| 词条 | Francis Rynd |
| 释义 |
Francis Rynd AM, MRCS, MRIA (1801–1861) was an Irish physician, known for inventing the hollow needle used in hypodermic syringes. BackgroundRynd was born in Dublin, Ireland, in 1801 to James Rynd and his third wife Hester Fleetwood, of Ryndville Castle, County Meath and Derryvolan, County Fermanagh, Ireland, respectively. Rynd attended medical school at Trinity College, Dublin, where he was reputed to be a "wayward" student, known for his busy social life and love of fox hunting.[1][2][3] CareerRynd worked at the Meath Hospital in Dublin.[4] At the Meath Hospital he trained under surgeon Sir Philip Crampton[5] Rynd became a member of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1830. In 1836 he took a surgical post in the Meath Hospital working alongside William Stokes and Robert James Graves. Dr Rynd, who had a lucrative private practice, also served as medical superintendent of the Mountjoy Prison. Rynd was a member of the exclusive Kildare Club in Dublin. Hypodermic needleIn a 12 March 1845 article in the Dublin Medical Press, Rynd outlined how he had injected painkillers into a patient with a hypodermic syringe in on 3 June 1844:[6][7] "Margaret Cox, aetat. 59, of spare habit, was admitted into hospital, May 18, 1844, complaining of acute pain over the entire of left side of face, particularly in the supraorbital region, shooting into the eye, along the branches of the portio dura in the cheek, along the gums of both upper and lower jaw, much increased in this situation by shutting the mouth and pressing her teeth close together, and occasionally darting to the opposite side of the face and to the top and back of her head. This was the first known hypodermic injection.[8][9][10] Personal life and familyFrancis married Elizabeth Alley, daughter of Alderman John Alley who served as Lord Mayor of Dublin, and had three sons and daughters. Rynd named one of his sons Philip Crampton Rynd after his mentor Sir Philip Crampton. Rynd's half brother, Goodlatte Rynd, Esquire was killed at the Battle of Salamanca in 1812. Francis Rynd's niece by Goodlatte and Lady Harriet Jane Brown, née Temple, Lady Maria Rynd, married Pedro José Domingo de Guerra in 1840, then Bolivia's Consul at Paris.[11] Maria moved to South America and went on to become first lady of Bolivia in 1879. Her grandson, Jose Gutierrez Guerra, was president of Bolivia between 1917 and 1920. Rynd's nephew James Alexander Porterfield Rynd was an Irish chess master and barrister. Rynd died in Dublin in 1861 at the age of 60, after suffering a heart attack.[12] Notes1. ^Ormsby L: Medical History of the Meath Hospital and County Dublin Infirmary. Dublin, Fannin & Co, 1888. 2. ^http://www.irishtimes.com/news/the-irish-doctor-who-invented-the-syringe-1.1105651 3. ^Francis Rynd (1801-1861). JAMA. 1970;212(7):1208 4. ^Francis Rynd – inventor of the hypodermic syringe www.irelandcalling.ie 5. ^{{cite journal |last= |first= |last2= |first2= |date= 1862 |title= |url= |journal= Dublin Quarterly Journal of Medical Science |publisher= Fannin and Company|volume= 33|issue= |pages= 254 |doi= |accessdate=}} 6. ^Rynd F: Neuralgia - introduction of fluid to the nerve. Dublin Med Press. 13:167-168, 1845. 7. ^{{cite book |last1= |first1= |year= 2006 |editor1-last= Huth|editor1-first= Edward J.|editor1-link= |editor2-last= Murray|editor2-first= T. J. |title= Medicine in Quotations: Views of Health and Disease Through the Ages|trans-title=|url= |edition= 2nd|location= |publisher= American College of Physic|publication-date= |page= 130 }} 8. ^http://www.irishtimes.com/news/the-irish-doctor-who-invented-the-syringe-1.1105651 9. ^http://www.thejournal.ie/irish-doctor-who-invented-the-modern-injection-remembered-358584-Feb2012/ 10. ^Pates R, McBride A, Arnold K. Injecting Illicit Drugs. Wiley-Blackwell; 2008. 11. ^{{cite journal |last= |first= |last2= |first2= |date= 1840|title=Announcements |url= |journal= The Gentleman's Magazine|publisher= John Bowyer Nichols and Son|volume= 168|issue= |pages= 89 }} 12. ^http://www.irishtimes.com/news/the-irish-doctor-who-invented-the-syringe-1.1105651 Published works
References
4 : 1801 births|1861 deaths|19th-century Irish medical doctors|Physicians of the Meath Hospital |
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