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词条 ENS Gamal Abdel Nasser
释义

  1. History

  2. Aircraft

  3. Military exercises

     Cleopatra 2016 

  4. References

{{italic title|string=Gamal Abdel Nasser|all=yes}}
infobox caption=display title=none}{{Infobox ship imageShip image=Ship caption=ENS Gamal Abdel Nasser heading to Alexandria after a joint naval exercise with the French Navy, October 2016
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=titleShip country=RussiaRussia|naval}}Ship name=VladivostokShip ordered=June 2011Ship awarded=Ship builder=*STX France Chantiers de l'Atlantique shipyard, Saint-Nazaire, France
  • United Shipbuilding Corporation Baltiysky Zavod shipyard, St. Petersburg, Russia
Ship laid down=1 February 2012Ship launched=15 October 2013[1]Ship christened=Ship acquired=Ship commissioned=Ship recommissioned=Ship decommissioned=Ship in service=Ship out of service=Ship renamed=Ship reclassified=Ship refit=Ship captured=Ship struck=Ship reinstated=Ship fate=Ship status= Sea trials completed, Contract cancelledShip homeport=
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=titleShip country=EgyptEgypt|naval}}Ship name=Gamal Abdel Nasser[2]Ship owner=Ship namesake=Gamal Abdel NasserShip acquired=23 September 2015[3]Ship commissioned= 2 June 2016[4]Ship decommissioned=Ship in service=Ship fate=Ship status= In service[5]Ship homeport=Safaga, Egypt[6]622121040}}
  • Callsign: SUAJ
  • Hull number: L1010
Ship badge=Ship notes=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=Mistral|amphibious assault ship|3}}Ship displacement=*16,500 tonnes (empty)
  • 21,300 tonnes (full load)
  • 32,300 tonnes (with ballasts)
200|m|ft|abbr=on}}32|m|ft|abbr=on}}6.3|m|ft|abbr=on}}6,200|kW|abbr=on}})18.8|kn}}10800|km|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|18|kn}}
  • {{convert|19800|km|nmi}} at {{convert|15|kn}}
Ship endurance=Ship test depth=Ship boats=Ship capacity=Ship complement=Ship time to activate=Ship sensors=Ship EW=Ship armament=*4{{nbsp}}×{{nbsp}}AN/TWQ-1 Avenger mobile SAM (32 FIM-92 Stinger missiles)[7]Ship armour=Ship aircraft facilities=Helicopter deck and hangarShip aircraft=*Former Russian aircraft:
  • 8{{nbsp}}×{{nbsp}}Kamov Ka-52K attack helicopters (Naval version of Ka-52 which is under construction)
  • 4{{nbsp}}×{{nbsp}}Kamov Ka-29TB transport helicopters
  • 4{{nbsp}}×{{nbsp}}Kamov Ka-27P ASW helicopters.[8]
Ship motto=Ship nickname=Ship honours=Ship notes=
}}
ENS Gamal Abdel Nasser (L1010) is an Egyptian Navy amphibious assault ship, a type of helicopter carrier, of the French-designed {{sclass-|Mistral|amphibious assault ship|4}}. It was originally built for the Russian Navy and underwent sea trials.[9] Subsequently, the contract was cancelled by France and agreement on compensation reached with the Russian government. Egypt and France concluded the deal to acquire the two former Russian Mistral for roughly 950 million euros.[10] Egypt is the first and to date only country in Africa and the Middle East to possess a helicopter carrier.[11]

History

The Russian government placed an order for the ship in 2011. The construction of the ship would be shared between the countries with France building about 60 percent and Russia 40. Work started in France, in Saint-Nazaire, on 1 February 2012 and in the Russian Baltiysky Zavod shipyard in St. Petersburg in October 2012. Russia would send its parts to France for final assembly.[12] The ship was expected to join the Russian Navy in 2015.[13][14][15][16] The ship was launched on 15 October 2013.[17]

The ship began its first sea trials on 5 March 2014.[18][19]

Savings in construction costs were anticipated, due to the use of commercial off the shelf (COTS) parts, rather than requiring every system to be designed to military standards.[20]

The Russian acquisition of French Mistral-class amphibious assault ships was considered to be the largest defense deal between Russia and the West since World War II.[20]

The 2014 Russian military intervention in Ukraine triggered rising international criticism.[20] France was under political pressure from other nations to sanction Russia by cancelling or suspending delivery of the two Mistral-class vessels.

On 3 September 2014, French President François Hollande released an announcement that France was suspending the delivery of Vladivostok to Russia due to the ongoing War in Donbass, Ukraine.[21]

By 13 September 2014, a partial ceasefire was in place in Ukraine. This improvement in conditions in Ukraine was sufficient for French authorities to allow Vladivostok to go to sea for her acceptance trials. French Defence Ministry sources said a decision on the delivery of Vladivostok would be taken by mid-November.[22] On 25 November, it was announced that delivery of the two ships was to be postponed indefinitely. Russia threatened legal action over the postponement.[23] In August 2015 the two governments reached agreement on terms for cancelling the contract; France would keep the ships and fully reimburse Russia.[24]

On 7 August 2015, a French diplomatic source confirmed that President Hollande discussed the matter with Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi during his visit to Egypt during the inauguration of the New Suez Canal in Ismailia.[25][26] Subsequently, Egypt and France concluded the deal to acquire the two former Russian Mistral for roughly 950 million euros, including the costs of training Egyptian crews.[27][28] Speaking on RMC Radio, Jean-Yves Le Drian, French Defence Minister, said that Egypt had already paid the whole price for the helicopter carriers. [29]

On 2 June 2016, DCNS delivered the first of two helicopter carriers acquired by the Arab Republic of Egypt in October 2015, the Landing Helicopter Dock Gamal Abdel Nasser. The flag transfer ceremony took place in the presence of Egyptian and French Navies’ Chiefs of Staff, Admiral Rabie and Admiral Rogel, Hervé Guillou, chairman and chief executive officer of DCNS, Laurent Castaing, chairman and chief executive officer of STX France, and senior Egyptian and French officials. Before sailing to Alexandria, the helicopter carrier Gamal Abdel Nasser participated in a joint exercise between the Egyptian and French Navies. [30] On 16 September 2016, DCNS delivered the second of two helicopter carriers, the Landing Helicopter Dock Anwar El Sadat which also participated in a joint exercise with the French Navy before arriving at its home port of Alexandria.[31]

Aircraft

Since receiving its two Mistral-class carriers, Egypt had issued an international tender for the procurement of new maritime helicopters. The Egyptian Navy and Air Force studied several offers for helicopters to use on both carriers.[32] European and Russian manufacturers entered the bidding procedure, NHIndustries and Airbus Helicopters were reported to have offered their NH90 and Tiger helicopters, while Russian Helicopters offered its Ka-52K helicopter.[33][34][35] By May 2017, the tender had reached its final stage, Russian Helicopters stated that it would intermediary enter into pricing negotiations if the company won the tender.[36] In June 2017, Russia announced it had won the tender for providing deck helicopters Ka-52K for the Egyptian Mistral carriers. The head of the FSVTS, Dmitry Shugayev, said that pre-contract work was underway, including final agreement on the helicopter's technical concept and other financial conditions.[37] Egypt is likely to buy the same package intended for the Russian Navy, which includes Ka-52K attack helicopters and Ka-29/31 utility helicopters, before the contract was cancelled by France.[38].

Military exercises

Cleopatra 2016

In June 2016, Gamal Abdel Nasser took part in military exercises jointly conducted by the Egyptian and French navies in the Mediterranean Sea. The drills were held under the code name Cleopatra 2016 and lasted for several days, they were the first for the ship after being delivered to Egypt earlier that month. The exercises included a number of activities such as both forces planning and managing naval combat missions. [39]

{{clear}}

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://en.ria.ru/military_news/20131015/184162663/France-Floats-Out-First-Russian-Mistral-Warship.html |title=France Floats Out First Russian Mistral Warship | Defense | RIA Novosti |publisher=En.ria.ru |date=2013-10-15 |accessdate=2014-04-20}}
2. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.presseocean.fr/actualite/saint-nazaire-navires-mistral-le-nom-de-nasser-saffiche-sur-la-coque-21-04-2016-190381|title=Saint-Nazaire Navires Mistral : le nom de Nasser s'affiche sur la coque|date=22 April 2016}}
3. ^{{cite news|last1=Regan|first1=James|title=Hollande, Sissi agree on sale of Mistral warships to Egypt|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/09/23/france-egypt-mistral-idUKP6N10101B20150923|accessdate=25 September 2015|agency=Reuters|date=23 September 2015|location=Paris}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36433948|title=Egypt warship: First French-made Mistral ship handed over - BBC News|website=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-06-04}}
5. ^{{cite news |url=http://en.dcnsgroup.com/news/dcns-delivers-the-first-mistral-class-helicopter-carrier-to-the-egyptian-navy-the-lhd-gamal-abdel-nasser/|title=DCNS DELIVERS THE FIRST MISTRAL-CLASS HELICOPTER CARRIER TO THE EGYPTIAN NAVY, THE LHD GAMAL ABDEL NASSER|date=2 June 2016}}
6. ^{{cite news |url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/254484/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-Sisi-inspects-southern-naval-fleet-units-at.aspx|title=Egypt's Sisi inspects southern naval fleet units at Port Safaga|date=5 January 2017}}
7. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.janes.com/article/72282/egyptian-mistrals-using-avengers-for-air-defence|title=Egyptian Mistrals using Avengers for air defence|date=13 July 2017}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://english.ruvr.ru/2012_09_12/Russia-s-Mistrals-will-be-rapid-response-ships/ |title=Russia’s Mistrals will be rapid response ships - News - Society - The Voice of Russia: News, Breaking news, Politics, Economics, Business, Russia, International current events, Expert opinion, podcasts, Video |publisher=: |date=2012-09-12 |accessdate=2014-04-20}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.clicanoo.re/437941-mistral-sortie-en-mer-du-vladivostok-a-saint-nazaire-des-marins-russes-a-bord.html |title=Mistral : sortie en mer du "Vladivostok" à Saint-Nazaire, des marins russes à bord |publisher=clicanoo.re |date=13 September 2014 |accessdate=5 November 2014|language=fr}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34335224 |title=Egypt agrees to buy warships built for Russia from France |publisher=BBC |date= |accessdate=2015-09-23}}
11. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2016/10/08/egypt-middle-east-country-mistral-helicopter-carriers-navy-commander/|title=Egypt is only Middle East country to own Mistral helicopter carriers|date=8 October 2016}}
12. ^{{cite web|author=01.10.2012 |url=http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=16048 |title=First Mistral Laid Down at Baltiysky Zavod Shipyard |publisher=Rusnavy.com |date= |accessdate=2014-04-20}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://en.rian.ru/mlitary_news/20120201/171073369.html |title=Russian Navy to Receive Mistral Warship in 3 Years | Defense | RIA Novosti |publisher=En.rian.ru |date= |accessdate=2014-04-20}}
14. ^{{cite web|author=John Pike |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/news/russia/2011/russia-110617-rianovosti01.htm |title=Russia signs $1.7 bln deal for 2 French warships |publisher=Globalsecurity.org |date= |accessdate=2014-04-20}}
15. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=936 |title=Vladivostok, Russian Navy future Mistral class LHD, specificities and characteristics(Navy recognition) |date=17 March 2013}}
16. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.defencetalk.com/russia-moves-mistral-stern-construction-to-france-48187/ |title=Russia Moves Mistral Stern Construction to France |date=21 June 2013}}
17. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1304 |title=DCNS launch Vladivostok, Russian Navy's first Mistral class LHD(Navy recognition) |date=16 October 2013}}
18. ^{{cite web|author=News Desk |url=http://defense-update.com/20140306_vladivostok_mistral.html |title=Vladivostok - Mistral Class LHD Bound for Russia Begins Sea Trials in the Atlantic |publisher=Defense Update |date= |accessdate=2014-04-20}}
19. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/year-2014-news/september-2014-navy-naval-forces-maritime-industry-technology-security-global-news/1981-official-delivery-of-first-mistral-class-lhd-vladivostok-on-hold-until-november.html |title=Official: Delivery of First Mistral class LHD Vladivostok on hold until November |date=3 September 2014}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.defensenews.com/article/20100208/DEFSECT03/2080305/France-U-S-Discuss-Russian-Mistral-Carrier-Query |title=France, U.S. Discuss Russian Mistral Carrier Query | Defense News |publisher=defensenews.com |date= |accessdate=2014-04-20}}
21. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-29052599|title=Ukraine crisis: France halts warship delivery to Russia|accessdate=3 September 2014 | archivedate = 2014-09-14 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140914101619/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-29052599 | deadurl = no }}
22. ^{{cite news|url=http://en.itar-tass.com/world/756532|title=Mistral delivery to Russia to be approved by mid-November|work=ITAR TASS|accessdate=26 October 2014}}
23. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-30190069 |title=Russia Mistral: France halts delivery indefinitely |publisher=BBC News Online |accessdate=25 November 2014}}
24. ^{{cite news|title=Mistral warships: Russia and France agree compensation deal|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-33798102|accessdate=6 August 2015|work=BBC News|date=5 August 2015}}
25. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2015/08/07/l-egypte-et-l-arabie-saoudite-candidates-au-rachat-des-mistrals_4715520_3212.html |title=Mistral : l’Arabie saoudite et l’Egypte " sont prêtes à tout pour acheter les deux navires " |work=Le Monde |date=7 August 2015 |first=Hélène |last=Sallon |accessdate=23 September 2015}}
26. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.france24.com/en/20150807-france-mistral-warship-egypt-saudi-arabia-repurchase |title=Egypt, Saudi Arabia ‘desperate’ to purchase Mistral warships |work=france24 |date=7 August 2015}}
27. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/france-to-sell-mistral-warships-to-egypt-1443009701 |title=France to Sell Two Mistral Warships to Egypt |work=Wall Street Journal |last=Dalton |first=Matthew |date=23 September 2015 |subscription=yes}}
28. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/09/23/europe/france-egypt-warship-sale/ |title=France to sell Egypt two warships previously contracted to Russia |work=CNN |last=Cullinane |first=Susannah |last2=Martel |first2=Noisette |date=23 September 2015}}
29. ^{{cite news |url=http://sputniknews.com/europe/20160114/1033133946/french-amrs-expots-2015.html|title=French Arms Exports Reach All-Time High in 2015 |date=14 January 2016}}
30. ^{{cite news |url=http://en.dcnsgroup.com/news/dcns-delivers-the-first-mistral-class-helicopter-carrier-to-the-egyptian-navy-the-lhd-gamal-abdel-nasser/|title=DCNS DELIVERS THE FIRST MISTRAL-CLASS HELICOPTER CARRIER TO THE EGYPTIAN NAVY, THE LHD GAMAL ABDEL NASSER|date=2 June 2016}}
31. ^{{cite news |url=http://en.dcnsgroup.com/news/dcns-delivers-the-second-mistral-class-helicopter-carrier-to-the-egyptian-navy-the-lhd-anwar-el-sadat/|title=DCNS DELIVERS THE SECOND MISTRAL-CLASS HELICOPTER CARRIER TO THE EGYPTIAN NAVY, THE LHD ANWAR EL SADAT|date=16 September 2016}}
32. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2016/10/08/egypt-middle-east-country-mistral-helicopter-carriers-navy-commander/|title=Egypt is only Middle East country to own Mistral helicopter carriers|date=8 October 2016}}
33. ^{{cite news|url= https://www.aerobuzz.fr/defense/nh90-ou-ka-52k-quel-helicoptere/ |title= NH90 or KA-52K: What helicopter for the Egyptian Mistral?|date= 24 September 2015 }}
34. ^{{cite news|url= http://www.lemarin.fr/secteurs-activites/defense/25178-legypte-toujours-en-quete-des-helicopteres-pour-ses-bpc?_=1494204274947 |title= Egypt still looking for helicopters for its PCBs|date= 29 April 2016 }}
35. ^{{cite news|url= https://sputniknews.com/military/201610181046458649-egypt-russia-helicopter-mistral/ |title= Egypt Appeals to Russia for Supplies of Helicopters for Mistral Ships|date= 18 October 2016 }}
36. ^{{cite news|url= https://sputniknews.com/business/201705051053302779-egypt-russia-ka-52/ |title= Egypt's Decision on Buying Russia's Ka-52K Expected in May - Russian Helicopters|date= 5 May 2017 }}
37. ^{{cite news|url= http://tass.com/defense/952151 |title= Russia wins contest for providing deck helicopters Ka-52K for Egypt|date= 19 June 2017 }}
38. ^{{cite news|url= http://izvestia.ru/news/630736 |title= Egypt wants to buy Russian helicopters for the "Mistral"|date= 6 September 2016 }}
39. ^{{cite news |url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/News/223480.aspx|title=Egypt, France begin Cleopatra 2016 naval exercises with Mistral helicopter carrier|date=20 June 2016}}
40. ^1 2 {{cite news | url = http://casr.ca/ft-daly-opinion-french-mistral.htm| title = French Amphibious Warfare Ships for Russia? Economic Sanctions, Coincident Procurement Opportunities, and the Mistral Class LHDs| publisher = Canadian American Strategic Review| author = Stephen Daly| date = April 2014| page = | location = | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140906152920/http://casr.ca/ft-daly-opinion-french-mistral.htm| archivedate = 2014-09-06| accessdate = 2014-09-15| deadurl = No | quote = Then there is the possibility of poking Vladimir Putin in the eye by taking over ownership of the Sevastopol. }}
[40]
}}{{Mistral class amphibious assault ship}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Gamal Abdel Nasser, ENS}}

4 : 2014 ships|Ships built by Chantiers de l'Atlantique|Mistral-class amphibious assault ships|2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine
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