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词条 Raghunath Anant Mashelkar
释义

  1. Life and work

  2. National contributions

  3. Research

  4. Controversy

  5. Awards & recognition

  6. References

{{EngvarB|date=September 2013}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2013}}{{Infobox scientist
| name = Raghunath Anant Mashelkar
| image = Ramesh Mashelkar Apr09.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Raghunath Anant Mashelkar in April 2009.
| alt = A portrait photograph of Raghunath Anant Mashelkar taken in April 2009.
| other_names = Ramesh Mashelkar
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1943|1|1}}
| birth_place = Mashel, Goa, Portuguese India (now India)
| death_date =
| death_place =
| residence = Pune
| citizenship =
| nationality = Indian
| alma_mater = Institute of Chemical Technology, erstwhile University of Mumbai
| education = Bachelor of Engineering, (B.E.), 1966; PhD, 1969
| doctoral_advisor =
| doctoral_students =
| known_for = {{unbulleted list|Intellectual Property Rights|R&D|Innovation}}
| signature =
| website = {{URL|http://www.mashelkar.com}}
| footnotes =
| honorific_suffix =
| title = Fellow of the Royal Society, Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering, Fellow of the Institution of Chemical Engineers
| ethnicity =
| field = Chemical Engineering
| work_institutions = CSIR India; Global Research Alliance; National Innovation Foundation
| awards = {{unbulleted list|Padma Vibhushan|Padma Bhushan|Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar|G.D. Birla Award for Scientific Research}}
}}Raghunath Anant Mashelkar, also known as Ramesh Mashelkar, (born on 1 January 1943) is an Indian chemical engineer and a former Director General of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR),[1] a chain of 38 publicly funded industrial research and development institutions in India. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society[2], Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering (FREng)[3], and Fellow of the Institution of Chemical Engineers (FIChemE)[4]

Life and work

Mashelkar studied at the University of Bombay's Department of Chemical Technology (now the Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai) where he obtained a Bachelor's degree in Chemical engineering in 1966, and a PhD degree in 1969. Mashelkar served as the President of Global Research Alliance, a network of publicly funded research and development institutes in the Asia-Pacific, South Africa, Europe and USA, and as Chairperson of India's National Innovation Foundation (2000-2018), and as the first Chairperson of Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR).[5] He is also the chairman of the Reliance Innovation Council formed by Reliance Industries Limited, India.[6]

Mashelkar was the President of the Indian National Science Academy from 2005 to 2007[7] and the UK Institution of Chemical Engineers (2007–08). He served for over eleven years as the director general of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, world's largest chain of publicly funded industrial R&D institutions, with thirty-eight laboratories and about 20,000 employees.[8] He is the third Indian engineer to have been elected as fellow of Royal Society (FRS), London in the twentieth century. He was elected foreign associate of the United States National Academy of Sciences in 2005, only the 8th Indian since 1863 to be selected. On 28 April 2008, he was elected as the foreign associate of Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering. He was elected foreign fellow of US National Academy of Engineering (2003), International Fellow[9] of Royal Academy of Engineering,[9] UK (1996), and Fellow of World Academy of Art & Science, USA (2000). Thirty nine universities around the world have honored him with honorary doctorates.[10]

National contributions

He was a member of the Scientific Advisory Council to the Prime Minister and also of the [https://web.archive.org/web/20070612040949/http://psa.gov.in/uniquepages/singlepage_new.asp?ID=4 Scientific Advisory Committee to the Cabinet] set up by successive governments. He chaired twelve committees established to examine a variety of issues including higher education, national fuel policy,[11] the drug regulatory system[12] and the agriculture research system.

Research

Mashelkar has made contributions in transport phenomena, particularly in thermodynamics of swelling, superswelling and shrinking polymers, modelling of polymerisation reactors, and engineering analysis of Non-Newtonian flows.[13]

Controversy

In 2005, the Indian government established a technical expert group on patent laws under the chairmanship of Mashelkar. Its purpose was to determine whether amendments made in Indian patent law were TRIPS compliant. The committee unanimously concluded that the amendments were not TRIPS compliant.

The report generated controversy when editorials published simultaneously in the Times of India[14] and The Hindu[15] alleged parts of the report had been plagiarised.

Mashelkar subsequently withdrew the report due to the alleged plagiarism,[17] admitting to flaws in the report[14][16] whilst stating, "This is the first time such a thing has happened."[17]

The controversy was raised in the Indian Parliament, with demands that the report be "trashed" and the issues be referred to a joint standing committee.[18][19] However, the government instead referred the report back to the technical expert group to reexamine and correct the inaccuracies.

The report was resubmitted after corrections in March 2009 and was accepted by the Government as such.[20] [21]

Awards & recognition

Mashelkar has received over fifty awards and honorary doctorates and is a member of numerous scientific bodies and committees.[22]

  • 1982 – Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize
  • 1991 – Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian award.[23]
  • 1996 – Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering [3]
  • 1998 – Fellow of the Royal Society. [2]
  • 2000 – Padma Bhushan, India's third highest civilian award.
  • 2003 – Foreign Fellow of US National Academy of Engineering
  • 2005 – Foreign Associate of National Academy of Science (USA)
  • 2005 – Business Week Star of Asia
  • 2008 – Foreign Fellow of Australian Technological Science and Engineering Academy
  • 2011 – Associate Foreign Member of American Academy of Arts & Sciences
  • 2013 – Gomant Vibhushan Award, the highest civilian honour of the state of Goa.[24]
  • 2014 – Padma Vibhushan, India's second highest civilian award.[25]
  • 2017 – First Indian to be elected as a Fellow of National Academy of Inventors (NAI), US
  • 2017 – Corresponding Member of Australian Academy of Sciences

References

1. ^CSIR
2. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://royalsociety.org/people/raghunath-mashelkar-11906|title=Raghunath Mashelkar|website=Royal Society|language=en-GB|accessdate=2018-07-31}}
3. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.raeng.org.uk/about-us/the-fellowship/list-of-fellows?q=mashelkar|title=Mashelkar, List of Fellows, Royal Academy of Engineering|date=|website=Royal Academy of Engineering|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=no|accessdate=}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://csir.res.in/External/Heads/aboutcsir/leaders/DG/mashelkar-bio.htm|title=Curriculum vitae|{{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927233236/http://www.csir.res.in/External/Heads/aboutcsir/leaders/DG/mashelkar-bio.htm |date=27 September 2013}}
5. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/mashelkar-appointed-1st-chairperson-of-acsir/962959/|title=Mashelkar appointed 1st chairperson of AcSIR|publisher=}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ril.com/OurCompany/Innovation.aspx|title=Reliance Innovation Council India — Raghunath Mashelkar — Mukesh Ambani — Jean-Marie Lehn — Robert Grubbs— George Whitesides — Gary Hamel — William Haseltine|publisher=}}
7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.insaindia.res.in|title=Indian National Science Academy:INSA, India Homepage|website=Indian National Science Academy|access-date=2018-07-31}}
8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.csir.res.in/csir/external/heads/aboutcsir/leaders/DG/essence.htm|title=R.A. Mashelkar, F.R.S.|accessdate=1 June 2007|publisher=Council of Scientific and Industrial Research|work=Essence|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613091110/http://www.csir.res.in/csir/external/heads/aboutcsir/leaders/DG/essence.htm|archivedate=13 June 2007|df=dmy-all}}
9. ^1 {{cite web|title=List of Fellows|url=http://www.raeng.org.uk/about-us/people-council-committees/the-fellowship/list-of-fellows}}
10. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.mashelkar.com/about/awards-and-recognitions|title=Awards and Recognitions|last=User|first=Super|work=RAMashelkar|access-date=2018-07-31|language=en-gb}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2003/roct2003/06102003/r0610200313.html|title=PIB Press Releases|publisher=}}
12. ^‘A Comprehensive Examination of Drug Regulatory Issues, including the Problem of Spurious Drugs’
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mashelkar.com/work/research-papers|title=Research Papers|publisher=}}
14. ^1 {{cite news|last=Mitta|first=Manoj|title=Mashelkar takes back report after plagiarism row|publisher=The Times of India|date=22 February 2007|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-02-22/india/27871784_1_technical-inaccuracies-mashelkar-scientific-and-industrial-research|accessdate=12 June 2007}}
15. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-opinion/First-attempt-to-dent-a-compromised-patent-system/article14719338.ece|title=First attempt to dent a compromised patent system|last=Park|first=Chan|date=12 February 2007|work=The Hindu|publisher=The Hindu|author2=Achal Prabhala|accessdate=12 June 2007}}
16. ^{{cite news|last=Sharma|first=Ravi|author2=Sara Hiddleston |title=Mashelkar committee on Patent Law withdraws report; seeks more time|publisher=The Hindu|date=22 February 2007|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/02/22/stories/2007022206751200.htm|accessdate=18 June 2007}}
17. ^1 {{cite news|last=Bagla|first=Pallava|title=‘Plagiarism' in his panel’s report, Mashelkar tells Govt to withdraw it|publisher=The Indian Express|date=22 February 2007|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/story/23941.html|accessdate=18 June 2007}}
18. ^{{cite news|last=|first=|title=Trash Mashelkar panel report on patent law: CPI-M|publisher=The Hindu|date=22 February 2007|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/002200702221340.htm|accessdate=20 June 2007 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070930201535/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/002200702221340.htm |archivedate = 30 September 2007}}
19. ^{{cite news|last=|first=|title=`Scrap Mashelkar report'|publisher=The Hindu|date=5 March 2007|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/03/05/stories/2007030505351300.htm|accessdate=20 June 2007}}
20. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.tapanray.in/the-government-of-india-accepts-the-mashelkar-committee-report-on-incremental-innovation-what-does-it-really-mean/|title=The Government of India accepts the Mashelkar Committee Report on ‘Incremental Innovation’ – what does it really mean? {{!}} PILMAN|website=www.tapanray.in|language=en-US|access-date=2018-07-31}}
21. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Companies/P4pUZLxGSXlCFai4xYNtmI/RA-Mashelkar--For-me-it8217s-national-interest-that-com.html|title=RA Mashelkar {{!}} For me, it’s national interest that comes first - Livemint|website=www.livemint.com|access-date=2018-07-31}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mashelkar.com/about/awards-and-recognitions|title=Awards and Recognitions|author=Super User|work=RAMashelkar}}
23. ^{{cite web|title=Padma Awards Directory (1954–2013)|publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf}}
24. ^{{cite web | title = R A Mashelkar conferred Gomant Vibhushan award | url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/R-A-Mashelkar-conferred-Gomant-Vibhushan-award/articleshow/20358039.cms |date=May 31, 2013| accessdate = 2014-08-16 | publisher = The Times of India}}
25. ^{{cite web | title =Padma Awards Announced |publisher=Press Information Bureau, Ministry of Home Affairs| url = http://www.pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=69364 |date=25 January 2014|accessdate = 2014-01-26}}
{{Padma Vibhushan Awards}}{{PadmaBhushanAwardRecipients 2000–09}}{{SSBPST recipients in Engineering Science}}{{FRS 1998}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Mashelkar, Raghunath Anant}}

20 : Scientists from Goa|1943 births|Living people|Indian chemical engineers|Rheologists|University of Mumbai alumni|Marathi people|Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in science & engineering|Recipients of the Padma Shri in science & engineering|Fellows of the Royal Society|Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering|People from North Goa district|Recipients of the Maharashtra Bhushan Award|Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences|Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in science & engineering|20th-century Indian chemists|20th-century Indian engineers|Engineers from Goa|Indian fluid dynamicists|Fellows of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering
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