| 词条 | F-Droid |
| 释义 |
| title = F-Droid | name = F-Droid | logo = F-Droid Logo 4.svg | logo size = 64px | logo alt = Official F-Droid logo | screenshot = | caption = Screenshot of F-Droid 1.2 on Android showing the latest apps | developer = Ciaran Gultnieks, F-Droid Limited | released = {{Start date|2010|9|29|df=yes}} | status = Active, over 2,700 apps (as of April 2018)[1] | programming language = Python language (server tools), Jekyll (software) (site), Java language (client) | operating system = Android system (client), Linux, OSX, Windows 10, FreeBSD (server) | genre = Digital distribution of free software, Software repository | license = GNU GPLv3+ | website = {{URL|https://f-droid.org/}} }}F-Droid is a community-maintained software repository for Android, similar to the Google Play store. The main repository, hosted by the project, contains only free libre software apps. Applications can be browsed and installed from the F-Droid website or client app without the need to register for an account. "Anti-Features" such as advertising, user tracking, or dependence on nonfree software are flagged in app descriptions.[2] The website also offers the source code of applications it hosts, as well as the software running the F-Droid server, allowing anyone to set up their own app repository.[3][4][5] HistoryF-Droid was founded by Ciaran Gultnieks in 2010. The client was forked from Aptoide's source code.[7][8] The project is now run by the English nonprofit F-Droid Limited.[8] Replicant, a fully free software Android operating system, uses F-Droid as its default and recommended app store.[9][10] The Guardian Project, a suite of free and secure Android applications, started running their own F-Droid repository in early 2012.[11] In 2012, Free Software Foundation Europe featured F-Droid in their Free Your Android! campaign to raise awareness of the privacy and security risks of proprietary software.[12][13] F-Droid was chosen as part of the GNU Project's GNU a Day initiative during their 30th anniversary to encourage more use of free software.[14]In March 2016 F-Droid partnered with The Guardian Project and CopperheadOS with the goal of creating "a solution that can be verifiably trusted from the operating system, through the network and network services, all the way up to the app stores and apps themselves".[15][16] Scope of projectThe F-Droid repository contains a growing number of more than 2,600 apps, compared to over 1.43 million on the Google Play Store. The project incorporates several software sub-projects:
F-Droid builds apps from publicly available and freely licensed source code. The project is run entirely by volunteers and has no formal app review process.[17] New apps are contributed by user submissions or the developers themselves. The only requirement is that they be free of proprietary software.[18] Client applicationTo install the F-Droid client, the user has to allow installation from "Unknown sources" in Android settings[19] and retrieve the APK (installable file) from the official site. Installation is not available through the Google Play store due to the non-compete clause of the Google Play Developer Distribution Agreement.[20] The client was designed to be resilient against surveillance, censorship, and unreliable Internet connections. To promote anonymity, it supports HTTP proxies and repositories hosted on Tor hidden services. Client devices can function as impromptu "app stores", distributing downloaded apps to other devices over local Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and Android Beam.[21][22] The F-Droid client app will automatically offer updates for installed F-Droid apps. When the F-Droid Privileged Extension is installed, updates can also be conducted by the app itself in the background.[23] The extension can be installed via rooting, or by flashing a zip file on the device.[24] Key managementThe Android operating system checks that updates are signed with the same key, preventing others from distributing updates that are signed by a different key.[25][26] Originally, the Google Play store required applications to be signed by the developer of the application, while F-Droid only allowed its own signing keys. So apps previously installed from another source have to be reinstalled to receive updates.[27] As of 2017, Google Play encourages developers to let Google Play manage the signing keys,[28] offering a similar service to what F-Droid has offered since 2011, and F-Droid now lets developers use their own keys via the reproducible build process.[29] CriticismOut-of-date versions of TextSecureIn 2012, security researcher and developer Moxie Marlinspike criticised F-Droid for distributing out-of-date versions of TextSecure which contained a known bug that had been fixed in the official application. F-Droid removed the application from the repository at the request of Marlinspike.[30] Marlinspike later criticised the project's handling of the issue, stating that they "mischaracterized the scope of [the] bug" and were "incredibly immature" in their post announcing the removal, after he received email from users who had been misled by F-Droid's announcement.[31] See also{{Portal|Free and open-source software}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://f-droid.org/wiki/page/Repository_Maintenance |title=Repository Maintenance |website=F-Droid |publisher=F-Droid |accessdate=2018-04-18}} 2. ^{{cite web |title=Client 0.54 released |publisher=F-droid.org |url=https://f-droid.org/posts/client-0-54-released/ |date=5 November 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426020000/https://f-droid.org/posts/client-0-54-released/ |archivedate=26 April 2015 |df=dmy-all }} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.androidcentral.com/f-droid-foss-application-store-your-android-phone|title=F-Droid is the FOSS application store for your Android phone|last=Hildenbrand|first=Jerry|date=27 November 2012|work=Android Central|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thepowerbase.com/2012/08/f-droid-the-android-market-that-respects-your-rights/|title=F-Droid: The Android Market That Respects Your Rights|author=Nardi|first=Tom|date=27 August 2012|work=The Powerbase|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203061021/http://www.thepowerbase.com/2012/08/f-droid-the-android-market-that-respects-your-rights/|archivedate=3 December 2013|deadurl=yes|access-date=}} 5. ^{{cite web |title=F-Droid Server Manual |url=https://f-droid.org/manual/}} 6. ^{{cite web |title=Commits by year and month of F-Droid data reported by gitstats|year=2017 |url=https://gitlab.com/fdroid/fdroiddata/ |accessdate=19 July 2017}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://gitorious.org/f-droid/fdroidclient/source/0b71cb7e7331fb73ee762225d0225fd92ce99010:src/org/fdroid/fdroid|title=F-Droid initial source code|last=|first=|date=19 October 2010|work=F-Droid|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141210121308/https://gitorious.org/f-droid/fdroidclient/source/0b71cb7e7331fb73ee762225d0225fd92ce99010%3Asrc/org/fdroid/fdroid|archivedate=10 December 2014|deadurl=yes|accessdate=10 December 2014}} 8. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://f-droid.org/about/ |title=F Droid About |accessdate=28 January 2014}} 9. ^{{cite web |title=FDroid: a free software alternative to Google Market |publisher=Replicant Project |date=26 November 2010 |url=https://blog.replicant.us/2010/11/fdroid-a-free-software-alternative-to-google-market/ |accessdate=17 January 2015}} 10. ^{{cite web |title=FDroid |work=Replicant Wiki |url=https://redmine.replicant.us/projects/replicant/wiki/DeprecatedFDroid}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://guardianproject.info/2012/03/15/our-new-f-droid-app-repository/|title=Our New F-Droid App Repository|last=|first=|date=15 March 2012|website=|publisher=The Guardian Project|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 12. ^{{cite news |last1=Walker-Morgan |first1=Dj |title=FSFE launches "Free Your Android!" campaign |publisher=H-online |date=28 February 2012 |url=http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/FSFE-launches-Free-Your-Android-campaign-1444629.html |accessdate=27 July 2014}} 13. ^{{cite web |title=Liberate Your Device! |publisher=Free Software Foundation Europe |url=https://fsfe.org/campaigns/android/liberate.en.html |accessdate=27 July 2014}} 14. ^{{cite web |title=GNU-a-Day |publisher=GNU Project, Free Software Foundation |url=https://www.gnu.org/gnu30/gnu-a-day/ |accessdate=23 July 2014 |quote=Day 9: Have an Android phone? Install [https://f-droid.org/ F-Droid], a repository with hundreds of free software apps.}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=https://guardianproject.info/2016/03/28/copperhead-guardian-project-and-f-droid-partner-to-build-open-verifiably-secure-mobile-ecosystem/|title=Copperhead, Guardian Project and F-Droid Partner to Build Open, Verifiably Secure Mobile Ecosystem|last=|first=|date=28 March 2016|website=|publisher=The Guardian Project|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=https://liliputing.com/2015/09/copperheados-wants-to-bring-better-security-to-android.html|title=CopperheadOS wants to bring better security to Android|last=Linder|first=Brad|date=8 September 2015|website=Liliputing|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=https://f-droid.org/contribute/|title=Contribute|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=F-Droid|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|accessdate=29 March 2015}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=https://f-droid.org/wiki/page/Inclusion_Policy|title=Inclusion Policy|last=|first=|date=4 April 2014|website=|publisher=F-Droid|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|accessdate=29 March 2015}} 19. ^{{cite web |url=https://developer.android.com/distribute/marketing-tools/alternative-distribution.html |title=Android Open Distribution |date=2012-10-31 |accessdate=2012-10-31}} 20. ^{{cite web |url=https://play.google.com/about/developer-distribution-agreement.html |title=Google Play Developer Distribution Agreement |date=2012-10-31 |accessdate=2012-10-31}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=https://f-droid.org/posts/client-0-76-released/|title=Client 0.76 Released|last=|first=|date=14 October 2014|website=|publisher=F-Droid|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|accessdate=28 March 2015}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2014/6/10/5794406/what-do-you-do-when-the-internet-turns-off|title=Your survival guide for an internet blackout|author=Brandom|first=Russell|date=10 June 2014|work=The Verge|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|accessdate=2 August 2014}} 23. ^{{Cite web|url=https://f-droid.org/en/packages/org.fdroid.fdroid.privileged/|title=F-Droid Privileged Extension|last=|first=|date=|publisher=F-Droid|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=19 June 2018}} 24. ^{{Cite web|url=https://f-droid.org/en/packages/org.fdroid.fdroid.privileged.ota/|title=org.fdroid.fdroid.privileged.ota_2070|last=|first=|date=|publisher=F-Droid|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=19 June 2018}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=https://github.com/WhisperSystems/Signal-Android/issues/127#issuecomment-13447074|title=moxie0 commented Feb 12, 2013|last=Marlinspike|first=Moxie|authorlink=Moxie Marlinspike|date=12 February 2013|website=|via=GitHub|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 26. ^{{cite web|url=https://developer.android.com/tools/publishing/app-signing.html|title=Signing Your Applications|last=|first=|date=|website=Android Developers|publisher=Google|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=https://f-droid.org/wiki/page/Release_Channels_and_Signing_Keys|title=Release Channels and Signing Keys|last=|first=|date=12 August 2014|website=|publisher=F-Droid|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|accessdate=29 March 2015}} 28. ^{{cite web|url=https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2017/09/enroll-for-app-signing-in-google-play.html|title=Enroll for app signing in the Google Play Console & secure your app using Google's robust security infrastructure|last=Glick|first=Kobi|date=6 September 2017|website=Android Developers Blog|publisher=Google|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=https://f-droid.org/docs/Reproducible_Builds/|title=Reproducible Builds|publisher=F-Droid}} 30. ^{{cite web|url=https://f-droid.org/2012/08/23/security-notice-textsecure.html|title=Security Notice – TextSecure|last=|first=|date=23 August 2012|website=|publisher=F-Droid|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=https://github.com/WhisperSystems/Signal-Android/issues/53#issuecomment-7989786|title=SMS Plain text leak via LogCat|author=Marlinspike|first=Moxie|authorlink=Moxie Marlinspike|date=24 August 2012|website=|via=GitHub|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} Further reading
External links
5 : Mobile software distribution platforms|Free and open-source Android software|Free package management systems|Internet services supporting OpenID|Software using the GPL license |
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