| 词条 | European Privacy Association |
| 释义 |
The European Privacy Association (EPA) is a Brussels-based lobbying group, founded in 2009.[1] Its stated goal is "to enhance data protection and Internet freedom as fundamental principles of democracy."[1] {{As of|2013}}, Karin Riis-Jørgensen is chairwoman of the EPA.[2] Former EP member Pat Cox is among its founders.[1]EU lobbying watchdog Corporate Europe Observatory (CEO) has asserted that EPA "is working to represent industry interests in the debate on data protection in Europe" and "to promote industry-friendly legislation" as a front group for the IT industry.[3] It has been called an example of an astroturfing organisation that "disguises as an independent thinktank".[4] EPA's Policy and Scientific Committee director, Paolo Balboni, has denied the astroturfing allegation in a letter to the editor of the Financial Times.[5]In 2013, CEO filed a complaint against EPA because the association had not listed any corporate sponsors in the EU Transparency Register, claiming that it had only ten natural persons as members; EPA then admitted that Microsoft, Google and Yahoo are among its members.[3][6] According to EPA, the Transparency Register closed the case in June 2013.[7] The organisation changed its status in the Transparency Register from "Think-tank" to the "Trade, business & professional associations", because a think-tank is not allowed to have corporate members.[8] ResearchEPA members have published a number of scientific papers in international law journals.[9] Privacy by Design & Anonymisation Techniques in Action: Case Study of Ma3tch TechnologyBalboni, P. & Macenaite, M. (2013) Privacy by design and anonymisation techniques in action: case study of Ma3tch technology, Computer Law & Security Review: The International Journal of Technology Law and Practice 29 (2013), pp. 330–340. Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) Activities in the Cloud Environment: A European Legal Perspective. Balboni, P., & Pelino, E. (2013). Law enforcement agencies' activities in the cloud environment: a European legal perspective. Information & Communications Technology Law, 22(2), 165-‐190. doi: 10.1080/13600834.2013.821812 Legitimate Interest of the Data Controller New Data Protection ParadigmLegitimacy Grounded on Appropriate Protection* Paolo Balboni; Daniel Cooper; Rosario Imperiali; Milda Macenaite. International Data Privacy Law 2013; doi: 10.1093/idpl/ipt019 See also
References1. ^{{cite web |title=Mission |website=European Privacy Association - EPA |url=http://www.europeanprivacyassociation.eu/about_mission.php |accessdate=10 August 2013}} 2. ^{{cite web |title=Executive Board |website=European Privacy Association - EPA |url=http://www.europeanprivacyassociation.eu/people_executive.php |accessdate=10 August 2013}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web |title=Google, Microsoft, and Yahoo are secret backers behind European Privacy Association |website=PCWorld |date=20 May 2013 |accessdate=10 August 2013 |url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/2039249/google-microsoft-and-yahoo-are-secret-backers-behind-european-privacy-association.html}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=https://decorrespondent.nl/147/hoe-een-machtige-lobby-onze-privacy-onder-druk-zet/8234488416-2a0e5caf |title=Hoe een machtige lobby onze privacy onder druk zet |author=Tomas Vanheste |website=De Correspondent |date=October 10, 2013 |accessdate=October 11, 2013|language=nl}} 5. ^{{cite news |author=Paolo Balboni |newspaper=Financial Times |title=‘Astroturfing’ does not describe EPA |date=1 July 2013 |url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0858bf16-e01e-11e2-bf9d-00144feab7de}} 6. ^{{cite news |author=James Fontanella-Khan |title=Brussels: Astroturfing takes root |newspaper=Financial Times |date=June 26, 2013 |url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/74271926-dd9f-11e2-a756-00144feab7de.html}} 7. ^{{cite web |title=Agenda |website=European Privacy Association - EPA |url=http://www.europeanprivacyassociation.eu/agenda_news.php?function=read&id=163}} 8. ^http://www.europeanprivacyassociation.eu/agenda_news.php?function=read&id=165 9. ^http://www.europeanprivacyassociation.eu/agenda_papers.php 1 : Cross-European advocacy groups |
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