| 词条 | Raymond Chow |
| 释义 |
| name = Raymond Chow Man-Wai | image = Raymond Chow 2011.jpg | alt = | caption = Raymond Chow at the 5th Asian Film Awards in 2011 | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1927|10|8}} | birth_place = Hong Kong | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2018|11|2|1927|10|8}} | death_place = Hong Kong | occupation = Film producer | awards = {{awards|award=Hong Kong Film Awards|name=Best Film 1986 Police Story Lifetime Achievement Award 2008}} | module = {{Infobox Chinese|child=yes | t = 鄒文懷 | s = 邹文怀 | p = Zōu Wénhuái | j = Zau1 Man4 Waai1 }} }}{{Infobox Chinese |pic=Raymond Chow, Avenue of Stars.JPG |picsize=200px |piccap=Chow's star on the Avenue of Stars, Hong Kong |showflag=stp |s=邹文怀 |t=鄒文懷 |p=Zōu Wénhuái |myr=Dzōu Wénhuái |mi={{IPAc-cmn|z|ou|1|-|wen|2|h|uai|2|}} |w=Tsou Wen-huai |j=Zau1 Man4 Waai4 |y=Jáu Màhn Wàaih |ci={{IPA-yue|tsɐ́u mɐ̏nwȁːi|}} |h=Tseu{{Su|p=1}} Wun{{Su|p=2}}-fai{{Su|p=2}} }}Raymond Chow Man-Wai, {{post-nominals|country=HKG|OBE|GBS}} ({{zh|t=鄒文懷}}; 8 October 1927 – 2 November 2018) was a Hong Kong film producer, and presenter. He was responsible for successfully launching martial arts and the Hong Kong cinema onto the international stage. As the founder of Golden Harvest, he produced some of the biggest stars of the martial arts film genre, including Bruce Lee, Jackie Chan, and Tsui Hark.[1] Early lifeOf Hakka Han ethnicity, Chow attended Saint John's University, Shanghai,[2] and graduated with a B.A in journalism in 1949. In 1951 he joined the Voice of America office in Hong Kong.[3][4] He also studied martial arts under master Lam Sai-wing.[5] CareerChow's film career began in 1958. He was the head of publicity and the production chief of Shaw Brothers between 1958 and 1970. He leased Cathay's studio and contracted its exhibition chain of 104 cinema theatres in Southeast Asia.[6] At the time Cathay was a predominant force in the Malaysian film industry.[7][8] When Cathay wanted to end the company's association in Hong Kong, Chow left Shaw Brothers to establish Golden Harvest in 1970. He capitalized on the shortcomings of Shaw Brothers, who had a system that limited creativity, and was able to lure Bruce Lee into Golden Harvest, making it a serious competitor to Shaw Brothers. Under Chow's leadership, Golden Harvest would become the cornerstone for Hong Kong cinema leading Hong Kong box office sales for two decades from the 1970s to 1980s.[2] Whilst Chow is credited with producing many films, in the audio commentary for the UK release of Zu Warriors from the Magic Mountain, Tsui Hark in a conversation with Bey Logan who asked the elementary question of Chow's role as a film producer, explained that this credit is mostly meaningless. Tsui stated that any producer's role at the studio was often nothing more than to greenlight and ensure funding of the project, and that producers such as Chow would rarely, if ever, set foot on the set during the making of the film.[9] Raymond Chow officially announced his retirement in Hong Kong on November 5, 2007.[10] Chow died on November 2, 2018, in Hong Kong.[1] References1. ^1 {{cite news |title=Raymond Chow, Hong Kong producer who found Bruce Lee, dies |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/03/raymond-chow-hong-kong-producer-who-found-bruce-lee-dies |newspaper=The Guardian |accessdate=3 November 2018|date=2018-11-03 |agency=Associated Press }} 2. ^1 Chu, Yingchi. [2003] (2003). Hong Kong Cinema: Coloniser, Motherland and Self. Routledge. {{ISBN|0-7007-1746-3}} 3. ^{{cite web |title=Raymond Chow, film producer behind Bruce Lee, dies at 91 |url=https://www.independent.ie/entertainment/movies/raymond-chow-film-producer-behind-bruce-lee-dies-at-91-37486304.html |website=Irish Independent |accessdate=3 November 2018}} 4. ^{{cite web |last1=Boucher |first1=Geoff |last2=Pedersen |first2=Erik |title=Raymond Chow Dies: Iconic Hong Kong Producer Launched Bruce Lee & Jackie Chan |url=https://deadline.com/2018/11/raymond-chow-dead-producer-bruce-lee-jackie-chan-enter-the-dragon-1202494945/ |website=Deadline Hollywood |accessdate=3 November 2018|date=2018-11-02 }} 5. ^{{cite web |last1=Williams |first1=Trey |title=Raymond Chow, 'Enter the Dragon' and 'Police Story' Producer, Dies at 91 |url=https://www.msn.com/en-ca/entertainment/movies/news/raymond-chow-enter-the-dragon-and-police-story-producer-dies-at-91/ar-BBPhp8J |website=MSN.com |accessdate=4 November 2018}} 6. ^Teo, Stephen (2009). Chinese Martial Arts: The Wuxia Tradition. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, pg. 111. 7. ^{{cite journal |last1=Po-yin Chung |first1=Stephanie |title=A Chinese movie mogul and the transformation of his movie empire—the Loke Wan Tho family and the Cathay Organisation in Southern China and Southeast Asia (1915–2000) |journal=Asia Europe Journal |volume=7 |issue=3–4 |pages=463–478 |date=2009 |doi=10.1007/s10308-009-0233-3 }} 8. ^{{cite book |last1=Suryadinata |first1=Leo |title=Southeast Asian Personalities of Chinese Descent: A Biographical Dictionary |date=2012 |publisher=ISEAS Publishing/Institute of Southeast Asia Studies |location=Singapore |isbn=978-981-4345-22-4 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=v9QEBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA695&lpg=PA695&dq=Cathay+Organisation+was+the+biggest+southeast+asia#v=onepage&q=Cathay&f=false}} 9. ^{{cite video|people=Tsui Hark and Bey Logan|title=Zu Warriors from the Magic Mountain, commentary track|medium=DVD|publisher=Hong Kong Legends|date=2002}} 10. ^Chow announces retirement External links
Recipients of the Gold Bauhinia Star}}{{s-ttl|title = Hong Kong order of precedence Recipients of the Gold Bauhinia Star}}{{s-aft|after = Cheng Hon-kwan Recipients of the Gold Bauhinia Star}}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Chow, Raymond}} 12 : 1927 births|Hong Kong chief executives|Hong Kong entrepreneurs|Hong Kong film producers|Hong Kong film presenters|Hong Kong people of Hakka descent|2018 deaths|People from Dabu|Officers of the Order of the British Empire|Recipients of the Gold Bauhinia Star|Asian film producers|St. John's University, Shanghai alumni |
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