| Current Name | Former name in French | Former name in Dutch | Namesake | | Aketi | Aketi Port-Chaltin | Aketi-Chaltinhaven | Named in honour of Louis-Napoléon Chaltin, a colonial military officer of the Congo Free State. |
| Bandundu | Banningville | Banningstad | Named in honour of Émile Banning, influential Belgian civil servant and confident of Leopold II |
| Boteka | Flandria |
| Bukavu | Costermansville | Costermansstad | Named in honour of Paul Costermans, colonial administrator in the Free State, in 1927 |
| Djokupunda | Charlesville | Charlesstad |
| Gombe (Kinshasa) | Kalina | E. Kalina was an Austrian volunteer who is mentioned by Stanley and who drowned in Stanley Pool in 1883. Little is known of his life and his first name is unknown apart from the letter "E."}} |
| Ilebo | Port-Francqui | Francquihaven | Named in honour of Émile Francqui, businessman and philanthropist |
| Isiro | Paulis | Named in honour of Albert Paulis |
| Kalemie | Albertville | Albertstad | Named in honour of King Albert I |
| Kananga | Luluabourg | Luluaburg | Named after the nearby Lulua river |
| Kasa-Vubu (Kinshasa) | Dendale |
| Kikwit | Poto-Poto{{efn|From 1937. Before that, the city was known as Makaku or Makal}} |
| Kindu | Kindu Port-Émpain | Kindu Empain-Haven | Named in honour of Edouard Empain, Belgian industrialist |
| Kinshasa | Léopoldville | Leopoldstad | Named in honour of King Leopold II, King-Sovereign of the Congo Free State |
| Kisangani | Stanleyville | Stanleystad | Named in honour of Henry Morton Stanley, explorer |
| Kwilu Ngongo | Moerbeke | Named after the Belgian hometown of Maurice Lippens, a major investor in the local sugar industry |
| Likasi | Jadotville | Jadotstad | Jean Jadot (industrialist)|lt=Jean Jadot|fr|Jean Jadot (ingénieur)}}, businessman and industrialist |
| Lingwala (Kinshasa) | Saint-Jean | Named after St John the Apostle |
| Lubao | Sentery |
| Lubumbashi | Élisabethville | Elisabethstad | Named in honour of Queen Elisabeth |
| Lufu-Toto | Cattier | Named in honour of Félicien Cattier, businessman |
| Luila | Wolter |
| Lukutu | Elisabetha | Named in honour of Queen Elisabeth |
| Lusanga | Leverville | Leverstad |
| Makanza | Nouvelle-Anvers | Nieuw Antwerpen | Named after the Belgian port city of Antwerp |
| Makiso | Stanley | Named in honour of Henry Morton Stanley, explorer and namesake of Stanleyville |
| Mapangu | Brabanta | Named after Brabant in Belgium |
| Matonge (Kinshasa) | Renkin | Named in honour of Jules Renkin, Belgian politician, Colonial Minister (1908–18) and later Prime Minister (1931–32) |
| Mbandaka | Previously known as "Équateurville"}} | Cocquilhatstad | Named in honour of Camille Coquilhat, colonial administrator and town's founder. |
| Mbanza-Ngungu | Thysville | Thysstad | Named in honour of Albert Thys, Belgian colonist and businessman |
| Moba | Baudoinville | Boudewijnstad | Named in honour of Prince Baudouin, nephew (and intended successor) of Leopold II |
| Mobayi-Mbongo | Banzyville | Banzystad |
| Mbuji-Mayi | Bakwanga |
| Ngaliema (Kinshasa) | Stanley | Named in honour of Henry Morton Stanley, explorer |
| Nsiamfumu | Vista |
| Tshilundu | Mérode | Named after the House of Mérode |
| Ubundu | Ponthierville | Ponthierstad | Pierre Ponthier|fr}}, colonial soldier |