| 词条 | Erythrina zeyheri |
| 释义 |
|name=Ploughbreaker |image = Erythrina zeyheri00a.jpg |image_caption = |regnum = Plantae |unranked_divisio = Angiosperms |unranked_classis = Eudicots |unranked_ordo = Rosids |ordo = Fabales |familia = Fabaceae |genus = Erythrina |species = E. zeyheri |binomial = Erythrina zeyheri |binomial_authority = Harv. |synonyms = |}} Erythrina zeyheri, commonly known as the ploughbreaker, is a deciduous, geoxylic subshrub and member of the Fabaceae, which is endemic to southern Africa. It grows no more than 60 cm tall[1] and occurs naturally in the higher altitude grasslands of South Africa's central plateau, and that of adjacent Lesotho.[2] They favour deep clay soil in the vicinity of creeks and marshes, and often form colonies.[1] Its specific name commemorates the 19th century botanist, Karl Zeyher. DescriptionIt is a geoxylic plant, sometimes called an "underground tree",[3] that produces annual stems, some 50 to 60 cm long.[4] It has glabrous, leathery, trifoliolate leaves with large leaflets. The rachis and main leaf venation, which are prominently raised below, are armed with recurved spines on both leaf surfaces.[5] The petioles and stems are likewise armed to discourage browsers. The shoots and leaves are deciduous, dying away during harsh highveld winters,[1] when the plant survives as an extensive woody, tuberous rootstock. The upright inflorescences appear in summer, with the leaves,[4] from October to January.[1] The drooping scarlet, or rarely white flowers,[5] are capped by a red calyxes. Their fruit are smooth black pods when mature, each containing a few large (1.0 to 1.7 cm long) seeds.[4] These are hard and orange-red in colour.[1][5] FoodplantIt is a foodplant for the moth Terastia margaritis.[6] GalleryReferences1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |author1=Elliot Lithudzha |author2=K Behr |title=Erythrina zeyheri |url=http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantefg/erythrinzey.htm |work=plantzafrica.com |publisher=South African National Biodiversity Institute |accessdate=19 December 2012}} 2. ^Reports of its occurrence in Botswana and Zimbabwe are suspect, see: {{cite web |title=Erythrina latissima E. Mey. (Notes) |url=http://apps.kew.org/efloras/namedetail.do?flora=fz&taxon=2156&nameid=5251 |work= Flora Zambesiaca |publisher=kew.org |accessdate=21 December 2012}} 3. ^{{cite web|last1= Barras |first1=Colin |title=Why some trees evolved to live underground|url=http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20141103-why-some-trees-live-underground |website=BBC |accessdate=27 April 2017}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite book |last1=Schmidt |first1=Ernst |last2=Lötter |first2=Mervyn |last3=McCleland |first3=Warren |title=Trees and shrubs of Mpumalanga and Kruger National Park |date=2002 |publisher=Jacana Media |location=Johannesburg |isbn=9781919777306 |page=488 }} 5. ^1 2 {{cite book |last=van Wyk|first=Braam|title=Veldgids tot die Veldblomme van die Witwatersrand en Pretoria |year=1988 |publisher=Struik |location=Cape Town |isbn=0-86977-815-3 |pages=206–207|display-authors=etal}} 6. ^{{cite web|last=Goff |first=R. |title=Terastia margaritis |url=http://www.africanmoths.com/pages/CRAMBIDAE/SPILOMELINAE/terastia%20margaritis.html |work=African Moths |accessdate=21 December 2012}} External links
3 : Geoxyles|Erythrina|Flora of South Africa |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。