| 词条 | Feng Zhang |
| 释义 |
| name = Feng Zhang | image = Fzhang at summit.jpg | caption = Prof. Feng Zhang at the Forbes 30 Under 30 Summit, Boston MA. Oct. 2, 2017 | image_size = | alt = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1981|10|22}} | birth_place = Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China | death_date = | death_place = | residence = Cambridge, Massachusetts | citizenship = | nationality = American | fields = Neuroscience, Bioengineering | workplaces = MIT, Broad Institute | alma_mater = {{plainlist|
| thesis_title = | thesis_url = | thesis_year = | academic_advisors = Karl Deisseroth | notable_students = | known_for = Optogenetics, CRISPR | author_abbrev_bot = | author_abbrev_zoo = | influences = | influenced = | awards = {{plainlist|
| signature = | signature_alt = | website = {{plainlist|
| footnotes = | spouse = }} Feng Zhang ({{zh|s=张锋|p=Zhāng Fēng}}; born October 22, 1981) is a Chinese-American biochemist. Zhang currently holds the James and Patricia Poitras Professorship in Neuroscience at the McGovern Institute for Brain Research and in the departments of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and Biological Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He also has appointment with the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (where he is a core member). He is most well known for his central role in the development of optogenetics and CRISPR technologies. Early life and educationZhang was born in China in 1981 and given the name 锋 (which means "point of a spear; edge of a tool; vanguard"). Both of his parents were computer programmers in China. At age 11, he moved to Iowa with his mother (his father was not able to join them for several years).[1] He attended Theodore Roosevelt High School and Central Academy in Des Moines, graduating in 2000. In 1999 he attended the acclaimed Research Science Institute at MIT, and in 2000 he won 3rd Place in the Intel Science Talent Search. He earned his A.B. in Chemistry and Physics from Harvard University in 2004 where he worked with Xiaowei Zhuang.[2] He then received his Ph.D. in chemical and biological engineering from Stanford University in 2009 under the guidance of Karl Deisseroth where he developed the technologies behind optogenetics with Edward Boyden.[3][4] He served as an independent Junior Fellow in the Harvard Society of Fellows.[5][6] ResearchZhang's lab is focused on using synthetic biology to develop technologies for genome and epigenome engineering to study neurobiology. He is a leader in the field of optogenetics,[7][8] which was named the 2010 "Method of the Year".[9] As a postdoc, he began work on using TAL effectors to control gene transcription.[6] Based on previous work by the Sylvain Moineau Lab,[10] Zhang began work to harness and optimize the CRISPR system to work in human cells in early 2011[11]. While Zhang's group was optimizing the Cas9 system in human cells, the collaborating groups of Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna described a chimeric RNA design which is capable of facilitating cleavage of free-floating DNA using purified Cas9 protein and a synthetic guide. Zhang's group compared their RNA expression approach with a design based on the Doudna / Charpentier chimeric RNA for use in human cells and established features of the guide necessary for Cas9 to function effectively in mammalian cells[12][13] which are dispensable in biochemical assays.[14][15][16] His lab has developed a sensitive diagnostic nucleic acid detection protocol that is based on CRISPR termed SHERLOCK (Specific High sensitivity Enzymatic Reporter UnLOCKing) that is able to detect and distinguish strains of viruses and bacteria present in as low as attomolar (10−18 M) concentration.[17] HonorsZhang is a recipient of the NIH Director's Pioneer Award and a 2012 Searle Scholar. He was named one of MIT Technology Reviews's TR35[18] in 2013. His work on optogenetics and CRISPR has been recognized by a number of awards, including: the 2011 Perl-UNC Prize (shared with Boyden and Deisseroth);[19] the 2014 Alan T. Waterman Award, the National Science Foundation's highest honor that annually recognizes an outstanding researcher under the age of 35;[20] the 2014 Gabbay Award (shared with Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier);[21] the 2014 Young Investigator Award from the Society for Neuroscience (shared with Diana Bautista)[22]. Zhang also received a New York Stem Cell Foundation (NYSCF) – Robertson Stem Cell Investigator Award in 2014, and was named the 2016 NYSCF – Robertson Stem Cell Prize Recipient. In 2015, Zhang became the inaugural recipient of Tsuneko & Reiji Okazaki Award (Nagoya University)[23] and in 2016, he was once again (for the 2nd and 3rd time) sharing honors with Doudna and Charpentier when receiving the Gairdner Foundation International Award[24] and the Tang Prize.[25] In 2017 he received the Albany Medical Center Prize (jointly with Emmanuelle Charpentier, Jennifer Doudna, Luciano Marraffini, and Francisco M. Mojica) [26] and the Lemelson-MIT Prize. [27]. In 2018, Zhang was elected as a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a member of the National Academy of Sciences [28]. References1. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.statnews.com/2015/11/06/hollywood-inspired-scientist-rewrite-code-life/ |title=Meet one of the world’s most groundbreaking scientists. He’s 34. |last=Begley |first=Sharon |date=November 6, 2015 |website=Stat |accessdate=January 27, 2017}} 2. ^{{Cite web |title=Zhuang Research Lab |url=http://zhuang.harvard.edu/group.html |website=Harvard University|accessdate=January 27, 2017}} 3. ^{{cite journal|last=Boyden|first=Edward S|author2=Zhang, Feng |author3=Bamberg, Ernst |author4=Nagel, Georg |author5= Deisseroth, Karl |title=Millisecond-timescale, genetically targeted optical control of neural activity|journal=Nature Neuroscience|date=14 August 2005|volume=8|issue=9|pages=1263–1268|doi=10.1038/nn1525 |pmid=16116447}} 4. ^{{cite journal|author1=Zhang, Feng|author2=Wang, Li-Ping |author3=Brauner, Martin |author4= Liewald, Jana F. |author5=Kay, Kenneth |author6=Watzke, Natalie |author7=Wood, Phillip G. |author8=Bamberg, Ernst |author9=Nagel, Georg |author10=Gottschalk, Alexander |author11=Deisseroth, Karl|title=Multimodal fast optical interrogation of neural circuitry|journal=Nature|date=5 April 2007|volume=446|issue=7136|pages=633–639|doi=10.1038/nature05744|pmid=17410168|bibcode=2007Natur.446..633Z }} 5. ^{{cite web |title=Feng Zhang, Investigator |url=https://mcgovern.mit.edu/principal-investigators/feng-zhang |website=McGovern Institute for Brain Research |accessdate=January 27, 2017}} 6. ^1 {{cite journal |last=Zhang |first=Feng |last2=Cong |first2=Le |last3=Lodato |first3=Simona |last4=Kosuri |first4=Sriram |last5=Church |first5=George |last6=Arlotta |first6=Paola |title=Efficient construction of sequence-specific TAL effectors for modulating mammalian transcription |journal=Nature Biotechnology |date=January 19, 2011 |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=149–153 |doi=10.1038/nbt.1775 |pmid=21248753 |pmc=3084533}} 7. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Zhang F, Gradinaru V, Adamantidis AR, Durand R, Airan RD, de Lecea L, Deisseroth K | title = Optogenetic interrogation of neural circuits: technology for probing mammalian brain structures | journal = Nature Protocols | volume = 5 | issue = 3 | pages = 439–56 | year = 2010 | pmid = 20203662 | pmc = 4503465 | doi = 10.1038/nprot.2009.226 | url = }} 8. ^{{cite journal|last1=Zhang|first1=Feng|last2=Tsai|first2=Hsing-Chen|last3=Airan|first3=Raag D.|last4=Stuber|first4=Garret D.|last5=Adamantidis|first5=Antoine R.|last6=de Lecea|first6=Luis|last7=Bonci|first7=Antonello|last8=Deisseroth|first8=Karl|title=Optogenetics in Freely Moving Mammals: Dopamine and Reward|journal=Cold Spring Harbor Protocols|volume=2015|issue=8|year=2015|pages=pdb.top086330|issn=1940-3402|doi=10.1101/pdb.top086330}} 9. ^{{cite journal|title=Method of the Year 2010|journal=Nature Methods|volume=8|issue=1|year=2010|pages=1–1|issn=1548-7091|doi=10.1038/nmeth.f.321}} 10. ^{{cite journal |last=Garneau |first=Josiane E.|last2=Dupuis |first2=Marie-Ève |last3=Villion |first3=Manuela |last4=Romero |first4=Dennis A. |last5=Barrangou |first5=Rodolphe |last6=Boyaval |first6=Patrick |last7=Fremaux |first7=Christophe |last8=Horvath |first8=Philippe |last9=Magadán |first9=Alfonso H. |last10=Moineau |first10=Sylvain |title=The CRISPR/Cas bacterial immune system cleaves bacteriophage and plasmid DNA |journal=Nature |date=November 4, 2010 |volume=468 |issue=7320 |pages=67–71 |doi=10.1038/nature09523 |pmid=21048762|bibcode=2010Natur.468...67G}} 11. ^{{cite web| title=Project Spotlight: CRISPR| url=https://www.broadinstitute.org/what-broad/areas-focus/project-spotlight/crispr| accessdate = 29 October 2015}} 12. ^{{cite journal|last1=Cong|first1=L.|last2=Ran|first2=F. A.|last3=Cox|first3=D.|last4=Lin|first4=S.|last5=Barretto|first5=R.|last6=Habib|first6=N.|last7=Hsu|first7=P. D.|last8=Wu|first8=X.|last9=Jiang|first9=W.|last10=Marraffini|first10=L. A.|last11=Zhang|first11=F.|title=Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems|journal=Science|date=3 January 2013|volume=339|issue=6121|pages=819–823|doi=10.1126/science.1231143|pmid=23287718|pmc=3795411}} 13. ^{{cite journal|last1=Hsu|first1=Patrick D|last2=Scott|first2=David A|last3=Weinstein|first3=Joshua A|last4=Ran|first4=F Ann|last5=Konermann|first5=Silvana|last6=Agarwala|first6=Vineeta|last7=Li|first7=Yinqing|last8=Fine|first8=Eli J|last9=Wu|first9=Xuebing|last10=Shalem|first10=Ophir|last11=Cradick|first11=Thomas J|last12=Marraffini|first12=Luciano A|last13=Bao|first13=Gang|last14=Zhang|first14=Feng|title=DNA targeting specificity of RNA-guided Cas9 nucleases|journal=Nature Biotechnology|date=21 July 2013|volume=31|issue=9|pages=827–832|doi=10.1038/nbt.2647|pmid=23873081|pmc=3969858}} 14. ^{{cite journal|last1=Jinek|first1=M.|last2=Chylinski|first2=K.|last3=Fonfara|first3=I.|last4=Hauer|first4=M.|last5=Doudna|first5=J. A.|last6=Charpentier|first6=E.|title=A Programmable Dual-RNA-Guided DNA Endonuclease in Adaptive Bacterial Immunity|journal=Science|date=28 June 2012|volume=337|issue=6096|pages=816–821|doi=10.1126/science.1225829|pmid=22745249}} 15. ^{{cite journal |last=Cong |first=L. |last2=Ran |first2=F. A. |last3=Cox |first3=D. |last4=Lin |first4=S. |last5=Barretto |first5=R. |last6=Habib |first6=N. |last7=Hsu |first7=P. D. |last8=Wu |first8=X. |last9=Jiang |first9=W. |last10=Marraffini |first10=L. A. |last11=Zhang |first11=F. |title=Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems |journal=Science |date=January 3, 2013 |volume=339 |issue=6121 |pages=819–823 |doi=10.1126/science.1231143 |pmid=23287718 |pmc=3795411|bibcode=2013Sci...339..819C }} 16. ^{{cite journal |last=Hsu |first=Patrick D |last2=Scott |first2=David A |last3=Weinstein |first3=Joshua A |last4=Ran |first4=F Ann |last5=Konermann |first5=Silvana |last6=Agarwala |first6=Vineeta |last7=Li |first7=Yinqing |last8=Fine |first8=Eli J |last9=Wu |first9=Xuebing |last10=Shalem |first10=Ophir |last11=Cradick |first11=Thomas J |last12=Marraffini |first12=Luciano A |last13=Bao |first13=Gang |last14=Zhang |first14=Feng |title=DNA targeting specificity of RNA-guided Cas9 nucleases |journal=Nature Biotechnology |date=July 21, 2013 |volume=31 |issue=9 |pages=827–832 |doi=10.1038/nbt.2647 |pmid=23873081 |pmc=3969858}} 17. ^{{cite journal|last1=Gootenberg|first1=Jonathan S.|last2=Abudayyeh|first2=Omar O.|last3=Lee|first3=Jeong Wook|last4=Essletzbichler|first4=Patrick|last5=Dy|first5=Aaron J.|last6=Joung|first6=Julia|last7=Verdine|first7=Vanessa|last8=Donghia|first8=Nina|last9=Daringer|first9=Nichole M.|last10=Freije|first10=Catherine A.|last11=Myhrvold|first11=Cameron|last12=Bhattacharyya|first12=Roby P.|last13=Livny|first13=Jonathan|last14=Regev|first14=Aviv|last15=Koonin|first15=Eugene V.|last16=Hung|first16=Deborah T.|last17=Sabeti|first17=Pardis C.|last18=Collins|first18=James J.|last19=Zhang|first19=Feng|title=Nucleic acid detection with CRISPR-Cas13a/C2c2|journal=Science|volume=356|issue=6336|year=2017|pages=438–442|issn=0036-8075|doi=10.1126/science.aam9321|pmid=28408723|pmc=5526198}} 18. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.technologyreview.com/lists/innovators-under-35/2013/pioneer/feng-zhang/ |title=Genomic research may finally help dispel the ignorance shrouding many types of mental illness. |last=Rotman |first=David |date=2013 |website=MIT Technology Review |accessdate=January 27, 2017}} 19. ^{{cite web |title=Stanford and MIT scientists win Perl-UNC Neuroscience Prize |url=http://www.med.unc.edu/neuroscience/about-us/news/center-news/4-30-12-stanford-and-mit-scientists-win-perl-unc-neuroscience-prize/ |publisher=UNC School of Medicine |accessdate=January 27, 2017 |quote=Development and Application of Optogenetics for Studying Neural Circuit Functions}} 20. ^{{cite web |title=Alan T. Waterman Award Recipients |url=https://www.nsf.gov/od/waterman/waterman_recipients.jsp#2014 |publisher=NSF |accessdate=January 27, 2017 |quote=For development and application of molecular technologies that enable systematic interrogation of intact biological systems through precise genomic manipulation.}} 21. ^{{cite web |title=Past Winners {{pipe}} Gabbay Award {{pipe}} Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center |url=http://www.brandeis.edu/rosenstiel/gabbayaward/past.html |publisher=Brandeis University |accessdate=January 27, 2017}} 22. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sfn.org/Press-Room/News-Release-Archives/2014/Feng-Zhang-and-Diana-Bautista-Receive-Young-Investigator-Award |title=Feng Zhang, Diana Bautista Receive Young Investigator Award |publisher=SfN |accessdate=January 27, 2017}} 23. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.itbm.nagoya-u.ac.jp/okazaki_award/feng_chang.html |title=Tsuneko & Reiji Okazaki Award - Feng Zhang |publisher=Nagoya University}} 24. ^{{cite web |title=Canada Gairdner International Award |url=http://gairdner.org/recipients/current |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329103111/http://www.gairdner.org/recipients/current |archivedate=March 29, 2016 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 25. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.tang-prize.org/en/owner_detail.php?cat=11&id=556 |title=2016 Tang Prize in Biopharmaceutical Science |accessdate=January 27, 2017 |quote=for the development of CRISPR/Cas9 as a breakthrough genome editing platform that promises to revolutionize biomedical research and disease treatment}} 26. ^Albany Medical Center Prize 2017 27. ^[https://lemelson.mit.edu/winners/feng-zhang Lemelson-MIT Prize 2017] 28. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasonline.org/news-and-multimedia/news/May-1-2018-NAS-Election.html|title=May 1 2018 NAS Election|last=http://www.nasonline.org|first=National Academy of Sciences -|website=www.nasonline.org|access-date=2018-05-01}} External links
18 : 1982 births|Living people|American neuroscientists|Harvard University alumni|Stanford Medical School alumni|Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty|Synthetic biologists|Chinese emigrants to the United States|American scientists of Chinese descent|Tang Prize laureates|Chinese neuroscientists|American biochemists|Chinese biochemists|People from Shijiazhuang|Scientists from Hebei|Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences|Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences|Educators from Hebei |
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