1. Science and technology
     Chemistry    Computing and algorithms    Pure mathematics and statistics    Medicine    Medical procedures    Other uses in medicine    Physics    Other uses in science and technology  

2. Arts and media

3. Linguistics

4. Philosophy

5. Politics and social policy

6. Settlements

7. Other uses

8. See also

Reduction, reduced, or reduce may refer to:

Science and technology

Chemistry

• Reduction, part of a reduction-oxidation (redox) reaction in which atoms have their oxidation state changed.
  • Organic redox reaction, a redox reaction that takes place with organic compounds
  • Reduced gas, a gas with low oxidation number
  • Reducing agent, element or compound in a redox reaction that donates an electron to another species
  • Reducing atmosphere, an oxygen-poor gaseous environment that inhibits oxidation
  • Reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes a reduction reaction
  • Reduction potential, a measure of the tendency of a chemical species to acquire electrons
  • Ore reduction: see smelting

Computing and algorithms

• Reduction (complexity), a transformation of one problem into another problem
• Reduction (recursion theory), given sets A and B of natural numbers, is it possible to effectively convert a method for deciding membership in B into a method for deciding membership in A?
• Bit Rate Reduction, an audio compression method
• Data reduction, simplifying data in order to facilitate analysis
• Graph reduction, an efficient version of non-strict evaluation
• L-reduction, a transformation of optimization problems which keeps the approximability features
• Partial order reduction, a technique for reducing the size of the state-space to be searched by a model checking algorithm
• Strength reduction, a compiler optimization where a function of some systematically changing variable is calculated more efficiently by using previous values of the function
• Variance reduction, a procedure used to increase the precision of the estimates that can be obtained for a given number of iterations
• Reduce (computer algebra system), a general-purpose computer algebra system geared towards applications in physics
• Reduce (higher-order function), in functional programming, a family of higher-order functions that process a data structure in some order and build up a return value
• Reduced instruction set computing, a CPU design philosophy favoring an instruction set reduced in size and complexity of addressing, to simplify implementation, instruction level parallelism, and compiling

Pure mathematics and statistics

• Reducible as the opposite of irreducible (mathematics)
• Reduction (mathematics), the rewriting of an expression into a simpler form
• Beta reduction, the rewriting of an expression from lambda calculus into a simpler form
• Dimension reduction, the process of reducing the number of random variables under consideration
• Lattice reduction, given an integer lattice basis as input, to find a basis with short, nearly orthogonal vectors
• Subject reduction or preservation, a rewrite of an expression that does not change its type
• Reduction of order, a technique for solving second-order ordinary differential equations
• Reduction of the structure group, for a -bundle and a map an -bundle such that the pushout is isomorphic to
• Reduction system, reduction strategy, the application of rewriting systems to eliminate reducible expressions
• Reduced form, in statistics, an equation which relates the endogenous variable X to all the available exogenous variables, both those included in the regression of interest (W) and the instruments (Z)
• Reduced homology, a minor modification made to homology theory in algebraic topology, designed to make a point have all its homology groups zero
• Reduced product, a construction that generalizes both direct product and ultraproduct
• Reduced residue system, a set of φ(n) integers such that each integer is relatively prime to n and no two are congruent modulo n
• Reduced ring, a ring with no non-zero nilpotent elements
• Reduced row echelon form, a certain reduced row echelon form of a matrix which completely and uniquely determines its row space
• Reduced word, in a free group, a word with no adjacent generator-inverse pairs

Medicine

Medical procedures

• Lung volume reduction surgery, a treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Selective reduction (or fetal reduction), the practice of reducing the number of fetuses in a multifetal pregnancy
• Reduction (orthopedic surgery), a medical procedure to restore a fracture or dislocation to the correct alignment
• Ventricular reduction, a type of operation in cardiac surgery
• Cosmetic surgery:
  • Breast reduction
  • Jaw reduction

Other uses in medicine

• Weight loss
• In epidemiology:
  • Relative risk reduction, the absolute risk reduction by the control event rate
  • Absolute risk reduction, the decrease in risk of a given activity or treatment in relation to a control activity or treatment
• Urea reduction ratio (URR), a dimensionless number used to quantify hemodialysis treatment adequacy

Physics

• Dimensional reduction, the limit of a compactified theory where the size of the compact dimension goes to zero
• Reduction criterion, in quantum information theory, a necessary condition a mixed state must satisfy in order for it to be separable
• Reduced mass, the "effective" inertial mass appearing in the two-body problem of Newtonian mechanics
• Reduced properties (pressure, temperature, or volume) of a fluid, defined based on the fluid's critical point

Other uses in science and technology

• Lithic reduction, in Stone Age toolmaking, to detach lithic flakes from a lump of tool stone
• Noise reduction, in acoustic or signal processing
• Reduction drive, a mechanical device to shift rotational speed

Arts and media

• Reducing (film), a 1931 American film
• Reduction (music), music arranged for smaller resources (piano) for easier analysis or performance

Linguistics

• Accent reduction, modifying one's foreign accent towards that of a native speaker
• Vowel reduction, any change in vowel quality perceived as "weakening"
• Relaxed pronunciation, slurring of syllables of common words
• Definite article reduction, use of vowel-less forms of the English definite article in Northern England

Philosophy

• Reduction (philosophy), the process by which one object, property, concept, theory, etc., is shown to be entirely dispensable in favor of another
• Reductionism, a range of philosophical systems
• Reductio ad absurdum, a form of argument in which a proposition is disproven by following its implications to an absurd consequence
• Eidetic reduction, a technique in the study of essences in phenomenology whose goal is to identify the basic components of phenomena
• Intertheoretic reduction, in philosophy of science, one theory makes predictions that perfectly or almost perfectly match the predictions of a second theory

Politics and social policy

• Demand reduction, efforts aimed at reducing public desire for illegal and illicit drugs
• Harm reduction, policies designed to reduce the harmful consequences associated with recreational drug use and other high risk activities
• Immigration reduction
• Paperwork reduction, reducing red tape
• Poverty reduction
• Reduced price meal, a reimbursable meal (or snack) served in the United States to a child who qualifies because of low family’s income
• Risk reduction (disambiguation), risk management by reducing the severity of an eventuated risk
• Supply reduction, efforts aimed at disrupting the manufacturing and distribution supply chains for illegal and illicit drugs

Settlements

• Reductions, settlements in Spanish America intended to control and Christianize Indians
• Indian reductions in the Andes, settlements in the Andes to control and Christianize Indians
• Jesuit reduction, Jesuit-founded settlements in Paraguay to Christianize Indians

Other uses

• Reduction (cooking), the process of thickening or intensifying the flavor of a liquid mixture such as a soup, sauce, wine, or juice by evaporation
• Reduction (military), the siege and capture of a fortified place
• Reduction (Sweden), a return to the Crown of fiefs that had been granted to the Swedish nobility
• Reduce (waste), practices of minimizing waste
• Reduction, Pennsylvania, unincorporated community, United States
• Reduction in rank, in military law
• Reduction to practice, in United States patent law, the embodiment of the concept of an invention
• Ego reduction, predicated on the use of Sigmund Freud's concept of the ego

See also

• Prevention (disambiguation)

• The 9/12 Project
• The 930 Club
• The 95 Theses
• The 96
• The 99 Call
• The 9 nations of North America
• The 9th arrondissement of Paris
• The 9th configuration
• The 9th Judgment
• The 9 Years War
• The 9 Years' War
• The A1
• The A-1
• The AALCC
• The AALCO
• Thea Alexander
• Thea (award)
• The ABA Banking Journal
• The ABABJ
• The Abaeté River
• The Abaham Park Kenneth Vine Collection
• The A.B.A. Journal
• The ABA Journal
• The ABA journal
• The ABA Journal (American Bar Association)