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词条 Flint mining
释义

  1. List of flint mines

  2. Further reading

  3. See also

  4. References

  5. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}}

Flint mining is the process of extracting flint from underground. Flint mines can be as simple as a pit on the surface or an area of quarrying, or it may refer to a series of shafts and tunnels used to extract flint.

Flint has been mined since the Palaeolithic, but was most common during the Neolithic. Flint was especially valued in prehistory for its use in weaponry. Although flint is not as valuable a resource in modern times, a few flint mines remain in operation even today (for example at Miorcani).[1]

List of flint mines

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
  • Austria
    • Mauer-Antonshöhe (German Wiki: Mauer-Antonshöhe)
    • "Am Feuerstein" in Kleinwalsertal (Vorarlberg)
  • Belgium
    • The Neolithic flint mines of Spiennes
    • Jandrain-Jandrenouille (Orp-Jauche)
  • Denmark
    • Hov (near Thisted)
  • Egypt
    • Taramsa (near Qena)[2]
    • Nazlet Khater (Upper Egypt)
  • France
    • Flint mines of Bretteville-le-Rabet located between Caen and Falaise, Calvados. (German Wiki: Feuersteinbergwerke von Bretteville-le-Rabet)
    • Jablines[3][4] (German Wiki: Feuersteinminen von Jablines)
    • Le Grand-Pressigny
  • Germany
    • Lengfeld (near Bad Abbach).
    • Abensberg-Arnhofen near Abensberg. (German wiki: Flint mine at Abensberg-Arnhofen)
    • Asch (near Blaubeuren)
    • Baiersdorf (near Essing)
    • Kleinkems in Efringen-Kirchen
    • Lousberg in Aachen
    • Bottmersdorf
    • Osterberg
    • On Rügen island there are the exposed flint fields between Mukran and Prora.
    • Schernfeld
  • Great Britain[5]
    • Grimes Graves near Brandon, close to the border between Norfolk and Suffolk[6][7]
    • Cissbury Church Hill near the village of Findon West Sussex
    • Penmaenmawr in Conwy County Borough, Wales
    • Beer (Devon)
  • Hungary
    • Tata
    • Szentgál
  • Netherlands
    • Rijckholt Sint-Geertruid mines. (German wiki: Rijckholt-Feuerstein)
  • Pakistan
    • Flint quarries in Rohri Hills and Ongar (Sindh province)[8]
  • Poland
    • Krzemionki[9]
    • Wierzbica "Zele"[10]
    • Skałecznica Duża
    • Korycizna
    • Sąspów
    • Krunio
    • Borownia
    • Bębło
    • Rybniki
  • Romania
    • Outside the village of Miorcani, there is a modern flint mine.
    • Piatra Tomii near the village of Răcătau
  • Spain
    • Casa Montero  
  • Switzerland
    • between Olten and Wangen bei Olten
    • Lägern between Wettingen and Regensberg
    • Löwenburg (Pleigne, Canton of Jura)
  • USA
    • Alibates Flint Quarries National Monument
{{div col end}}

Further reading

The above-mentioned flint mining sites and others are mentioned in the following texts:

  • Allard, Bostyn, Giligny, Lech (Editors) 2006[11]
  • Aubry & Mangado 2006[12]
  • Hunt Ortiz 1996[13]
  • Matías Rodríguez, R. 2005[14]
  • Weisgerber & Slotta 1999[15]

See also

  • Stone Fields in the Schmale Heath and Extension - nature reserve

References

1. ^{{cite web|last=Mindo S.A.|title=Mindo S.A. Annual Report|url=http://www.mindo.ro/pdf/raportanual2010.pdf|accessdate=14 May 2012}}
2. ^{{cite journal|last=Verri|first=G.|title=Flint mining in prehistory recorded by in situ-produced cosmogenic 10Be|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|date=17 May 2004|volume=101|issue=21|pages=7880–7884|doi=10.1073/pnas.0402302101|url=http://www.pnas.org/content/101/21/7880.long|pmid=15148365|pmc=419525}}
3. ^{{cite book|last=Bostyn, F. and Lanchon, Y. (eds.)|title=Jablines. Le Haut Château (Seine-et-Marne). Une minière de silex au Néolithique.|year=1992|publisher=Documents d’Archéologie Française, 35|location=Paris: Editions de la Maison des Sciences de L’Homme}}
4. ^{{cite book|last1=Bostyn|first1=F.|last2=Lanchon|first2=Y.|chapter=The Neolithic Flint Mine at Jablines, ‘Le Haut Château’ (Seine-et-Marne)|title=Siliceous rocks and culture|year=1997|publisher=Universidad de Granada|location=Granada|isbn=9788433823908|pages=271–291|editor1=A. Ramos-Millán|editor2=M.A. Bustillo,}}
5. ^{{cite book|last=Barber, M., Field, D. and Topping, P.|title=The Neolithic Flint Mines of England|year=1999|publisher=English Heritage|location=Swindon}}
6. ^{{cite journal|last=Holgate, R.|title=Neolithic flint mining in Britain|journal=Archaeologia Polona|year=1995|volume=33|pages=133–161}}
7. ^{{cite book|last=Topping, P.|title=Structured deposition, symbolism, and the English flint mines. In R. Schild and Z. Sulgostowska (eds), Man and Flint. Proceedings of the VIIth International Flint Symposium. Warszawa-Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Warszawa|year=1997|publisher=Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology Polish Academy of Sciences|location=Warsaw|pages=127–131}}
8. ^{{cite web|title=The Rohri Flint Quarries; Bibliography|url=http://www.harappa.com/rohri/rohribiblio.html}}
9. ^{{cite book|author1=Migal, W. |author2=Salacinski, S.|title=Studies at Krzemionki during the last decade. In R. Schild and Z. Sulgostowska, Man and Flint. Proceedings of the VIIth International Flint Symposium. Warszawa-Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski|year=1997|publisher=Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology. Polish Academy of Sciences|location=Warsaw|pages=103–108}}
10. ^{{cite journal|author1=Lech, H. |author2=Lech, J.|title=The Prehistoric Flint Mine at Wierzbica ‘Zele’: A Case Study from Poland.|journal=World Archaeology|year=1984|volume=16|issue=2|pages=186–203|doi=10.1080/00438243.1984.9979927}}
11. ^{{cite book|last=Allard P.|title=Flint mining in prehistoric Europe : interpreting the archaeological records : European Association of Archaeologists, 12th annual meeting, Cracow, Poland, 19th-24th September 2006|year=2008|publisher=Archaeopress|location=Oxford|isbn=9781407303710|display-authors=etal}}
12. ^{{cite book|author1=Aubry, Thierry |author2=Mangado Llach, Javier|title=The Côa valley (Portugal) : lithic raw material characterisation and the reconstruction of Upper Palaeolithic settlement patterns|year=2006|publisher=In: Notions de territoire et de mobilité : exemples de l'Europe et des premières nations en Amérique du Nord avant le contact européen : actes des sessions présentées au Xe congrès annuel de l'Association européenne des Archéologues (EAA), Lyon, 8-11 sept|pages=41–49}}
13. ^{{cite book|last=Hunt Ortiz, M.A.|title=La explotación de los recursos minerales en Europa y la Península Ibérica durante la prehistoria.|year=1996|publisher=Universidad de Valladolid}}
14. ^{{cite journal|last=Matías Rodríguez, R.|title=Origen de la minería.|journal=Cimbra|year=2005|volume=362}}
15. ^{{cite book|vauthors=Weisgerber G, Slotta R|title=5000 Jahre Feuersteinbergbau : die Suche nach dem Stahl der Steinzeit ; Ausstellung im Deutschen Bergbau-Museum Bochum vom 24. Oktober 1980 bis 31. Januar 1981|year=1999|publisher=Deutsches Bergbau-Museum|location=Bochum|isbn=9783921533666|edition=3., verb., erw. u. aktualisierte Aufl.}}

External links

  • http://www.flintsource.net/
  • http://www.minesdespiennes.org/
  • http://bioge.ubbcluj.ro/~otis.crandell/cart/
  • http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba72/feat2.shtml
  • [https://artsandculture.google.com/exhibit/YwLyk055hOVVLg 'Globalising archaeology: producing tools in the Neolithic] on Google Arts& Culture

2 : Flint mining|Prehistoric mines

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