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词条 Ram Gopal Varma
释义

  1. Early years

  2. International acclaim

     Film craft and style  Experimental films 

  3. Mainstream

  4. Non-film work

     Television  Biographies  Web Series 

  5. Awards and nominations

     National Film Awards  Nandi Awards  Filmfare Awards  Filmfare Awards South  Bimal Roy Memorial National Awards  IIFA Awards  Bollywood Movie Awards  Zee Cine Awards  Screen Awards  Stardust Awards  Other awards 

  6. Filmography

  7. References

  8. External links

{{Hatnote|This is a Telugu name; the family name is Penmetsa.}}{{EngvarB|date=September 2013}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2013}}{{Infobox person
| name = Ram Gopal Varma
| image = RamGopalVarma.jpg
| caption = Ram Gopal Varma in September 2012
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1962|04|07}}
| birth_place = Andhra Pradesh , India
| nationality = Indian
| alma_mater = Velagapudi Ramakrishna Siddhartha Engineering College, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh
| occupation = Director and Producer
| spouse =
| children = Revathi Varma (Daughter)[1][2]
| parents =
| relatives = Madhu Mantena (cousin)
| website =
| birthname = Penmetsa Ram Gopal Varma
| yearsactive = 1989–present
}}Ram Gopal Varma is an Indian film director, screenwriter and producer, known for his works in Telugu cinema, Kannada cinema, Bollywood, and Television.[3][4][5][6] Varma directed films across multiple genres, including parallel cinema and docudrama noted for their gritty realism, technical finesse, and craft.[7][8][9][10] Regarded as one of the pioneers of new age Indian cinema,[11][12][13][14] Varma garnered the National Film Award for scripting the political crime drama, Shool (1999).[15]

In 2004, he was featured in the BBC World series Bollywood Bosses.[16][17] In 2006, Grady Hendrix of Film Comment, published by the Film Society of Lincoln Center cited Varma as "Bombay’s Most Successful Maverick" for his works on experimental films.[18][19][12][13][14]

Varma is known for presenting the Indian Political Trilogy, and the Indian Gangster Trilogy; film critic Rajeev Masand had labeled the series as one of the "most exceptional movies of Hindi cinema."[20][21][22] The first installment of the trilogy, Satya, was also listed in CNN-IBN's 100 greatest Indian films of all time.[23] Varma's recent avant-garde works include hits such as the dramatized re-enactment of "Rayalaseema factionism" in Rakta Charitra (2010), the "2008 Mumbai attacks" in The Attacks of 26/11 (2013), the "Operation Cocoon" in Killing Veerappan (2016),[24][25] the "Vijayawada riots" in Vangaveeti (2016), and the political thriller Lakshmi's NTR (2019).[26][27]

Starting his career as a civil engineer, he made an entry into Telugu cinema with the path-breaking crime thriller, Siva (1989) screened at the 13th International Film Festival of India, and has garnered Varma, the state Nandi Awards for Best direction, Best first film of a director, and the Filmfare Award for Best Film – Telugu.[28] Subsequently, the film was included in CNN-IBN's list of 100 greatest Indian films of all time.[29] Varma's next movie Kshana Kshanam (1991) was screened at the Ann Arbor Film Festival. The sleeper hit won him another Nandi Award for Best Direction, and the Nandi Award for Best Screenplay Writer.[30] The 1993 political drama, Gaayam received six state Nandi Awards. In 1999, he directed Prema Katha for which he received his third Nandi Award for Best Director.[30]

Early years

In an interview to Tehelka, Varma talked about his relationship with his parents and the reasons behind his decision to become a filmmaker.

{{quote|From my parents' perspective, I looked like a useless bum. It was the truth. I had no objective. I was just fascinated by people, so I used to study their behaviour. I was most fascinated by the bullies in my classroom. They were like gangsters for me. They had the guts to push around people, do things I couldn't— perhaps did not even want to do myself. But I'd want a friend like that (laughs). I used to adulate them like heroes. That was my first touch with anti-socialism. Over a period of time, I developed a low-angle fascination for larger than life people. I was always a loner – not because I was unhappy, but because I live away from myself, not just others. I like to study myself – the way I am walking, talking, behaving. My constant obsession with studying myself and other people is perhaps the primary motivation for me to be a filmmaker.[31]}}

Varma completed BE in Civil engineering from V.R. Siddhartha Engineering College, Vijayawada. Even during this period, Varma remained a film buff, through his uncle. Varma would skip classes often and watch films instead. He would watch the same film repeatedly "just to watch certain scenes which interested him."[32] According to him, that is how he learned film direction.

After a brief stint as a site engineer for Krishna Oberoi hotel in Hyderabad, he put his dreams on the back burner and decided to go to Nigeria to make some money. It was at this moment that he visited a video rental library in Hyderabad. He loved the idea and decided to start one of his own at Ameerpet in Hyderabad, through which he slowly developed connections with the film world.[16] Without being successful as a fourth assistant director in B. Gopal's film Collector Gari Abbai, Varma directly ventured into film direction, with the 1989 Telugu film, Siva.[33]

International acclaim

Rachel Dwyer, a reader in world cinema at the University of London-Department of South Asia, marked Varma's Satya as an experiment with a new genre, a variation of film noir that has been called Mumbai Noir, of which Varma is the acknowledged master.[22][34] In 2010, Varma received critical acclaim at the Fribourg International Film Festival, Switzerland; a retrospective of his filmography, highlighting Mumbai Noir was staged by film critic Edouard Waintrop, a delegate in the Directors' Fortnight of the Cannes Film Festival.[35][36] Satya and Company, in particular, were cited by British director Danny Boyle as influences on his Academy Award-winning film Slumdog Millionaire (2008), for their "slick, often mesmerizing portrayals of the Mumbai underworld", their display of "brutality and urban violence", and their gritty realism.[37][38][39]

In 2005, Varma directed the Godfatheresque-Sarkar, another super-hit thriller inspired by the life of Bal Thackeray, which was screened to special mention at the New York Asian Film Festival, along with its sequel Sarkar Raj, which premiered at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival and the 9th IIFA World Premiere-Bangkok, and was archived at the Academy of Motion Pictures library.[36][40][41][42][43] In 2013, he directed a docudrama, The Attacks of 26/11, showcased to critical acclaim at the Berlin International Film Festival, in the Panorama as well as the Competition section,[44][45] and was premièred at Films Division of India.[46][47][48] The film received highly positive reviews, with critics praising Varma's narrative of assistant commissioner N. R. Mahale, and the discrepancies associated with Mahale's interaction with Ajmal Kasab on anti terrorism.[49][50][51]

Film craft and style

Varma's philosophy is influenced by Russian-American Novelist Ayn Rand, Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche and authors like James Hadley Chase and Frederick Forsyth, as well as by Mad magazine.[5] Varma's first runaway hit in Hindi cinema was Shiva (1990), the remake of his 1989 film Siva.[52] Varma introduced the steadicam to Indian cinema with Siva.[53] Later, He garnered attention in Bollywood with the romantic comedy film, Rangeela (1995) starring Aamir Khan.[54] The film won seven Filmfare Awards.[52][55][65] Rangeela was later remade in hollywood as Win a Date with Tad Hamilton!.[56]

He then directed Satya (1998), which won six Filmfare Awards, including the Critics Award for Best Film, In 2005, Indiatimes Movies included Satya in its list of 25 Must See Bollywood Movies.[57] Satya was showcased among the Indian panorama section, at the 1998 International Film Festival of India,[3][58] Varma received the Bimal Roy memorial award for best direction for this film.[59][60] In the same year, he co-produced Dil Se.., directed by Mani Ratnam, screened at the 1999 Berlin Film Festival, and won the Netpac Award, as well as two National Film Awards and six Filmfare Awards.[61] Satya, together with his 2002 film Company (which he directed, won three IIFA Awards, seven Filmfare Awards, and a Bollywood Movie Award for best direction, and was premiered at the 2004 Austin Film Festival) and the 2005 film D (which he produced), were also featured in the Fribourg International Film Festival, and the New York Asian Film Festival.[35][36]

Experimental films

In 1991, Varma experimented with the supernatural thriller, Raat, and the 1992 Neo-noir, crime film Drohi, and gained positive reviews from critics.[28][52] During the years between his trilogy, from Satya in 1998 to D in 2005,[62] Varma implemented different film genres in his craft. In 1999, he directed Kaun, a suspense thriller set entirely in one house and featuring only three actors, and Mast, a subversion of Hindi cinema's masala genre.[18] In 2000, he directed Jungle, set entirely in a jungle, for which he was nominated for the Star Screen Award for Best Director. In 2003 he directed another supernatural thriller Bhoot on the lines of his earlier hit Raat. Bhoot became a major hit at the box office,[63] and Varma was nominated for the Filmfare Best Director Award for the film.[64]

Bhoot was followed by even more horror movies, including hit films such as Darna Mana Hai (2003), Darna Zaroori Hai (2006), and Phoonk (2008), gaining Varma the status of ster of the Indian horror genre.[65] Other experimental productions of Varma include Ek Hasina Thi (2003), a psychological thriller, and Ab Tak Chhappan (2004), a film about an inspector in the Mumbai Encounter Squad noted for having killed 56 people in encounters.[36]

In 2006, he re-made a new installment of Shiva, which was screened at the New York Asian Film Festival, where in a retrospective featuring Varma's experimental hits such as Company, Ek Hasina Thi, Ab Tak Chhappan, Sarkar, Contract, and Shabri was staged.[36] Shabri was also screened at Rome Film Festival.[36]

[66][67] 2010 film on media, Rann was screened at Toronto International Film Festival.[68][69] A two-part bilingual Parallel cinema Rakta Charitra (2010), on the theme of South Indian politics, was based on the life of Paritala Ravindra, and Maddela Cheruvu Suri; the film received praise from critics.[70]

Mainstream

Varma started his career in the Telugu film industry as an assistant director on the sets of films such as Collector Gari Abbai and Rao Gari Illu. His father Krishnam Raju Varma, was a sound recordist at the Annapurna Studios. Varma met Nagarjuna Akkineni at the studios and narrated a scene to the actor which impressed him.[71] The result of their collaboration was a film on the criminalization of student politics – Siva. It was a commercially successful film that gave Varma an opportunity to demonstrate his technical expertise and storytelling skills.[52]

Kshana Kshanam with Venkatesh, Gaayam with Jagapathi Babu and Anaganaga Oka Roju with J.D. Chakravarthy were successful, Govinda Govinda with Nagarjuna proved to be a moderate success at the box office.[72] During this period, Varma produced films such as Money and Money Money. Other box office hits by Varma in Telugu include Gulabi (1995); Madhyanam Hathya (2004); Rakta Charitra (2010), Dongala Mutha (2011), Rowdy (2014), Ice Cream(2014).[25][73] Varma introduced online auction based film distribution model for this venture, and tasted success.[74]

Varma's notable mainstream works in Hindi cinema include Daud (1997), Darna Zaroori Hai (2006), Nishabd (2007), Darling (2007), and Phoonk (2008). Bollywood film-makers such as Anurag Kashyap, Madhur Bhandarkar, Puri Jagannadh, E. Nivas, Prawaal Raman, Krishna Vamsi, Vishram Sawant, and Hansal Mehta assisted Varma, before venturing into direction.[12] In 1993, he scripted the Tamil thriller Thiruda Thiruda, screened at Toronto International Film Festival.[75][76][77] In 2015, Varma was fined for Rs 10 Lakhs, for an alleged copyright violation with the film Aag (2007).[78] In 2016, he made his directorial debut in Kannada cinema, with the thriller Killing Veerappan.[79]

Non-film work

Television

Ram Gopal Varma made his début in Television through a Talk Show titled Ramuism. The show is being aired on a Telugu channel since September 2014.[80] The show is noted for its fresh and witty appeal. The show focuses on Varma's Point of View on social issues such as Education, Religion, Mythology, Children, Crime, Death, Anger, Godmen, Woman, Philosophy, Cinema etc. The show is hosted by Swapna, the managing editor of Sakshi TV.

Biographies

Varma wrote an autobiography titled Na Ishtam, which discusses his life experiences and philosophy. 'Naa Ishtam' was released in December 2010 at Taj Banjara, Hyderabad.[81] Sirasri, poet, lyricist and writer wrote a biographical book on the interactions he had with Ram Gopal Varma with the title Vodka With Varma. Director Puri Jagannath launched the book in December 2012.[82]

In November 2015, Varma published his book "Guns and Thighs:The Story of My Life" which discusses a wide range of subjects, from the influences and circumstances that drew him to cinematic techniques, his successful and unsuccessful films, his Bollywood idols, his live in relationship with Suchitra Krishnamoorthy his relationship with the media and the controversies dogging him, his philosophy of life, and Indian cinema.[83] On this occasion, Varma said "I dedicated my book to Ayn Rand, Bruce Lee, Urmila Matondkar, Amitabh Bachchan, and a few gangsters."[84][85]

Web Series

In May 2017 Varma released the trailer of a Hindi language web series "Guns and Thighs" based on the underworld and mafia of 1990s in Mumbai, directed by him.[86]The trailer received coverage for its explicit scenes and nudity. [87]

Awards and nominations

Varma has garnered the National Film Award, the Bimal Roy Memorial National Award, seven state Nandi Awards, two Bollywood Filmfare Awards, and five Bollywood Movie Awards.

National Film Awards

YearFilmCategoryOutcomeRef
1999ShoolNational Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi{{won}}[15]

Nandi Awards

YearFilmCategoryOutcomeRef
1989SivaNandi Award for Best Director{{won}}
1989SivaNandi Award for Best First Film of a Director{{won}}
1991Kshana KshanamNandi Award for Best Director{{won}}
1991Kshana KshanamNandi Award for Best Screenplay Writer{{won}}
1993MoneyNandi Award for Best Feature Film - Silver{{won}}
1999Prema KathaNandi Award for Best Director{{won}}
1999Prema KathaNandi Award for Best Feature Film - Bronze{{won}}

Filmfare Awards

YearFilmCategoryOutcomeRef
1995Rangeela Filmfare Best Story Award{{won}}[88]
1995Rangeela Filmfare Award for Best Director{{nominated}}[89]
1995Rangeela Filmfare Award for Best Film{{nominated}}[89]
1998Satya Filmfare Critics Award for Best Movie{{won}}[90]
1998SatyaFilmfare Award for Best Film{{nominated}}[89]
2003CompanyFilmfare Award for Best Director{{nominated}}[89]
2003CompanyFilmfare Award for Best Film{{nominated}}[89]
2004BhootFilmfare Award for Best Director{{nominated}}[89]
2006SarkarFilmfare Award for Best Director{{nominated}}[89]

Filmfare Awards South

YearFilmCategoryOutcomeRef
1989SivaFilmfare Award for Best Director – Telugu{{nominated}}
1991Kshana KshanamFilmfare Award for Best Director – Telugu{{nominated}}
1993GaayamFilmfare Award for Best Director – Telugu{{nominated}}

Bimal Roy Memorial National Awards

YearFilmCategoryOutcomeRef
1999Satya Bimal Roy Memorial Award for Best Direction{{won}}[59][60][91]

IIFA Awards

YearFilmCategoryOutcomeRef
2002CompanyIIFA Award for Best Movie{{nominated}}[89]
2002CompanyIIFA Award for Best Director{{nominated}}[89]

Bollywood Movie Awards

YearFilmCategoryOutcomeRef
1998SatyaBollywood Movie Award – Best Director{{won}}[92]
2000JungleBollywood Movie Award – Best Director{{won}}[92]
2002CompanyBollywood Movie Award – Best Director{{won}}[92]
2003BhootBollywood Movie Award – Best Director{{won}}[92]

Zee Cine Awards

YearFilmCategoryOutcomeRef
2004BhootBest Director of The Year{{nominated}}[92][93]
2005Ab Tak ChhappanBest Producer of The Year{{nominated}}[92][93]

Screen Awards

YearFilmCategoryOutcomeRef
2000JungleScreen Award for Best Director{{nominated}}[92]
2002CompanyScreen Award for Best Film{{nominated}}[92][94]
2009Sarkar RajScreen Award for Best Director{{nominated}}[92]

Stardust Awards

YearFilmCategoryOutcomeRef
2009Sarkar RajStardust Award for Best Director{{nominated}}[92]
2010Rakta CharitraReaders Choice Award for Best Director - Action/Thriller{{nominated}}[92]

Other awards

YearFilmAwardsCategoryOutcomeRef
1989SivaVamsee Berkley AwardsBest Director{{won}}[92]
1993GaayamAkruthi Film AwardBest Director{{won}}[92]

Filmography

YearFilmLanguageDirectorProducerWriterNotes
1989 Siva Telugu {{Yes}} {{Yes}} Nandi Award for Best Director
Nandi Award for Best First Film of a Director
Filmfare Award for Best Film – Telugu
International Film Festival of India
1990 Shiva Hindi {{Yes}} Remake of Siva
crime film
1991 Kshana Kshanam Telugu {{Yes}} {{Yes}} Dubbed into Hindi as Hairaan
Nandi Award for Best Director
road movie
1992 Antham / Drohi Hindi / Telugu {{Yes}} {{Yes}} Bilingual film
crime film
1992 Raat/Raatri Hindi/Telugu {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} Hindi-Telugu bilingual
horror film
1993 Gaayam Telugu {{Yes}} {{Yes}} Political drama
1993 Money Telugu {{Yes}} Remade as Love Ke Liye Kuch Bhi Karega
Nandi Award for Best Feature Film (Silver Nandi)
comedy film
1993 Govinda Govinda Telugu {{Yes}} {{Yes}} thriller film
1993 Thiruda Thiruda Tamil {{Yes}} road movie
1995 Rangeela Hindi {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} Filmfare Award for Best Story
Nominated, Filmfare Award for Best Film
Nominated, Filmfare Award for Best Director
romantic comedy
1995 Money Money Telugu {{Yes}} comedy film
1996 Deyyam Telugu {{Yes}} {{Yes}} horror film
1996 Gulabi Telugu {{Yes}} thriller film
1997 Anaganaga Oka Roju Telugu {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} road movie
1997 Daud Hindi {{Yes}} {{Yes}} road movie
1998 Satya Hindi {{Yes}} {{Yes}} Dubbed into Telugu as Satya
Filmfare Critics Award for Best Movie
Nominated, Filmfare Award for Best Film
Nominated, Filmfare Award for Best Director
crime film
1998 Dil Se.. Hindi {{Yes}} Co-Produced with Mani Ratnam & Shekhar Kapur
romantic thriller
1998 Wife of V. Varaprasad Telugu {{Yes}} comedy film
1999 Prema Katha Telugu {{Yes}} Nandi Award for Best Feature Film (Bronze Nandi)
Nandi Award for Best Director
romance film
1999 Kaun Hindi {{Yes}} psychological thriller
1999 Mast Hindi {{Yes}} romantic comedy
1999 Shool Hindi {{Yes}} {{Yes}} National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi
political drama
2000 Jungle Hindi {{Yes}} thriller film
2001 Love Ke Liye Kuchh Bhi Karega Hindi {{Yes}} Remake of Money (Telugu)
comedy film
2001 Pyaar Tune Kya Kiya Hindi {{Yes}} romance film
2002 Company Hindi {{Yes}} Nominated, Filmfare Award for Best Film
Nominated, Filmfare Award for Best Director
crime film
2002 Road Hindi {{Yes}} road movie
2003 Bhoot Hindi {{Yes}} {{yes}} Nominated, Filmfare Award for Best Director
horror film
2003 Ek Hasina Thi Hindi {{Yes}}
2003 Darna Mana Hai Hindi {{Yes}} horror film
2004 Ab Tak Chhappan Hindi {{Yes}} crime film
2004 Vaastu Shastra Hindi {{Yes}} Dubbed into Telugu as Marri Chettu
horror film
2004 Gayab Hindi {{Yes}} drama film
2004 Naach Hindi {{Yes}} {{Yes}} drama film
2004 Madhyanam Hathya Telugu {{Yes}} thriller film
2005 Jithan Tamil {{Yes}}Remake of Gayab
2005 My Wife's Murder Hindi {{Yes}} Remake of Madhyanam Hathya
thriller film
2005 Main Madhuri Dixit Banna Chahti Hoon Hindi {{Yes}} drama film
2005 D Hindi {{Yes}} crime film
2005 James Hindi {{Yes}} action film
2005 Sarkar Hindi {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{yes}} Nominated, Filmfare Award for Best Director
political drama
2005 Mr Ya Miss Hindi {{Yes}} comedy film
2006 Darwaza Bandh Rakho Hindi {{Yes}} comedy film
2006 Shock Telugu {{Yes}} {{Yes}} thriller film
2006 Shiva Hindi {{Yes}} {{Yes}} crime film
2006 Darna Zaroori Hai Hindi {{Yes}} {{Yes}} Directed only Story 1
horror film
anthology film
2007 Nishabd Hindi {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{yes}} erotic film
2007 Ram Gopal Varma Ki Aag Hindi {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} crime film
2007 Darling Hindi {{Yes}} horror film
2007 Go Hindi {{Yes}} comedy film
2008 Sarkar Raj Hindi {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} political drama
Cannes film festival
2008 Contract Hindi {{Yes}} parallel cinema
2008 Phoonk Hindi {{Yes}} {{yes}} horror film
2008 Raksha Telugu {{Yes}} {{yes}} Remake of Phoonk
2009 Agyaat Hindi {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{yes}} horror film
2010 Rann Hindi {{Yes}} {{yes}} political drama
2010 Rakta Charitra Hindi, Telugu {{Yes}} {{yes}} Biographical film
2010 Phoonk 2 Hindi {{Yes}} Executive Producer
horror film
2011 Katha Screenplay Darshakatvam Appalaraju Telugu {{Yes}} {{Yes}} comedy film
2011 Shabri Hindi {{Yes}} crime film
2011 Dongala Mutha Telugu {{Yes}} {{yes}} thriller film
2011 Bejawada Telugu {{Yes}} {{Yes}} political drama
2011 Not a Love Story Hindi {{Yes}} {{yes}} thriller film
2012 Department Hindi {{Yes}} {{yes}} crime film
2012 Bhoot Returns Hindi {{Yes}} {{yes}} horror film
2013 The Attacks of 26/11 Hindi {{Yes}} {{Yes}} Docudrama
2013 Psycho Telugu {{Yes}} {{Yes}} thriller film
2013 Satya 2 Telugu/Hindi {{Yes}} {{yes}} crime film
2014 Rowdy Telugu {{Yes}} {{yes}} faction film
2014 Ice Cream Telugu {{Yes}} {{yes}} horror film
2014 Anukshanam Telugu {{Yes}} {{yes}} Slasher film
2014 Ice Cream 2 Telugu {{Yes}} {{yes}} Slasher film
2014 A day in the life of Lakshmi Manchu's feet Silent {{Yes}} Short film
2015 365 Days Telugu {{yes}} {{yes}} romance film
2016 Killing Veerappan Kannada {{yes}} {{yes}} Docudrama Film
2016 Attack Telugu {{yes}} Political drama
2016 Veerappan Hindi {{yes}} {{yes}} Biographical film
2016 Vangaveeti Telugu {{yes}} {{yes}} Biographical film
2017 Sarkar 3 Hindi {{yes}} Political thriller
2018 God, Sex and Truth English {{yes}} Short film
2018 Officer Telugu {{yes}} {{yes}}
2018 Bhairava Geetha Kannada/Telugu {{yes}} Bilingual film
2019 Geher Hindi {{yes}} {{yes}} {{yes}}
2019 Rai Hindi {{yes}} {{yes}} Biographical film of Muthappa Rai
2019 Nuclear English {{yes}} Political thriller
2019 Lakshmi's NTR Telugu {{yes}} {{yes}} Biographical film of N. T. Rama Rao

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37. ^{{cite web|author=Amitava Kumar|title=Slumdog Millionaire's Bollywood Ancestors|work=Vanity Fair|date=23 December 2008|url=http://www.vanityfair.com/online/oscars/2008/12/slumdog-millionaires-bollywood-ancestors.html|accessdate=4 January 2008}}
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94. ^https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0296574/awards

External links

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