| 词条 | Rail transport in Ireland | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|name = Ireland |color = |logo = |image = Drogheda 1.jpg |caption = An Iarnród Éireann 22000 Class DMU at Drogheda MacBride station |nationalrailway = |infrastructure = |majoroperators = Iarnród Éireann & NIR |ridership = |passkm = |freight = |length = {{convert|2733|km|mi|abbr=on}} |doublelength = |ellength = {{convert|53|km|mi|abbr=on}} |freightlength = {{convert|362|km|mi|abbr=on}} |hslength = |gauge = {{Track gauge|1,600mm|lk=on}} |hsgauge = |gauge1 = |gauge1length = |gauge2 = |gauge2length = |gauge3 = |gauge3length = |gauge4 = |gauge4length = |el = |el1 = 1500 V DC |el1length = DART in Dublin |el2 = |el2length = |el3 = |el3length = |notunnels = |tunnellength = |longesttunnel = |nobridges = |longestbridge = |nostations = 147 |highelevation = |highelat = |lowelevation = |lowelat = |map = |mapcaption = Active train lines in Ireland, with locations of major Airports and Ports in proximity to rail lines }} Rail transport in Ireland (InterCity, commuter and freight) is provided by Iarnród Éireann in the Republic of Ireland and by Northern Ireland Railways in Northern Ireland. Most routes in the Republic radiate from Dublin. Northern Ireland has suburban routes from Belfast and two main InterCity lines, to Derry and cross-border to Dublin. The accompanying map of the current railway network shows lines that are fully operational (in red), carrying freight only traffic (in black) and with dotted black lines those which have been "mothballed" (i.e. closed to traffic but potentially easy to re-open). Some airports are indicated but none are rail-connected, although Kerry Airport and Belfast City Airport are within walking distance of a railway station. Both the City of Derry Airport and Belfast International (Aldergrove) are near railway lines but not connected. Ports are marked, although few remain rail-connected. Larne Harbour, Dún Laoighaire, and Rosslare Europort are ports that are still connected. Ireland's only light rail service, the Luas, is in Dublin. No metro lines currently exist in Ireland, but there is a planned MetroLink line which would serve Dublin. History{{Main article|History of rail transport in Ireland}}The first railway in Ireland opened in 1834. At its peak in 1920, Ireland had {{convert|5600|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} of railway, now only about one third of this remains. A large area around the border area has no rail service. Ireland's first Light rail line was opened on Wednesday 30 June 2004. Rolling stockLocomotives{{main article|Diesel locomotives of Ireland|Steam locomotives of Ireland}}Diesel traction is the sole form of motive power in both the IÉ and NIR networks, apart from the electrified Howth/Malahide-Greystones (DART) suburban route in Dublin. Apart from prototypes and a small number of shunting locomotives, the first major dieselisation programme in CIÉ commenced in the early 1950s with orders for 94 locomotives of two sizes (A and C classes) from Metropolitan-Vickers which were delivered from 1955, with a further twelve (B class) locomotives from Sulzer in the late 1950s. Following poor reliability experience with the first generation diesel locomotives, in the 1960s a second dieselisation programme was undertaken with the introduction of sixty-four locomotives in three classes (121, 141 and 181) built by General Motors, of the United States. This programme, together with line closures, enabled CIÉ to re-eliminate steam traction in 1963, having previously done so on the CIÉ network prior to taking over its share of the Great Northern Railway. In parallel, NIR acquired three locomotives from Hunslet, of England, for Dublin-Belfast services. The Metropolitan-Vickers locomotives were re-engined by CIÉ in the early 1970s with General Motors engines. The third generation of diesel traction in Ireland was the acquisition of eighteen locomotives from General Motors of 2475 h.p. output, designated the 071 class, in 1976. This marked a significant improvement in the traction power available to CIÉ and enabled the acceleration of express passenger services. NIR subsequently purchased three similar locomotives for Dublin-Belfast services, which was the first alignment of traction policies by CIÉ and NIR. A fourth generation of diesels took the form of thirty-four locomotives, again from General Motors, which arrived in the early 1990s. This was a joint order by IÉ and NIR, with thirty-two locomotives for the former and two for the latter. They were again supplied by General Motors Electro-Motive Division. IÉ designated their locomotives the GM 201 class; numbered 201 to 234 (the NIR locomotives were later prefixed with an 8). These locomotives are the most powerful diesels to run in Ireland, and are of 3200 horsepower (2.5 MW), which enabled further acceleration of express services. The NIR locomotives , although shipped in NIR livery, were repainted in 'Enterprise' livery, as were six of the IÉ locomotives. The 071 class are now used on freight services. NIR's three similar locomotives are numbered 111, 112 and 113. There is seldom more than one of these serviceable at a time. Multiple units{{main article|Multiple Units of Ireland}}NIR and IÉ both run suburban services using diesel multiple units (DMUs) – these are termed railcars in Ireland (see rail terminology). Irish Rail Railcars
IÉ DMUs operate all InterCity services apart from Dublin to Cork and Dublin to Belfast (one service per week from Dublin Connolly to Belfast and back is Railcar). Irish Rail 22000 Class InterCity RailcarsThere are 234 22000 Class carriages in total, being formed into the following sets:
Features of the InterCity Railcar fleet include:
Irish Rail Commuter Railcars IÉ introduced 17 new suburban railcars in 1994 as the 2600 Class (built by Tokyu Car, Japan) for the Kildare 'Arrow' suburban service. Further additions to the fleet were made in 1997 (twenty-seven 2700 Class, Alstom built, now withdrawn), 2000 (twenty 2800 Class, Tokyu Car built) and 2003 (eighty 29000 class, CAF built). When the 29000 Class was introduced all Irish railcars were re-branded from 'Arrow' to 'Commuter'. A further nine 4-car 29000 Class trainsets arrived in 2005. NIR Railcars NIR replaced their ageing DMUs with Class 3000 and Class 4000 regional railcars built by CAF, which arrived in 2005 and 2011, respectively. Coaching stock{{main article|Coaching stock of Ireland}}Mark 4 carriagesIarnród Éireann's flagship InterCity fleet are the Mark 4. Built by CAF of Spain in 2004–2005 they are formed into 8-car sets, pushed or pulled by a Mark 4 Driving Van Trailer (DVT) and a 201 Class locomotive. Each set contains (in order):
The Mark 4 trains have blue tinted windows, which help to create a cool journey for the passenger, electronic route maps showing train progress, electronic seat reservation displays and power points for laptops, or recharging tablets, MP3 players or mobile phones. Citygold customers on this fleet have the added features of adjustable seating, greater room and comfort and in-seat audio entertainment. They are used exclusively on the Dublin to Cork route; operating an hourly service each way. The Mark 4 trains are capable of speeds of up to {{convert|125|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, but are limited to a maximum speed of {{convert|100|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} because of the line speed and the speed of the 201 class locomotives. Enterprise servicesThe Dublin to Belfast 'Enterprise' service is operated jointly by IÉ & NIR with rolling stock from De Dietrich, commissioned in 1997. Four Mark 3 Generator vans were introduced in September 2012. Until then, 201 Class locomotives were required to supply head-end power (HEP) for heating and lighting. Previous stockNIR also had a number of refurbished Class 488 carriages acquired from the Gatwick Express service and converted to run on the Irish {{RailGauge|1600mm}} gauge. These were generally referred to as 'the Gatwicks'. They were in use from 2001 until June 2009. Passenger servicesBelow is a list of all passenger routes on the island of Ireland. Please note following when examining routes 1. Services below usually, but not necessarily always, involve a change of trains. Changing points are shown in bold type. 2. Services at different times of day will serve a different subset of the stations shown below. The "stations served" lists all possible stops for any train on a given route. As an example, some services to Limerick do not involve a change at Limerick Junction, and some services to Cork may stop at Limerick Junction, Charleville and Mallow only. Republic of Ireland InterCity routesDublin to Cork{{main article|Dublin–Cork railway line}}Stations served – Dublin Heuston, Newbridge, Kildare, Portarlington, Portlaoise, Ballybrophy, Templemore, Thurles, Limerick Junction, Charleville, Mallow, Cork Kent This was known as the 'Premier Line' of the Great Southern and Western Railway (GS&WR), being one of the longest routes in the country (272 km or 170 miles), built to a high standard and connecting to Galway, Limerick, Waterford and Kerry as well as to Cork. These other destinations all have their own services, although connections are offered to/from the Cork service at Limerick Junction (for Limerick) and Mallow (for Kerry). As of 2018 the line is receiving a major upgrade. There are possessions of most sections of the line every night to carry out relaying. There are also major disruption & cancellations on most weekends. All relaying is using a much heavier rail to give a much smoother ride on trains. The new track at 60 kg, is the same that is used on the TGV in France. As the upgrading continues there are many speed restrictions which are seriously affecting punctuality of trains. As of 2018 13 out of 29 services on the route daily are delivered in 2 hours 30 mins or under. 11 trains operate the service in between 2 hours 30 mins and 2 hours 35 mins, with all services 2 hours 40 mins or less. An early morning express service from Cork to Dublin makes the non-stop journey in 2 hours 15 mins.[1] Dublin to LimerickStations served – Dublin Heuston, Sallins and Naas, Newbridge, Kildare, Monasterevin, Portarlington, Portlaoise, Ballybrophy, Templemore, Thurles, Limerick Junction, Limerick Colbert This service follows the Cork route as far as Limerick Junction. Limerick services leave the main line via a direct curve built in 1967, onto part of the former Waterford and Limerick Railway (W&LR). The former two hourly timetable operated by 22000 Class railcars was cut back in November 2009 when the number of direct trains was reduced to three from Dublin to Limerick and four from Limerick to Dublin. On Sunday there are 6 trains in each direction.The remaining Dublin-Limerick-Ennis services involve a change at 'Limerick Junction' from a Dublin-Cork or Dublin-Tralee service onto a local train for the remaining 30 minutes of the journey. Dublin to GalwayStations served – Dublin Heuston, Hazelhatch & Celbridge (peak times only), Sallins and Naas (peak times only), Newbridge, Kildare, Monasterevin, Portarlington, Tullamore, Clara, Athlone, Ballinasloe, Woodlawn, Attymon, Athenry, Oranmore and Galway Ceannt. The present route, built by the GS&WR in competition with the MGWR, leaves the Cork main line just after Portarlington. The River Shannon is crossed at Athlone. Athenry, the second last station before Galway, became a junction once again in 2010 with the reopening of the line to Limerick and will do so again if the planned reopening of the line to Tuam proceeds in accordance with Transport 21. In February 2011 planning permission was obtained for a station at Oranmore and opened 28 July 2013. All services are operated by 22000 Class railcars. As of 2018, journey times range between 2 hours 11 minutes to 2 hours 37 minutes. 14 services operate in 2 hours 20 mins or less Monday to Friday. Dublin to TraleeStations served – Dublin Heuston, Portarlington, Portlaoise, Thurles, Limerick Junction, Charleville, Mallow, Banteer, Millstreet, Rathmore, Killarney, Farranfore, Tralee Casement This relatively indirect route runs along what is in essence a branch line connected to the Cork–Dublin mainline at Mallow. Trains run to/from the south of Tralee. As of 2017 there are eight trains from Mallow to Tralee and nine trains the other way around. All services are operated by 22000 Class railcars, with the exception of the very early morning service from Tralee to Cork and some Sunday services (From Tralee to Cork via Mallow) which are operated by a 2-carriage 2600 Class Commuter set. There is 1 service a day from Dublin Heuston to Tralee in each direction Monday to Friday. On Sunday there is two trains from Heuston to Tralee and three from Tralee to Heuston. Journey times range from 3 hours 40 minutes to 3 hours 53 minutes. On this line Farranfore railway station provides a direct connection with Kerry Airport. Dublin to WaterfordStations served – Dublin Heuston, Hazelhatch, Sallins and Naas, Newbridge, Kildare, Athy, Carlow, Muine Bheag (Bagenalstown), Kilkenny MacDonagh, Thomastown, Waterford Plunkett. Since Kilkenny is a stub station, reversal is necessary. Non Passenger trains such as the DFDS Freight train from Ballina to Waterford avoid Kilkenny by using Lavistown loop which joins both lines going into Kilkenny. Some passenger trains use the loop significantly reducing the journey time. As of 2018 journey times range from 1 hour 48 minutes to 2 hours 20 minutes, depending on number of stops. Dublin to Westport/BallinaStations served – Dublin Heuston, Newbridge, Kildare, Monasteravin, Portarlington, Tullamore, Clara, Athlone, Roscommon, Castlerea, Ballyhaunis, Claremorris, Manulla Junction, (Foxford, Ballina) or (Castlebar, Westport). The line is currently served primarily by a 22000 Class DMU on Dublin – Westport. On the Manulla Junction – Ballina section a 2800 Class diesel railcar operates. There are 3 services a day from Heuston to Westport and 5 From Westport to Heuston Monday to Thursday and on Friday the 07:35 Heuston to Galway goes to Westport and the 09:08 Athlone to Westport goes to Galway and then the 17:10 Heuston to Athlone is extended to Westport and there is 5 trains from Westport to Heuston. There is also 1 service daily from Athlone to Westport Monday to Thursday. Journey times range from 3 hours 6 minutes to 3-hour 44 minutes. Dublin to Gorey/Rosslare Europort{{main article|Dublin-Rosslare railway line}}Stations served – Dublin Connolly, Tara Street, Dublin Pearse, Dún Laoghaire Mallin, Bray Daly, Greystones, Kilcoole (limited service), Wicklow, Rathdrum, Arklow, Gorey, Enniscorthy, Wexford O'Hanrahan, Rosslare Strand, Rosslare Europort. There are four end to end journeys in each direction Mondays to Fridays inclusive, the first of which from Rosslare Europort extends beyond Dublin to Dundalk. An early morning Gorey to Connolly commuter service which, on its evening return, extends to Wexford also operates. On Saturdays and Sundays there are three end to end journeys each way plus a Gorey to Dundalk Commuter service. The 16:37 Dublin Connolly to Rosslare Europort Mondays to Fridays journey offers connectional opportunities into ships to Wales and France. Some peak services also stop at Lansdowne Road station as well and some services skip Kilcoole. This service has the slowest average speed at roughly 53 kilometres per hour. Heavy rail Dublin City Centre resignallingThis increases the ability of Irish Rail to run 12 to 20 trains per hour in both directions through the Howth Junction to Grand Canal Dock line, which caters for Howth DARTs, Malahide DARTs, Northern Commuter trains, Belfast Enterprise services, Sligo InterCity and Maynooth Commuter services, as well as other services in the Connolly to Grand Canal Dock area.[2] This project began in March 2015 and the new signalling was commissioned on 17 July 2016. Dublin to SligoStations served – Dublin Connolly, Drumcondra (peak times only), Maynooth, Kilcock, Enfield, Mullingar, Edgeworthstown, Longford, Dromod, Carrick-on-Shannon, Boyle, Ballymote, Collooney, Sligo McDiarmada. All services are operated by 22000 Class railcars with a service every 2 hours until 7 pm. The first Sunday service from Dublin is operated by 29000 Class railcars. This returns from Sligo at 6 pm. Only peak services call at Drumcondra Cork to TraleeStations served – Cork Kent, Mallow, Banteer, Millstreet, Rathmore, Killarney, Farranfore, Tralee Casement This is a three times daily service with two trains departing in the morning and one in the evening. The service is run by a 22000 Class. Farranfore railway station connects with Kerry Airport. Limerick to Waterford{{Main article|Limerick–Rosslare railway line}}Stations served – Limerick Junction, Tipperary, Cahir, Clonmel, Carrick-on-Suir and Waterford Plunkett. The Limerick–Waterford route is the only true non-radial (from Dublin) route still open in Ireland that is not a branch line. The route was commenced in 1848 by the Waterford & Limerick Railway and completed in 1854. Current timetabling requires passengers travelling from Limerick to Waterford to take two trains, transferring at Limerick Junction. As of January 2013 there are two services from Monday to Saturday between Waterford and Limerick Junction and the same number returning with no service on. While stated line speed is 50 mph the service is operated to a timetable reflecting 40 mph limits. Delays between the Limerick and Waterford section services can be lengthy resulting in end-to-end journey times between the cities of 2.5 hours on a journey of 76.5 track miles. Limerick–Ennis–GalwayStations served – Limerick Colbert, Sixmilebridge, Ennis, Gort, Ardrahan, Craughwell, Athenry, Oranmore and Galway Ceannt. This service started 30 March 2010 with the reopening of the Ennis–Athenry line. Direct trains now travel from Limerick to Galway with the Ennis commuter services have been subsumed into these. All of the new stations are unstaffed. Gort has two platforms with lifts, bridges, ticket machines and a loop while Sixmilebridge, Ardrahan and Craughwell have just one platform each. In Gort the signal cabin has been restored and relocated and there is a small depot for permanent way crew. This reopening was the Phase One of the reopening of the Western Rail Corridor. It involved the relaying of 58 km of track, rebuilding bridges, installation of signalling systems, level crossing upgrades and building the stations. The journey time between Limerick and Galway is just under 2 hours and there are 5 trains each way daily. The line has seen massive growth, with the Irish Times reporting that from 2013 to 2014, "the western rail corridor saw a 72.5 per cent increase from 29,000 to 50,000 journeys through the Ennis- Athenry section of the line.", which was partly attributed to the introduction of online booking and promotional fares.[3] Republic of Ireland Commuter routesDublin Suburban Rail{{main article|Dublin Suburban Rail}}
Mallow to Cork{{Main article|Cork Suburban Rail}}Cobh to Cork{{Main article|Cork Suburban Rail}}Midleton to Cork{{Main article|Cork Suburban Rail}}Galway to Athenry{{Main article|Galway Suburban Rail}}Limerick to Ennis{{Main article|Limerick Suburban Rail}}Stations served – Limerick Colbert, Sixmilebridge, Ennis Limerick to Nenagh and Ballybrophy{{Main article|Limerick-Ballybrophy railway line}}Stations served – Limerick Colbert, Castleconnell, Birdhill, Nenagh, Cloughjordan, Roscrea, Ballybrophy The line branches from the Waterford line just outside Limerick at Killonan Junction. All trains on this line connect with Dublin trains at Ballybrophy. Current services on the line consist of two return passenger trains a day from Limerick. Following a campaign by The Nenagh Rail Partnership founded by local politicians and community representatives and assisted by the Internet news group Irish Railway News, a market research survey was funded by local Government. The market research was carried out in the summer of 2005 and showed there existed a market for improved services on the line. As a result of this study IÉ has committed to allocating additional rolling stock to the line as part of its ongoing fleet replacement programme. This line is subject to many speed restrictions due to the need to replace several old sections of track. In October 2007, following a meeting between Iarnród Éireann management and The Nenagh Rail Partnership, it was confirmed that the new commuter service will be introduced between Nenagh and Limerick on Monday 1 September 2008. This was launched as planned on Monday 1 September 2008. Closure of Ballybrophy–Roscrea–Nenagh–Limerick line proposedA January 2012 national newspaper article suggested that Irish Rail is expected to seek permission in the near future from the National Transport Authority to close the line.[4] But the announcement on 20 February 2012 of an enhanced timetable for the line means that a decision to close has been deferred pending the outcome of the service upgrade.[5] Waterford to Rosslare (closed)Stations Served:Waterford Plunkett, Campile, Ballycullane, Wellingtonbridge, Bridgetown, Rosslare Strand, Rosslare Europort. There was a single service each way on the Waterford-Rosslare stretch, operated by 2700 Class railcars taking just over 1 hour. The original purpose of the service, providing a railway link to the cities of Waterford, Limerick (and Cork via Limerick Junction) was compromised in the end by poor connections to other services from Waterford. The service closed for passenger services on Saturday 18 September 2010. Replacement transport consists of a revised schedule and routings on the existing Bus Éireann route 370.[6] Buses on the route are branded "370 Connect", to Waterford Bus Station which is a 5-minute walk from Waterford Railway Station. The line is still open for stock transfers. 22000 Class and 29000 Class DMUs operated on the line on Saturday 5 November 2011. The annual weed sprayer train is still running as of 2015. Northern Ireland routes{{Main article|NI Railways}}Services in Northern Ireland are sparse in comparison to the Republic or other countries. A large railway network was severely curtailed in the 1950s and 1960s (in particular by the Ulster Transport Authority). The current situation includes suburban services to Larne, Newry and Bangor, as well as services to Derry. There is also a branch from Coleraine to Portrush. Belfast suburban{{main article|Belfast Suburban Rail}}Three suburban routes run on 20-minute frequencies in and out of Belfast Great Victoria Street railway station, these routes then pass through Belfast Central railway station before continuing onto destinations at Bangor, Derry, Larne and Newry. Belfast to Derry{{main article|Belfast–Derry railway line}}Stations served: Great Victoria Street, City Hospital, Botanic, Belfast Central, Yorkgate (partial service), Whiteabbey (partial service), Mossley West, Antrim, Ballymena, Cullybackey, Ballymoney, Coleraine, Castlerock, Bellarena, Derry. The service to Derry has suffered greatly from a lack of funding over recent decades. The existing line is not continuously welded and has speed restrictions in parts. For some time the threat of closure hung over this route but its future was assured in December 2005 with a funding package of some £20 million. The same month saw the introduction of the new CAF railcars on the line and despite the fact that the service remained slower than the Derry-Belfast Ulsterbus service, the improvements saw a rise in passenger numbers to over 1 million per annum. However, these optimistic signs that the line would be retained and possibly upgraded rather than wound down, suffered a blow in 2007 when it was revealed that the £20 million earmarked had not been spent while there had been a £20 million overspend on the Belfast-Bangor line.[7] While the "Into the West"[8] rail lobby group had proposed extending the line cross border into County Donegal to Letterkenny and then on to Sligo thus releasing EU funding[9] Currently, the Department has put a plan in place for Regional Development, for relaying of the track between Derry and Coleraine by 2013, which will include a passing loop, and the introduction of two new train sets. The £86 million plan will reduce the journey time between Belfast and Derry by 30 minutes and allow commuter trains to arrive in Derry before 0900 for the first time. There are also calls{{By whom|date=January 2012}} for Train halts to be located at Limavady, Ballykelly and possibly Eglinton. Daithí McKay MLA has called for a halt to be reopened at Dunloy between Ballymena and Ballymoney. Coleraine to PortrushStations served: Coleraine, University of Ulster, Dhu Varren, Portrush. Belfast to Larne Harbour{{main article|Belfast–Larne railway line}}Stations – Belfast Great Victoria Street, City Hospital, Botanic, Belfast Central, Yorkgate, Whiteabbey, Jordanstown, Greenisland, Trooperslane, Clipperstown, Carrickfergus, Downshire, Whitehead, Ballycarry, Magheramorne, Glynn, Larne Town, Larne Harbour. Cross-border routesBelfast–Dublin and Dublin–Belfast{{main article|Enterprise (train service)}}Stations served – Belfast Central, Lisburn, Portadown, Newry, Dundalk Clarke, Drogheda MacBride, Dublin Connolly This cross border service, named Enterprise, is jointly owned and run by Northern Ireland Railways and IÉ. Despite having some of the most modern InterCity rolling stock on the island, it has been dogged by numerous problems. An historical problem on this route has been disruption to services caused by security alerts (devices on the line, hoax devices, threats and warnings). These continue to the present day. The punctuality on this service remains poor for other reasons. The InterCity route, despite being mostly high quality continuous welded rail, is shared with suburban services outside both Belfast and Dublin. A further problem was due to the locomotive and rolling stock arrangements. Unlike most other locomotive-hauled rolling stock in Ireland, generator vans were not part of the train – even the DVTs did not supply power. Thus the General Motors-built locomotives had to supply head-end power for lighting and heating throughout the train. Although many types of locomotive are well designed for this purpose, these particular locomotives had struggled under the extra strain. The wear on the locomotives and time out of service were unusually high. On at least two occasions locomotives had burst into flames while shuttling along the route. To avoid further damage, four Mark 3 Generator Vans entered service in September 2012. A more recent problem was the collapse of the Malahide Viaduct,[10] which temporarily stopped all Enterprise services from Dublin to Belfast for 3 months in 2009. The viaduct was repaired and the line re-opened in November 2009.[11] Following the extension of platform 2 to accommodate the longer Enterprise, Lisburn has recently been added as an additional stop on some services. Freight{{Main articles|Freight stock of Ireland}}The following Freight services operate in Ireland :
Rail freight has been in a major decline in Ireland for the past 10 years.
Major freight services lost includes
Other losses included: Liners, Fertilisers, Grain, Tar, Scrap Metal, Molasses and Coal. The last bulk cement flow to operate in Ireland (Castlemungret – Waterford) ended in December 2009 along with the Kilmastulla Quarry – Castlemungret Shale traffic, despite making profits in the region of €1.3 million in 2006. Recent development show a continuing interest in at least limited freight traffic, with an agreement being struck with Coillte to increase timber trains from Ballina to Belview from three to four weekly. This may reflect the failure of the railway to dispose of its surplus Class 201 locomotives made surplus by the retirement of the Mark 3 coach fleet. Bord na Móna operates an extensive {{convert|1930|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} narrow-gauge railway. This is one of the largest industrial rail networks in Europe and is completely separate from Ireland's passenger rail system operated by Iarnród Éireann. It is used to transport peat from harvesting plots to processing plants and power stations of the Electricity Supply Board. Heritage railways{{Main articles|List of heritage railways in the Republic of Ireland|List of heritage railways in Northern Ireland}}Ireland has a small (relative to Great Britain) but thriving heritage railway scene. Several groups exist, mostly small affairs ran by individuals, though several larger groups exist. There are a couple of railtour-operating groups, one 5'3'' self-contained railway, and a large number of 3' museums. Established groups
Private efforts
Many more examples of grounded carriages and wagons can be found across the country on private residences, usually in use as sheds or accommodation. In addition, many examples of Irish rolling stock survives in museums in England, Wales, and the US. Former heritage railways
FutureRoutesWestern Rail CorridorThe first stage of the reopening of the Western Rail Corridor, between Ennis and Athenry, was completed in 2009. The remaining stages, from Athenry to Tuam, Claremorris and Collooney, remain to be started. Heavy rail to NavanIarnród Éireann had proposed extending existing commuter services to M3 Parkway railway station to Navan with the following stations : Dunshaughlin, Kilmessan, Navan town centre and a further station on the northern edge of Navan – Navan North.[13] DART and DART Underground{{Main article|DART Underground}}A proposed tunnel, connecting Heuston Station and Pearse Station, is referred to as the DART Underground, but not planned to be operational until sometime "after 2030".[14] As part of this, the existing DART network would be expanded to Balbriggan (or even Drogheda), Maynooth and Hazelhatch. In February 2018 it was proposed that the DART Underground may be cancelled in favour of extending the DART through the Phoenix Park Tunnel to Heuston, but the DART Underground has most likely just been delayed. Dublin Metro{{Main article|Dublin Metro}}MetroLink is proposed to run from Estuary on Dublin's northside to Sandyford via Dublin Airport and St. Stephen's Green. Its route proposes mainly elevated tracks in the Swords area, with two deep bore tunnels running from north of Dublin Airport to Charlemont. Construction on the line is scheduled to begin in 2021, and the line is scheduled to open in 2027.[15]LUASThere has been, at various points, plans or proposals to extend the LUAS to Swords, Dublin Airport, Lucan, Bray, and Old Fassaroe. There have also been proposals to create a Luas system in Cork City. These first date from when the Fianna Fáil government first considered the proposal in 2007 at the urging of coalition partners, the Green Party. They were abandoned after the recession began later in the year. Plans were revisited by the Cork City Council in 2017, and were also considered once more as part of the Fine Gael government's Ireland 2040 proposals. Northern Ireland RailwaysGenerally{{vague|date=February 2018}} there is potential to reopen railway lines in Northern Ireland.[16] These include:
The reopening of the third line between Great Victoria Street and Adelaide may be tied into the future Belfast Transport Hub. Downpatrick and Co. Down RailwaySubject to land acquisition and funding, the Downpatrick and County Down Railway has plans to extend its network to Ballydugan, Downpatrick Racecourse, and the Saint Patrick's Centre. West Clare RailwayFollowing the granting of planning permission, the West Clare Railway is to build a new museum to house its own collection and that of the Irish Traction Group, as well as an eventual 6km of dual gauge (5'3'' and 3') track from Moyasta to Kilrush. StationsNew stationsNumerous calls to open or reopen stations on existing lines have been made. Of the proposals, the most tangible are Kishoge, which is structurally complete but yet to be opened, and Lisburn West, which is under construction. Monard, Dunkettle, and Kilbarry on the Cork Suburban network were cancelled due to the Post-2008 Irish economic downturn. There were calls for a station to serve Croke Park but these have not progressed since 2008. Equally unsuccessful proposals exist for stations at Dunleer, Tillysburn and Templepatrick. A station at Donegall Quay in Belfast to serve the new Ulster University campus could be incorporated into the potential doubling of the Dargan Bridge. In February 2018 the Irish Independent reported the National Transport Authority favoured building four new DART stations along the line to Heuston, including Cabra, Glasnevin, the Docklands and Woodbrook.[18] Refurbished stationsTranslink are currently building new transport hubs in both Belfast and Derry. The Belfast Transport Hub will have eight platforms, and allow the existing Great Victoria Street station to close. The Enterprise will move here from Belfast Central. The Derry Hub, meanwhile, will be inside the historic Belfast and Northern Counties Railway station, the original terminus of the line. Plans also exist for station refurbishments at Lurgan, Adelaide, Yorkgate, Ballymena and Portrush. A refurbishment of Belfast Central went underway, with the station renamed ''Lanyon Place'' in September 2018. Rolling stock201 ClassThere are plans to bring the mothballed 201 Class locomotives back into service as part of a fleet-wide re-engining programme. This will include all 34 (12 Stored and 22 active) members of the class. New DART stockIt is expected that Irish Rail will place an order for new DART stock which will be capable of running off diesel or electric.[19] 8200 ClassIrish Rail is considering reintroducing the 8200 Class DART units as locomotive-hauled stock. 2700 ClassIn 2017 increasing demand led Iarnród Éireann to issue tenders for the refurbishment of 10 2700 class sets, which had been held in storage for six-year with the intention of planned use around Limerick from early 2019. The displaced trains are intended for use in the Greater Dublin Area.[20] 3000 ClassA refurbishment and repaint of the 3000 Class is due to begin before the end of 2018. ''New Trains Three''NI Railways has plans to invest in a third wave of new trains to meet growing demand.[21] 80 ClassA campaign is underway to preserve four 80 Class vehicles at the Downpatrick and County Down Railway, with hopes of bringing them to the heritage railway by the end of 2018.[22] Lady EdithOne of the two Cavan and Leitrim Railway steam locomotives, No. 3 ''Lady Edith'', is currently at the New Jersey Museum of Transportation. However, the West Clare Railway is in the process of repatriating it.[23] OtherTranslink Future Ticketing SystemThe Translink Future Ticketing System is expected to be implemented in September 2018, bringing integrated ticketing and platform barriers to NIR.[24] New freight flowsLonger container and pulpwood trains (440 m and 390 m, respectively) are expected to be rolled out across the network in the near future. There is also potential for a new biomass flow between Ballina and Dublin. See also{{colbegin}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.irishrail.ie/cat_news.jsp?i=4758&ci=5&p=116&n=133&date_from=2013-01-01&date_to=2100-01-01|title=New Rail Timetable for 2013– Iarnród Éireann |publisher=Irishrail.ie |date=15 January 2013}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.irishrail.ie/about-us/city-centre-resignalling|title= Investment in Iarnród Éireann |publisher=irishrail.ie |date= 31 January 2015}} 3. ^Irish Times Iarnród Éireann passenger numbers up by 1 million 4. ^{{cite web|author=Seán McCárthaigh |url=http://www.examiner.ie/ireland/iarnrod-eireann-may-close-rail-service-amid-falling-demand-178779.html |title=Iarnród Éireann may close rail service amid falling demand |publisher=Examiner.ie |date=2 January 2012 |accessdate=24 August 2012}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.irishrail.ie/cat_news.jsp?i=4483&p=116&n=237 |title=Nenagh, Limerick and Commuter service improvements – REVISED SCHEDULE, FROM 20TH MARCH – Iarnród Éireann |publisher=Irishrail.ie |date=16 March 2012 |accessdate=24 August 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112090532/http://www.irishrail.ie/cat_news.jsp?i=4483&p=116&n=237 |archivedate=12 November 2013 |df= }} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.buseireann.ie/pdf/1284376415-370.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=23 April 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111220180910/http://www.buseireann.ie/pdf/1284376415-370.pdf |archivedate=20 December 2011 |df= }} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/6477643.stm |title=Belfast-Bangor line |work=BBC News|date=22 March 2007 |accessdate=24 August 2012}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.intothewestrail.com/wiki/pmwiki.php |title=Into the West |publisher=Intothewestrail.com |accessdate=24 August 2012 }}{{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 9. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20070809045318/http://socialistenvironmentalalliance.org/cgi-bin/sea/aaSeaStatements/sea0605111_eu_rail_funding.pl EU funding] 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/2009/0821/rail.html |title=Bridge on Dublin-Belfast Line Collapses |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann |date=21 August 2009 |accessdate=24 August 2012}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/2009/1116/rail.html |title=Dublin-Belfast Rail ReOpens |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann |accessdate=24 August 2012}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0610/D.0610.200511240020.html |title=Historical debates |publisher=Historical-debates.oireachtas.ie |accessdate=24 August 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204043727/http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0610/D.0610.200511240020.html |archivedate=4 February 2012 }} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.irishrail.ie/about-us/navan-railway-line|title= Investment in Iarnród Éireann |publisher=Irish Rail |date= 31 January 2015}} 14. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.thejournal.ie/dart-underground-dublin-delays-2-3609701-Sep2017/ | publisher = TheJournal | title = 'We won't let go': Irish Rail is convinced the long-delayed Dart Underground will go ahead | date = 21 September 2017 }} 15. ^[https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/news/revealed-preferred-route-for-3bn-metrolink-from-city-centre-to-dublin-airport-unveiled-36732780.html]. independent.ie (22 March 2018). Retrieved 30 March 2018. 16. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/europe/new-lines-proposed-in-northern-ireland-rail-strategy.html|title= New lines proposed in Northern Ireland rail plan |publisher=railjournal.com | date= 3 May 2014}} 17. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/europe/new-lines-proposed-in-northern-ireland-rail-strategy.html|title=New lines proposed in Northern Ireland rail plan|last=Barrow|first=Keith|access-date=8 April 2018}} 18. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/new-dart-plan-backs-away-from-underground-route-36638480.html|title=New Dart plan backs away from underground route |work=The Irish Independent|access-date=8 April 2018}} 19. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.railjournal.com/index.php/rolling-stock/irish-rail-plans-bi-mode-train-order-for-dart-expansion.html|title=Irish Rail plans bi-mode train order for Dart expansion|last=Barrow|first=Keith|access-date=8 April 2018}} 20. ^{{cite news|title=Iarnród Éireann to refurbish 28 carriages after six years out of service|url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/breakingnews/business/iarnrod-eireann-to-refurbish-28-carriages-after-six-years-out-of-service-799559.html|date=26 July 2018|access-date=9 September 2018|work=Irish Examiner}} 21. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.translink.co.uk/Services/NI-Railways/also-on-ni-railways/ni-railways-50th-anniversary/|title=NI Railways 50th Anniversary – Translink|last=Translink|website=translink.co.uk|access-date=8 April 2018}} 22. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.downrail.co.uk/donate/dcdr80class/|title=Save an 80 class! {{!}} Downpatrick & County Down Railway|website=www.downrail.co.uk|access-date=8 April 2018}} 23. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressreader.com/uk/steam-railway-uk/20170421/281883003212770|title=PressReader.com – Connecting People Through News|website=pressreader.com|access-date=8 April 2018}} 24. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.translink.co.uk/also-on-our-site/translink-future-ticketing-system/|title=Translink Future Ticketing System – Translink|last=Translink|website=translink.co.uk|access-date=8 April 2018}} External links{{Wikivoyage|Rail travel in Ireland}}{{commonscat|Rail transport in Ireland}}
3 : Rail transport in Ireland|Rail transport in Northern Ireland|Rail transport in the Republic of Ireland |
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