“Rada”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Rada

释义

Etymology
Examples

Rada is the term for "parliament" or "assembly" or some other "council" in several Slavic languages. Normally it is translated as "council". Sometimes it corresponds to "parliament", or in Soviet Union contexts, to "soviet". It also carries a meaning of advice, as in the English word "counsel".

Etymology

Old High German rāt (from Proto-Germanic *rēdaz) passed (possibly through Polish) into the Czech, Slovak, Ukrainian, Belarusian and Russian languages.

Råd in Norwegian, Danish, and Swedish, Rat in German, raati in Finnish and raad in Estonia/Dutch mean "council" or "assembly", but also "advice", as it does in East Slavic (except Russian) and West Slavic, but not South Slavic, languages.

In Swedish the verb råda (to counsel) is based on the substantive råd. This is similar to Danish råd (noun) and råde (verb).

Examples

In Belarus

Rada of the Belarusian Democratic Republic, provisional parliament of the Belarusian Democratic Republic (now in exile)
Belarusian Central Rada, the government of Belarus from 1943–44, which was established by Nazi Germany

In Czech Republic

Česká národní rada, parliament of the Czech Socialist Republic (1969–1990) and the Czech Republic (1990–1992)

In Poland

Rada Główna Opiekuńcza (Central Welfare Council)
Rada Jedności Narodowej (Council of National Unity)
Rada Polityki Pieniężnej (Monetary Policy Council)
Rada Trzech (Council of Three)

In Slovakia

Slovenská národná rada (1848–1849)
Slovenská národná rada (1941)
Slovenská národná rada (1918)
Slovenská národná rada (1920)
Slovenská národná rada (1932)
Slovenská národná rada (1939–1940)
Slovenská národná rada (1943–1960)
Slovenská národná rada (1943–1992)
Národná rada Slovenskej republiky, the parliament of the Slovak Republic (1992–)

In Ukraine

Sich Rada (Council of Zaporizhian Sich), Cossack Rada
Tsentralna Rada (Central Council), parliament of the Ukrainian People's Republic
Verkhovna Rada (Supreme Council), the parliament of Ukraine

Historically, the Verkhovna Rada was also the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (Українська Радянська Соціалістична Республіка [УРСР], Ukrayins'ka Radyans'ka Sotsialistychna Respublika [URSR]), which was itself part of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Союз Радянських Соціалістичних Республік, [СРСР]), the word rada replacing the Russian word soviet in both cases. See official names of the Soviet Union.

RadaРада

1 : Government institutions

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