| 词条 | Redhill railway station |
| 释义 |
| name = Redhill | symbol = rail | image_name = Redhill railway station.jpg | manager = Southern | locale = Redhill | borough = Borough of Reigate and Banstead | fare_zone = D
Redhill railway station serves the town of Redhill, Surrey, England. The station is a major interchange point on the Brighton Main Line, {{convert|22|mi|40|chain|km}} measured from {{rws|London Charing Cross}}.[2] It is managed by Southern, and is also served by Thameslink and GWR. HistoryThe local topography determined that it was cheaper to build and operate a railway line between London and Brighton which by-passed the parliamentary borough and long-established market town of Reigate and instead passed through the nearby Redstone or Red Hill gap in the Reigate Foreign (countryside) parish. According to the Acts of Parliament establishing railways between London and Brighton, and London and Dover, the line was to be shared between Croydon and Red Hill after which these two would deviate. The London and Brighton Railway (L&BR) constructed the new line during 1840 and 1841, with the South Eastern Railway (SER) contributing half of the construction cost and taking ownership of the section between Croydon and Red Hill.[2] (The SER had however been running services over the line since 1842.) The inevitable and continuing conflict between the two railway companies over the use of this joint line gave rise to the construction of four railway stations at the site of what was then a hamlet on the eastern side of Reigate.{{Citation needed|date=May 2011}} Red Hill and Reigate Road (London & Brighton Railway) stationThe original station was opened by the London and Brighton Railway on 12 July 1841 on a site to the south of the proposed junction with the South Eastern Main Line to Dover. The nearby market town was served by a horse-drawn omnibus service operated by the railway. This station was designed by the architect David Mocatta, and was one of a series of standardised modular buildings used by the railway.[3] It closed on 15 April 1844, when the LBR began to share the SER Redhill and Reigate station and was demolished soon afterwards. Redhill/Reigate (SER) stationsOn 26 May 1842 the SER opened what was originally called 'Redhill', but later misleadingly renamed 'Reigate' station, on their own stretch of line just beyond the junction. Passengers transferring between the two railways did so at the old Merstham station further up the line. The SER wanted to replace their 'Reigate' station with a joint station immediately before the junction, but the L&BR opposed the plan. As a result, the SER forced the issue by ending the arrangements at Merstham, thereby forcing passengers to transfer between the two stations at Redhill by foot.[4] Redhill and Reigate stationOn 15 April 1844 the SER built a new station at the present site, named 'Redhill and Reigate' which was to be used by both railways as the interchange station. On the same day the two existing stations were closed. The branch line to Reigate was opened in 1849 with a new station called Reigate Town.[5] Nevertheless, the London Brighton and South Coast Railway (the successor of the L&BR) continued to operate the omnibus service for its own passengers.[6] Redhill Junction stationThe SER 'Redhill and Reigate' station was rebuilt and enlarged on the same site in August 1858 when it was renamed 'Redhill Junction'. The chronic congestion at the station was however eased after 1 May 1868 when Redhill ceased to be on the South Eastern Main Line to Dover following the opening of the 'Sevenoaks cut off' line between St Johns and Tonbridge railway station.[7] A ten-year agreement between the SER and the London Brighton and South Coast Railway (LBSCR the successor to the L&BR after July 1846) over the use of the station and lines to Coulsdon was signed 1 February 1869 and renewed ten years later.[8] However, during the 1880s, as traffic increased the disputes over the use of line and Redhill station re-occurred. This became known as the 'Southern Lines Controversy' and ultimately led to the construction of the Quarry Line by the LB&SCR in 1899, which avoided Redhill.[9] The LB&SCR diverted many of its Brighton main line trains to the new line, but retained running powers over the original line and the use of Redhill station. These were continued until both the SER and the LBSCR came under the ownership of the Southern Railway 1 January 1923 and the name of the joint station was changed to Redhill in July 1929. ElectrificationThe Brighton main line and the line from Redhill to Reigate were both electrified under the Southern Railway in 1 January 1933. The Redhill to Tonbridge Line was electrified under British Rail in 1993. DescriptionRedhill station is at the junction of the Brighton Main Line, which runs north to London and south to Gatwick Airport and Brighton, with the ex-SER North Downs Line, which runs west to Guildford and Reading, and the Redhill to Tonbridge Line, to the east. The station has four passenger platforms and a parcels bay (which is now out of use). From west to east: platform 0 is the most recently built (which accounts for its unusual numbering) and serves destinations including Bedford, Reading, London Victoria and Reigate;[10] platforms 1 and 2 are an island; there are two through lines between platforms 2 and 3; platform 3 and the old parcels dock are on the eastern side with a secondary entrance/exit. All passenger platforms are of 12 car length, and all are subdivided into 'a' (north end) and 'b' (south end). Platform 1 is a bay platform with no northbound access; otherwise all platforms have access to all routes. There is no access from either through line to or from the North Downs Line - all traffic from this direction must pass through a platform.[11] Platforms are linked by a subway, and by an out-of use parcels/staff bridge. There are lifts from the platforms to the subway and a level entrance from the Platform 3 exit, with a further lift between the subway and the main entrance, which is at street level. The main entrance faces the town centre, and is opposite Redhill bus station. The ticket office has four windows and four Shere FASTticket self-service ticket machines, and there are four automatic ticket barriers. There is a Puccino's coffee shop on platforms 1 and 2. There is an additional Shere FASTticket machine at the platform 3 exit. {{clear left}}ServicesTrains at Redhill are provided by Southern, Thameslink, Great Western Railway. On rare occasions, Southeastern operate services between Charing Cross and Hastings via Redhill. The typical off-peak service is
Brighton Mainline |col={{Southern colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=Merstham|next=Reigate|route=Southern North Downs Line London Victoria to Reigate |col={{Southern colour}} }}{{rail line |next=Nutfield|route=Southern Redhill to Tonbridge Line |col={{Southern colour}} }}{{rail line two to one |previous1=East Croydon|next=Gatwick Airport|route1=Thameslink Thameslink |col1={{TL colour}} |previous2=Reigate|route2=Great Western Railway North Downs Line |col2={{FGW colour}} }}{{rail line|previous={{stnlnk|Purley}}|next=Earlswood|route=Thameslink Thameslink |col={{TL colour}} }}{{S-end}} Oyster extensionOn 11 January 2016, payment using Oyster and contactless payment cards was introduced at Redhill, as part of the Oyster extension from Merstham to Gatwick Airport.[12][13] The station is outside of the London Fare Zone area, and special fares apply. Motive power depotAn engine shed, turntable and locomotive coaling and servicing facilities were installed by the South Eastern Railway in 1855 in the area between the Brighton and Tonbridge lines. These facilities were rebuilt by the Southern Railway in 1924 and lasted until the end of steam in the area in 1965.[14] The site of the depot remained in use as a stabling point for many years after this. Further sidings to the west and south-west of platform 1 were removed during the construction of platform 0 in 2016-17. References1. ^{{citation step free south east rail}} 2. ^{{cite book |last1=Dendy Marshall |first1=C.F. |last2=Kidner |first2=R.W. |title=History of the Southern Railway |edition=2nd |year=1963 |origyear=1937 |publisher=Ian Allan |location=Shepperton |isbn=0-7110-0059-X |pages=200, 283, 496 |ref=harv }} 3. ^{{cite journal | last = Cole | first = David | title = Mocatta's stations for the Brighton Railway | journal = Journal of transport history | volume =5 | pages =149–157 | publisher =Manchester University Press | location =Manchester | date =1958 | issn = 0022-5266 }} 4. ^{{Cite book| last= Howard Turner | first= John| year=1977 | title= The London Brighton and South Coast Railway 1 Origins and Formation | publisher=Batsford | isbn= 0-7134-0275-X |pages=184, 251 }} 5. ^Butt, R.V.J. (1995). The Directory of Railway Stations, Patrick Stephens Ltd, Sparkford, {{ISBN|1-85260-508-1}}, p. 196. 6. ^Eborall, C.W. & Smiles, S. (1863). Report of the General Manager and Secretary on the relations of the South Eastern and Brighton Companies, McCorqudale & Co. [for the South Eastern Railway], p. 3. 7. ^H.P. White, A regional history of the railways of Great Britain. Vol. 2 Southern England, Phoenix House, 1961 p.44. 8. ^Turner, (1977) pp.112-3. 9. ^{{harvnb|Dendy Marshall|Kidner|1963|pp=236–7,496}} 10. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.getsurrey.co.uk/news/surrey-news/redhills-platform-0-finally-open-14103613|title=Redhill Platform 0 finally open - here's what passengers thought|last=Steed|first=Les|date=2018-01-02|work=getsurrey|access-date=2018-01-07}} 11. ^1 {{cite book |last=Yonge |first=John |editor-last=Jacobs |editor-first=Gerald |title=Railway Track Diagrams 5: Southern & TfL |edition=3rd |date=November 2008 |origyear=1994 |publisher=Trackmaps |location=Bradford on Avon |isbn=978-0-9549866-4-3 |at=map 15A |ref=harv }} 12. ^{{Cite web|title = Contactless payments and Oyster to make travel to and from Gatwick Airport seamless : Southern|url = http://www.southernrailway.com/southern/news/contactless-payments-and-oyster-to-make-travel-to-and-from-gatwick-airport-seamless/|website = www.southernrailway.com|accessdate = 2015-11-20|deadurl = yes|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20151121062932/http://www.southernrailway.com/southern/news/contactless-payments-and-oyster-to-make-travel-to-and-from-gatwick-airport-seamless/|archivedate = 21 November 2015|df = dmy-all}} 13. ^{{Cite web|title = Finally! You can get to Gatwick Airport from London using your Oyster : Metro|url = http://metro.co.uk/2016/01/11/finally-you-can-get-to-gatwick-airport-from-london-using-your-oyster-card-5614796/|website = www.metro.co.uk|accessdate = 2016-01-25}} 14. ^Hawkins, Chris and Reeves, George. (1979). An historical survey of Southern sheds, Oxford Publishing Co., {{ISBN|0-86093-020-3}}, p.70. External links
6 : Railway stations in Surrey|Former South Eastern Railway (UK) stations|Railway stations opened in 1858|Thameslink railway stations|Railway stations served by Great Western Railway|Railway stations served by Southern |
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