| 词条 | Fort Madalena |
| 释义 |
|name = Fort Madalena |native_name = Il-Fortizza tal-Madliena |partof = the Victoria Lines |location = Madliena, Swieqi, Malta |image = Malta - Swieqi - Triq il-Madliena - Fort Madliena 08 ies.jpg |image_size = 300px |caption = Entrance to Fort Madliena |type = Polygonal fort and artillery battery |coordinates = {{coord|35|55|51.53|N|14|27|42.5|E|display=inline|region:MT_type:landmark_source:GNS-enwiki}} |ownership = Government of Malta |controlledby = Armed Forces of Malta St John Rescue Corps |open_to_public = Yes |built = 1878–1880 |used = 1880–present |builder = British Empire |materials = Limestone and Concrete |height = |condition = Intact |battles = World War II |events = }} Fort Madalena, also known as Fort Madliena ({{lang-mt|Il-Fortizza tal-Madliena}}), is a polygonal fort in Madliena, limits of Swieqi, Malta. It was built between 1878 and 1880 by the British as part of the Victoria Lines. The fort now falls under the responsibility of the Armed Forces of Malta and is used by the St John Rescue Corps. HistoryFort Madalena was built by the British as part of the Victoria Lines, a line of fortifications along the northern part of Malta, dividing it from the more heavily populated south. It is one of three forts built along the lines, the other two being Fort Binġemma and Fort Mosta. Fort Madalena, which is located at the eastern extremity of the line, was second of the forts to be built. It was built on the site of a fifteenth century chapel dedicated to Mary Magdalene, which gave the fort its name. Construction of the pentagonal fort began in 1878 and was completed in 1880, at a total cost of £9400. The fort itself is quite small, with the short sides of the pentagon being about 30 metres long. The entire fort is surrounded by a 6-metre deep and 4-metre wide ditch. It was armed with a single RML 11-inch gun, four 64-pounders, two 40-pounders and two field guns.[1] Later on, an artillery battery was built around the pentagonal fort, facing the sea for coastal defence. The battery was armed with two BL 9.2-inch guns.[2] In 1906, the RML 11-inch guns were replaced by BL 9.2-inch Mk X guns which had an effective range of about 8000 yards. Although the Victoria Lines were abandoned in 1907, Fort Madalena, along with Fort Binġemma, remained in use for coastal defence. Its guns were removed during the interwar period, and it was later used by the Royal Air Force as a communications post, and then as a radar station during World War II. The radar station remained in use by NATO until British forces left Malta in 1979 and the fort was handed to the Armed Forces of Malta.[3] Present dayFort Madalena is still owned by the government and it falls under the responsibility of the 4th Regiment of the Armed Forces of Malta. A VTMIS radar was installed in 2006.[4] The fort is leased to the St John Rescue Corps, a volunteer civil defence organization, and is used as their headquarters and training school.[5] The fort is in good condition although some parts are in need of restoration.[6] It is open to the public on Saturday afternoons, or by appointment throughout the week.[7] References{{commons category|Fort Madliena}}1. ^{{cite book|last1=Castillo|first1=Dennis Angelo|title=The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta|date=2006|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=0313323291|page=135|url=https://books.google.com.mt/books?id=i5ns5LNtoiUC&pg=PA135#v=onepage&q&f=false}} {{Forts in Malta}}{{Malta-geo-stub}}2. ^{{cite web|title=Headquarters|url=http://www.stjohnrescuecorps.org/hq.html|website=St John Rescue Corps|accessdate=22 February 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=FAA tour of Fort Madalena|url=http://faa.org.mt/faa-tour-of-fort-madalena-2-11-2013/|website=faa.org.mt|accessdate=22 February 2015}} 4. ^{{cite news|title=Coastal VTMIS of Malta delivery anticipated ahead of schedule|url=http://www.transas.com/coastal-vtmis-of-malta-delivery-anticipated-ahead-of-schedule|accessdate=22 February 2015|work=transas.com|date=27 June 2006}} 5. ^{{cite news|title=St John Rescue Corps receives German equipment|url=http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20051211/local/st-john-rescue-corps-receives-german-equipment.69406|accessdate=22 February 2015|work=Times of Malta|date=11 December 2005}} 6. ^{{cite news|title=Study project on Fort Madliena|url=http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20021218/local/study-project-on-fort-madliena.160412|accessdate=22 February 2015|work=Times of Malta|date=18 December 2002}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Fort Madalena|url=http://www.visitmalta.com/en/info/fortmadalena|website=visitmalta.com|accessdate=22 February 2015}} 10 : Infrastructure completed in 1880|Polygonal forts in Malta|Batteries in Malta|Swieqi|British forts|Radar stations|World War II sites in Malta|Military installations of NATO|Limestone buildings in Malta|19th-century fortifications |
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