| 词条 | Flat spot (reflection seismology) |
| 释义 |
In reflection seismology, a flat spot is a seismic attribute anomaly that appears as a horizontal reflector cutting across the stratigraphy elsewhere present on the seismic image.[1] Its appearance can indicate the presence of hydrocarbons. Therefore, it is known as a direct hydrocarbon indicator and is used by geophysicists in hydrocarbon exploration. TheoryA flat spot can result from the increase in acoustic impedance when a gas-filled porous rock (with a lower acoustic impedance) overlies a liquid-filled porous rock (with a higher acoustic impedance). It may stand out on a seismic image because it is flat and will contrast with surrounding dipping reflections.[2] CautionThere are a number of other possible reasons for there being a flat spot on a seismic image. It could be representative of a mineralogical change in the subsurface or an unresolved shallower multiple. Additionally, the interpretation of a flat spot should be attempted after depth conversion to confirm that the anomaly is actually flat.[1] See also
References1. ^1 {{Cite book|author1=Gluyas, J. |author2=Swarbrick, R. | year=2011 | title=Petroleum Geoscience |edition=2nd | publisher=Blackwell Publishing | isbn=978-0-632-03767-4|page= 242}} 2. ^{{Cite book|author1=Sheriff, R. E. |author2=Geldart, L. P. | year=1995 | title=Exploration Seismology |edition=2nd | publisher=Cambridge University Press | isbn=0-521-46826-4 |page= 416}} 2 : Seismology measurement|Petroleum geology |
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