| 词条 | Red velvet cake |
| 释义 |
| name = Red Velvet cake | image = Red Velvet Cake Waldorf Astoria.jpg | caption = Four-layer slice of red velvet cake from the Waldorf-Astoria | alternate_name = | country = United States | region = United States | creator = | course =Dessert | type = Layer cake | served = one slice with knife and milk | main_ingredient = Flour, buttermilk, butter, sugar, cocoa powder, and/or cream cheese icing, beetroot, or red food colouring, natural coloring | variations = | calories = | other = | no_commons = true }}Red velvet cake is traditionally a red, red-brown, mahogany, maroon, crimson or scarlet colored[1] chocolate layer cake, layered with white cream cheese or ermine icing.[2] Common modern red velvet cake is made with red dye;[3][4] the red color was originally due to non-Dutched, anthocyanin-rich cocoa.[1] Common ingredients include buttermilk, butter, cocoa, vinegar, and flour. Beetroot or red food coloring may be used for the color. HistoryVelvet cake is thought to originate in the Victorian era. During that Era they served velvet cakes as a fancy dessert. The term "velvet" was a description used to let consumers know the dessert was a soft and velvety crumb cake. During that same time devil's food cake was introduced, which is how some believe that red velvet cake came about. The difference between the two cakes is that devil's food cake uses chocolate and red velvet cake uses cocoa.[5] When foods were rationed during World War II, bakers used boiled beet juices to enhance the color of their cakes. Beets are found in some red velvet cake recipes. Beets were and are in some recipes used as a filler or to retain moisture.[6]Adams Extract, a Texas company, is credited with bringing the red velvet cake to kitchens across America during the Great Depression era, by being one of the first to sell red food coloring and other flavor extracts with the use of point-of-sale posters and tear-off recipe cards.[7][8] The cake and its original recipe are well known in the United States from New York City's famous Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, which has dubbed the confection Waldorf-Astoria cake. However, it is widely considered a Southern recipe.[9] Traditionally, red velvet cake is iced with a French-style butter roux icing (also called ermine icing), which is very light and fluffy, but time-consuming to prepare. Cream cheese frosting and buttercream frosting are variations which have increased in popularity.[10][11] In Canada, the cake was a well-known dessert in the restaurants and bakeries of the Eaton's department store chain in the 1940s and 1950s. Promoted as an exclusive Eaton's recipe, with employees who knew the recipe sworn to silence, many mistakenly believed the cake was the invention of the department store matriarch, Lady Eaton.[12] In recent years, red velvet cake and red velvet cupcakes have become increasingly popular in the US and many European countries. A resurgence in the popularity of this cake is attributed by some to the film Steel Magnolias (1989), which included a red velvet groom's cake made in the shape of an armadillo.[9] Magnolia Bakery in Manhattan has served it since its opening in 1996, as did restaurants known for their Southern cooking like Amy Ruth's in Harlem,[9] which opened in 1998.[13] In 2000,[14] Cake Man Raven opened one of the first bakeries devoted to the cake in Brooklyn.[15] IngredientsIngredient changes vary based on the era and area of the world. James Beard's reference, American Cookery (1972), describes three red velvet cakes varying in the amounts of shortening, butter, and vegetable oil. All used red food coloring. The reaction of acidic vinegar and buttermilk tends to better reveal the red anthocyanin in cocoa and keeps the cake moist, light, and fluffy. This natural tinting may have been the source for the name "red velvet", as well as "Devil's food" and similar names for chocolate cakes. Today, chocolate has often undergone Dutch processing, which prevents the color change of the anthocyanins. A reconstruction of the original red velvet cake involves reducing or eliminating the vinegar and colorants and using a non-Dutched cocoa to provide the needed acidity and color. VariationsIn addition to the many variations of red velvet cake, there are various red velvet-flavored products, including protein powder References1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://benstarr.com/blog/real-red-velvet-cake-with-no-food-coloring-or-beet-juice/ |title=Real Red Velvet Cake |author=Ben Starr |date=2015-02-07}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=https://culinaryalchemist.blogspot.com/2009/02/ermine-wrapped-velvet-ultimate.html |title=Ermine Wrapped Velvet |author=Shane Wingerd |date=2009-01-12}} 3. ^{{cite web|last1=Crocker|first1=Betty|title=Red Velvet Cake|url=http://www.bettycrocker.com/how-to/tipslibrary/baking-tips/red-velvet-cake|website=bettycrocker.com|publisher=General Mills|accessdate=21 February 2017}} 4. ^{{Cite web |url=http://qz.com/344195/the-rediscovery-of-red-velvet-has-gone-way-too-far/ |title=The rediscovery of red velvet has gone way too far |year=2015 |website=Quartz |access-date=December 4, 2016}} 5. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.splendidtable.org/story/the-evolution-of-red-velvet-cake-an-iconic-american-dessert|title=The evolution of red velvet cake, an iconic American dessert|last=Lam|first=Francis|date=2017-10-06|work=The Splendid Table|access-date=2018-08-03}} 6. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.cheesecake.com/Blog/post/history-of-red-velvet-cake.aspx|title=History of Red Velvet Cake|last=Watson|first=Gwen|date=2015-02-06|work=The Daily Slice|access-date=2018-08-05|language=en-US}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.gilttaste.com/stories/2292-the-original-red-wine-velvet-cake-recipe |last=Parks |first=Stella |title=The Original Red (Wine) Velvet Cake Recipe |publisher=Gilt Groupe |date=2011-10-02 |accessdate=2012-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120606045314/http://www.gilttaste.com/stories/2292-the-original-red-wine-velvet-cake-recipe |archive-date=2012-06-06}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/sectionfront/life/red-velvet-the-lady-gaga-of-cakes-wears-well-during-the-holidays-224246/ |title=Red Velvet, the 'Lady Gaga' of cakes, wears well during the holidays |publisher=Post-gazette.com |date=2011-12-15 |accessdate=2012-11-08}} 9. ^1 2 {{cite news|last=Fabricant|first=Florence|title=So Naughty, So Nice|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/14/dining/14velv.html?pagewanted=all|accessdate=22 August 2012|newspaper=The New York Times|date=14 February 2007}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.marthastewart.com/353779/cream-cheese-frosting-red-velvet-cake |author=Martha Stewart |title=Cream Cheese Frosting for Red Velvet Cake |accessdate=7 July 2016}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/14/dining/red-velvet-cake-from-gimmick-to-american-classic.html?_r=0 |author=Kim Severson |title=Red Velvet Cake: A Classic, Not a Gimmick |accessdate=7 July 2016}} 12. ^{{cite book | last = Anderson | first = Carol |author2=Katharine Mallinson | title = Lunch with Lady Eaton: Inside the Dining Rooms of a Nation | year = 2004 | publisher = ECW Press | location = Toronto | isbn = 1-55022-650-9 }} 13. ^{{cite news|url=http://nymag.com/listings/restaurant/amy-ruths-home-style-southern-cuisine/|title=Amy Ruth's Home-Style Southern Cuisine|publisher=New York magazine|accessdate=March 27, 2014}} 14. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/brooklyn/cake-man-raven-red-velvet-cake-flight-bigger-better-article-1.1209029|title=Cake Man Raven has flown the coop — no more red velvet cake in Fort Greene|publisher=NY Daily News|date=November 28, 2012}} 15. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.blackenterprise.com/cake-man/|title=Cake Man|last=Harris|first=Wendy|date=2006-01-07|publisher=Black Enterprise|access-date=2018-08-05}} 16. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/14/dining/red-velvet-cake-from-gimmick-to-american-classic.html|title=Red Velvet Cake: A Classic, Not a Gimmick|last=Severson|first=Kim|date=2014-12-05|work=The New York Times|access-date=2018-08-05|language=en}} 17. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.blissfulbasil.com/just-beet-it-vegan-gluten-free-red-velvet-cake/|title=Just Beet It Vegetarian Gluten-Free Red Velvet Cake - Blissful Basil|last=|first=|date=2017-06-20|work=Blissful Basil|access-date=2018-08-05|language=en-US}} External links
6 : American desserts|Cakes|Chocolate desserts|Cuisine of the Southern United States|Eaton's|Christmas food |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。