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词条 Free trade agreements of Canada
释义

  1. World Trade Organization

  2. Free-trade agreements

     Agreements in force or provisionally in force  Concluded agreements not yet in force  Free-trade agreements under negotiation  Exploratory discussions  Abandoned free-trade agreement proposals 

  3. Foreign investment promotion and protection agreements

     FIPAs in force  FIPAs signed  FIPA negotiations concluded  Ongoing FIPA negotiations 

  4. See also

  5. Notes

  6. References

{{Economy of Canada}}Canada is regularly described as a trading nation as its total trade is worth more than two-thirds of its GDP (the second highest level in the G7 after Germany).[1][2] Of that total trade, roughly 75% is done with countries which are part of free-trade agreements with Canada, primarily the United States through the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).[3] By the end of 2014, Canada bilateral trade hit C$1 trillion for the first time.[4]

The North American Free Trade Agreement between Canada, the United States, and Mexico came into force on January 1, 1994, creating the largest free-trade region in the world by GDP. By 2014, the combined GDP for the NAFTA area was estimated to be over C$20 trillion with a market encompassing 474 million people.[5][6] Building on that success, Canada continues to negotiate and has concluded free-trade agreements with more than 40 countries, most recently with South Korea, which represents Canada's first FTA with a partner in the Asia-Pacific region. As of 2018, Canada has also concluded two other significant multilateral trade agreements: the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) with the European Union and the eleven-nation Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) with ten other Pacific Rim countries.[7] On 21 September 2017, CETA was provisionally applied, immediately eliminating 98 per cent of EU's tariff lines on Canadian goods.[8] Canada currently has free trade agreements in force with all other G7 countries. Free trade with the final G7 country, Japan, commenced when the CPTPP entered into force on 30 December 2018.

World Trade Organization

Canada is a founding member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) since January 1, 1995.

Free-trade agreements

Agreements in force or provisionally in force

The following is a list of countries and trading blocs that Canada has current FTAs with.[7]

Agreement name Abbreviation Countries/blocs involved Signed Entered into force
Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement FTA United States}} 12 October 1987 1 January 1989
North American Free Trade Agreement NAFTA Mexico}}
{{flag|United States}}		 17 December 1992 Superseded the Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement.}}
Canada–Israel Free Trade Agreement CIFTA Israel}} 31 July 1996 1 January 1997
Canada–Chile Free Trade Agreement CCFTA Chile}} 5 December 1996 5 July 1997
Canada–Costa Rica Free Trade Agreement CCRFTA Costa Rica}} 23 April 2001 1 November 2002
Canada–European Free Trade Association Free Trade Agreement CEFTA *{{flag|Iceland}}
  • {{flag|Liechtenstein}}
  • {{flag|Norway}}
  • {{flag|Switzerland}}

}}		26 January 2008 1 July 2009
Canada–Peru Free Trade Agreement CPFTA Peru}} 29 May 2008 1 August 2009
Canada–Colombia Free Trade Agreement Colombia}} 21 November 2008 Canada's ratification of this FTA was dependent upon Colombia's ratification of the "Agreement Concerning Annual Reports on Human Rights and Free Trade Between Canada and the Republic of Colombia" signed on 27 May 2010}}
Canada–Jordan Free Trade Agreement Jordan}} 28 June 2009 1 October 2012
Canada–Panama Free Trade Agreement Panama}} 14 May 2010 1 April 2013
Canada–Honduras Free Trade Agreement Honduras}} 5 November 2013 1 October 2014
Canada–Korea Free Trade Agreement CKFTA South Korea}} 11 March 2014 1 January 2015
Canada–Ukraine Free Trade Agreement CUFTA Ukraine}} 11 July 2016 1 August 2017
Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement CETA European Union}} 30 October 2016 21 September 2017 (provisional)[9]
Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership CPTPP,
TPP-11		*{{Flag|Australia}}
  • {{flag|Brunei}}
  • {{flag|Chile}}
  • {{flag|Japan}}
  • {{flag|Malaysia}}
  • {{flag|Mexico}}
  • {{flag|New Zealand}}
  • {{flag|Peru}}
  • {{flag|Singapore}}
  • {{flag|Vietnam}}}}
8 March 2018 30 December 2018

Concluded agreements not yet in force

  • Canada–United States–Mexico Agreement (CUSMA or USMCA; signed 30 November 2018)[10]

Free-trade agreements under negotiation

Canada is negotiating bilateral FTAs with the following countries and trade blocs:[7]

  • Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
  • Dominican Republic
  • Guatemala, Nicaragua and El Salvador
  • India
  • Japan[15]
  • Morocco
  • Singapore
  • Pacific Alliance (Chile, Columbia, Mexico, and Peru)
  • Mercosur (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay)

Exploratory discussions

Canada is undertaking exploratory discussions of bilateral or multilateral FTAs with the following countries and trade blocs, although formal negotiations have not yet begun:[7]

  • China
  • Philippines
  • Thailand
  • Turkey
  • Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)

Abandoned free-trade agreement proposals

Agreement name Abbreviation Countries involved Notes
Free Trade Area of the Americas FTAA {{collapsible list|title=32|{{flagcountry|Antigua and Barbuda}}|{{flagcountry|Argentina}}|{{flagcountry|Bahamas}}| {{flagcountry|Barbados}}| {{flagcountry|Belize}}| {{flagcountry|Bolivia}}| {{flagcountry|Brazil}}| {{flagcountry|Chile}}| {{flagcountry|Colombia}}| {{flagcountry|Costa Rica}}| {{flagcountry|Dominica}}| {{flagcountry|Dominican Republic}}| {{flagcountry|Ecuador}}| {{flagcountry|El Salvador}}| {{flagcountry|Grenada}}| {{flagcountry|Guatemala}}| {{flagcountry|Guyana}}| {{flagcountry|Haiti}}| {{flagcountry|Honduras}}| {{flagcountry|Jamaica}}| {{flagcountry|Mexico}}| {{flagcountry|Nicaragua}}| {{flagcountry|Panama}}| {{flagcountry|Paraguay}}| {{flagcountry|Peru}} | {{flagcountry|Saint Kitts and Nevis}} | {{flagcountry|Saint Lucia}} | {{flagcountry|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}| {{flagcountry|Suriname}}| {{flagcountry|Trinidad and Tobago}}| {{flagcountry|United States}}| {{flagcountry|Uruguay}}| {{flagcountry|Venezuela}}}}Proposed expansion of the North American Free Trade Agreement to all members of the Organization of American States, negotiated from 1994 to 2005. During the 4th Summit of the Americas in 2005, 26 of the countries pledged to meet again in 2006 to resume negotiations but no such meeting took place.
Canada–Central American Four Free Trade Agreement CCA4FTA *{{flag|Guatemala}}
  • {{flag|El Salvador}}
  • {{flag|Honduras}}
  • {{flag|Nicaragua}}

}}		Twelve rounds of negotiations from 2001 to 2010. When no agreement was reached during the 2010 round, Canada and Honduras decided to pursue bilateral negotiations and concluded a separate bilateral FTA.[16]
Trans-Pacific Partnership TPP {{plainlist|*{{Flag|Australia}}
  • {{flag|Brunei}}
  • {{flag|Chile}}
  • {{flag|Japan}}
  • {{flag|Malaysia}}
  • {{flag|Mexico}}
  • {{flag|New Zealand}}
  • {{flag|Peru}}
  • {{flag|Singapore}}
  • {{flag|United States}}
  • {{flag|Vietnam}}}}
Agreement was signed 4 February 2016. Following the withdrawal of the United States' signature on 23 January 2017 the agreement is defunct, and the remaining members instead concluded the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership.

Foreign investment promotion and protection agreements

A foreign investment promotion and protection agreement (FIPA) is an agreement to promote foreign investing.

FIPAs in force

The following is a list of FIPAs in force, including date of entry into force.[7]

  • Canada–Argentina (29 April 1993)
  • Canada–Armenia (29 March 1999)
  • Canada–Barbados (17 January 1997)
  • Canada–Benin (18 January 2013)
  • Canada–Cameroon (16 December 2016)
  • Canada–China (1 October 2014)
  • Canada–Costa Rica (29 September 1999)
  • Canada–Côte d'Ivoire (14 December 2015)
  • Canada–Croatia (30 January 2001)
  • Canada–Czech Republic (22 January 2012)
  • Canada–Ecuador (6 June 1997)
  • Canada–Egypt (3 November 1997)
  • Canada–Guinea (27 March 2017)
  • Canada–Hong Kong (6 September 2016)
  • Canada–Hungary (21 November 1993)
  • Canada–Jordan (14 December 2009)
  • Canada–Kuwait (19 February 2014)
  • Canada–Latvia (24 November 2011)
  • Canada–Lebanon (19 June 1999)
  • Canada–Mali (8 June 2016)
  • Canada–Mongolia (24 February 2017)
  • Canada–Panama (13 February 1998)
  • Canada–Peru (20 June 2007)
  • Canada–Philippines (13 November 1996)
  • Canada–Poland (22 November 1990)
  • Canada–Romania (23 November 2011)
  • Canada–Russian Federation (27 June 1991)
  • Canada–Senegal (5 August 2016)
  • Canada–Serbia (27 April 2015)
  • Canada–Slovak Republic (14 March 2012)
  • Canada–Tanzania (9 December 2013)
  • Canada–Thailand (24 September 2008)
  • Canada–Trinidad & Tobago (8 June 1996)
  • Canada–Ukraine (24 June 1995)
  • Canada–Uruguay (2 June 1999)
  • Canada–Venezuela (28 January 1998)

FIPAs signed

The following is a list of FIPAs that have been concluded and signed, but have not yet entered into force.[7]

  • Canada–Burkina Faso (April 2015)
  • Canada–Nigeria (May 2014)

FIPA negotiations concluded

The following is a list of FIPA negotiations concluded, and are not in force. First is the country, then the date it was concluded.[7]

  • Canada–Albania (November 2013)
  • Canada–Bahrain (February 2010)
  • Canada–Madagascar (August 2008)
  • Canada–Moldova (December 2013)
  • Canada–Zambia (March 2013)

Ongoing FIPA negotiations

The following is a list of FIPA negotiations that have not yet concluded.[7]

  • Canada–Ghana
  • Canada–India
  • Canada–Kazakhstan
  • Canada–Kenya
  • Canada–Kosovo
  • Canada–Republic of Macedonia
  • Canada–Pakistan
  • Canada–Tunisia
  • Canada–United Arab Emirates

See also

{{Portal|Canada|International relations}}
  • Canada's Global Markets Action Plan
  • Economy of Canada

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

1. ^{{cite book|title=A Trading Nation: Canadian Trade Policy from Colonialism to Globalization|author=Hart, M.|date=2003|publisher=University of British Columbia Press|isbn=9780774808958|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bmz8icizta4C|accessdate=26 November 2014}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=TRADEINDMACRO|title=OECD Statistics|author=OECD|publisher=stats.oecd.org|accessdate=26 November 2014}}
3. ^{{citation|url=http://fullcomment.nationalpost.com/2012/03/16/andrew-coyne-canada-is-poised-to-win-front-door-access-to-a-billion-person-market|title=Andrew Coyne: Canada at the crossroad of trade|first=Andrew |last=Coyne | date=March 16, 2012|accessdate=2 May 2014}}
4. ^{{cite web|title=Imports, exports and trade balance of goods on a balance-of-payments basis, by country or country grouping|url=http://www.statcan.gc.ca/tables-tableaux/sum-som/l01/cst01/gblec02a-eng.htm|publisher=Statistics Canada|accessdate=21 September 2017}}
5. ^{{citation|url=http://www.international.gc.ca/trade-agreements-accords-commerciaux/agr-acc/nafta-alena/info.aspx?lang=eng|publisher=Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development Canada|title=North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)|date=20 November 2015|accessdate=28 November 2015}}
6. ^{{citation|url=http://www.investinontario.com/en/Pages/WO_PTM_default.aspx|title=Proximity to Market|series=Invest in Ontario|year=2010|accessdate=2 May 2014|publisher=Government of Ontario}}
7. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web|url=https://www.international.gc.ca/trade-commerce/trade-agreements-accords-commerciaux/agr-acc/index.aspx?lang=eng |title=Trade and investment agreements |publisher=International.gc.ca |accessdate=2015-10-25}}
8. ^{{cite web|title=CETA: A progressive trade agreement for a strong middle class|url=http://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/campaign-campagne/ceta-aecg/index.aspx?lang=eng|website=Global Affairs Canada|accessdate=21 September 2017}}
9. ^{{cite web|title=CETA in effect today as Canada-EU trade pact comes into force|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/ceta-europe-free-trade-1.4300071|website=CBC News|accessdate=21 September 2017}}
10. ^{{cite news |last1=McGregor |first1=Janyce |title='Battle' over as Trudeau, Trump, Pena Nieto sign 'new NAFTA' |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/usmca-nieto-trudeau-trump-signing-1.4926961 |accessdate=1 December 2018 |work=CBC News |date=30 November 2018}}
11. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2017/09/canada-pushes-back-against-us-copyright-demands-nafta |title=Canada Pushes Back Against U.S. Copyright Demands in NAFTA |first=Jeremy |last=Malcolm |date=September 25, 2017 |access-date=July 23, 2018 |work=Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF)}}
12. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=2017 Special 301 Report|url=https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/301/2017%20Special%20301%20Report%20FINAL.PDF|format=PDF|accessdate=July 23, 2017}}
13. ^{{cite report |url=https://www.cigionline.org/sites/default/files/documents/NAFTA%20Special%20Report%20WEB.pdf |format=PDF |title=NAFTA 2.0 and Intellectual Property Rights: Insights on Developing Canada's Knowledge Economy |series=Special Report |date=September 26, 2017 |authors=Andrew Torrance, Bassem Awad, E. Richard Gold, Jean-Frédéric Morin, Marsha Cadogan, Oluwatobiloba (Tobi) Moody, Teresa Scassa, Ariel Katz, Michael Geist, Howard P. Knopf, Ysolde Gendreau, and Konstantia Koutouki |access-date=July 23, 2018 |work=Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI)}}
14. ^1 {{cite news |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/nafta-renegotiations-to-resume-in-washington-118071900273_1.html |title=NAFTA renegotiations to resume in Washington |date=July 19, 2018 |access-date=July 23, 2018 |work=Business Standard }}
15. ^{{cite news|author=The Canadian Press |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/story/2011/02/23/canada-japan-free-trade.html |title=Canada, Japan study free-trade pact|publisher=CBC News |date=2011-02-24 |accessdate=2011-02-28}}
16. ^{{cite web |title=Additional background information |url=http://international.gc.ca/trade-commerce/trade-agreements-accords-commerciaux/agr-acc/ca4/fta-ale/info.aspx?lang=eng |website=Canada-Guatemala, Nicaragua and El Salvador (Formerly Canada – Central American Four) Free Trade Agreement Negotiations |publisher=Global Affairs Canada |accessdate=25 November 2018 |date=14 February 2017}}
{{Free-trade agreements}}

2 : Free trade agreements of Canada|International trade of Canada
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