13 foreign companies employed 1119 people in the city.[7] Currently the economic structure of Quy Nhơn is a shift towards increasing the proportion of service industries, reducing the rate of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in GDP. The shares of agriculture, forestry and fisheries – industrial and construction – services in GDP in 2006 reached: 36.7% – 28% – 35.3% (planned: 35% – 30% – 35% in 2005 : 38.4% – 26.7% – 34.9%).
Climate{{Weather box|metric first=y |single line=y |location = Qui Nhơn |Jan high C = 26.9 |Feb high C = 28.2 |Mar high C = 29.9 |Apr high C = 31.8 |May high C = 33.8 |Jun high C = 34.4 |Jul high C = 34.6 |Aug high C = 34.8 |Sep high C = 33.0 |Oct high C = 30.4 |Nov high C = 28.1 |Dec high C = 26.5 |year high C = 31.0 |Jan mean C = 23.2 |Feb mean C = 24.0 |Mar mean C = 25.5 |Apr mean C = 27.5 |May mean C = 29.1 |Jun mean C = 29.8 |Jul mean C = 29.9 |Aug mean C = 29.9 |Sep mean C = 28.5 |Oct mean C = 26.8 |Nov mean C = 25.4 |Dec mean C = 23.8 |year mean C = 26.9 |Jan low C = 21.1 |Feb low C = 21.6 |Mar low C = 23.0 |Apr low C = 24.9 |May low C = 26.2 |Jun low C = 26.8 |Jul low C = 26.8 |Aug low C = 26.9 |Sep low C = 25.6 |Oct low C = 24.5 |Nov low C = 23.4 |Dec low C = 21.8 |year low C = 24.4 |Jan record high C = 34.6 |Jan record low C = 15.2 |Feb record high C = 37.9 |Feb record low C = 15.7 |Mar record high C = 39.8 |Mar record low C = 15.8 |Apr record high C = 42.1 |Apr record low C = 19.4 |May record high C = 41.7 |May record low C = 19.1 |Jun record high C = 41.4 |Jun record low C = 21.7 |Jul record high C = 39.7 |Jul record low C = 20.6 |Aug record high C = 39.4 |Aug record low C = 20.7 |Sep record high C = 38.9 |Sep record low C = 20.5 |Oct record high C = 34.7 |Oct record low C = 17.9 |Nov record high C = 34.6 |Nov record low C = 15.0 |Dec record high C = 33.0 |Dec record low C = 15.5 |year record high C = 42.1 |year record low C = 15.2 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 64 |Feb precipitation mm = 28 |Mar precipitation mm = 24 |Apr precipitation mm = 31 |May precipitation mm = 84 |Jun precipitation mm = 64 |Jul precipitation mm = 38 |Aug precipitation mm = 62 |Sep precipitation mm = 227 |Oct precipitation mm = 549 |Nov precipitation mm = 437 |Dec precipitation mm = 199 |year precipitation mm = 1807 |Jan precipitation days = 13.0 |Feb precipitation days = 6.0 |Mar precipitation days = 4.3 |Apr precipitation days = 4.1 |May precipitation days = 8.7 |Jun precipitation days = 7.5 |Jul precipitation days = 7.2 |Aug precipitation days = 8.6 |Sep precipitation days = 16.0 |Oct precipitation days = 20.7 |Nov precipitation days = 21.2 |Dec precipitation days = 19.1 |year precipitation days = 136.3 |Jan humidity = 80.9 |Feb humidity = 81.9 |Mar humidity = 82.7 |Apr humidity = 82.6 |May humidity = 79.7 |Jun humidity = 74.2 |Jul humidity = 71.4 |Aug humidity = 70.4 |Sep humidity = 77.9 |Oct humidity = 83.4 |Nov humidity = 83.6 |Dec humidity = 82.6 |year humidity = 79.3 |Jan sun = 162 |Feb sun = 194 |Mar sun = 251 |Apr sun = 262 |May sun = 270 |Jun sun = 243 |Jul sun = 254 |Aug sun = 234 |Sep sun = 193 |Oct sun = 169 |Nov sun = 123 |Dec sun = 115 |year sun = 2470 |source 1 = Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology[9] }} EducationQuy Nhon has two universities: Quy Nhon University and Quang Trung University. As of 2009 they had a total teaching staff of 601 and 23,383 students, 13,704 of whom were female.[7] There were 19,900 primary school students and 28,500 secondary school students.[7] Notable people
GalleryReferences1. ^ tags-->| elevation_m = | elevation_ft = | elevation_max_m = | elevation_max_ft = | elevation_min_m = | elevation_min_ft = | population_as_of = 2019| population_footnotes = | population_note = | population_total = 457,400{{cite web|title= Tổng điều tra dân số và nhà ở Việt Nam năm 2009: Kết quả toàn bộ|url=http://www.gso.gov.vn/Modules/Doc_Download.aspx?DocID=12724 |publisher=Ban chỉ đạo Tổng điều tra dân số và nhà ở trung ương |page=23}} 2. ^{{cite book | last=Dreyer | first=Edward L. | title=Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433 | year=2007 | publisher=Pearson Longman | location=New York | isbn=9780321084439 | authorlink=Edward L. Dreyer | p=52}} 3. ^Discover Vietnam {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100409072140/http://www.discover-vietnam.com/html/sightseeing_quynhon.htm |date=April 9, 2010 }} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Domestic flights in Vietnam|url=http://www.indochinatravelservice.com/flight/domestic_flights_in_vietnam.html|work=Indochina Travel Service|publisher=Dong Duong Co|accessdate=15 October 2012|language=Vietnamese, English|year=2012}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vr.com.vn/English/hientaihoatdong.html |accessdate=November 21, 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100418132723/http://www.vr.com.vn/English/hientaihoatdong.html |archivedate=April 18, 2010 }} 6. ^1 Atlat Dia li Viet Nam (Geographical Atlas of Vietnam). NXB Giao Duc, Hanoi: 2010 7. ^1 2 3 4 Bình Định Statistics Office (2010): Bình Định Statistical Yearbook 2009. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi 8. ^People's Committee Bình Định (2007): Yearbook of Information on Enterprises in Bình Định Province. Labour Publishing House, Hanoi: 162-165 9. ^{{cite web| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20180722172120/http://ibst.vn/DATA/nhyen/QCVN%2002-2009%20BXD%20So%20lieu%20tu%20nhien.pdf| archivedate = 22 July 2018| url = http://ibst.vn/DATA/nhyen/QCVN%2002-2009%20BXD%20So%20lieu%20tu%20nhien.pdf| title = Vietnam Building Code Natural Physical & Climatic Data for Construction| publisher = Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology| accessdate = 20 July 2018}} Notes{{notelist}}External links{{commons category|Quy Nhon}}
|list ={{Cities in Viet Nam}}{{Districts of South Central Coast}}{{Most populous cities in Vietnam}}{{Largest cities of Vietnam}}{{Authority control}} }}{{Authority Control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Qui Nhon}} 6 : Cities in Vietnam|District capitals in Vietnam|Districts of Binh Dinh Province|Populated places in Binh Dinh Province|Port cities in Vietnam|Provincial capitals in Vietnam |
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