| 词条 | Reef lobster |
| 释义 |
| name = bug lobsters | image = Enoplometopus antillensis01.jpg | image_caption = Enoplometopus antillensis | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | subphylum = Crustacea | classis = Malacostraca | ordo = Decapoda | infraordo = Astacidea | superfamilia = Enoplometopoidea [1] | superfamilia_authority = De Saint Laurent, 1988 | familia = Enoplometopidae | familia_authority = De Saint Laurent, 1988 | genus = Enoplometopus | genus_authority = A. Milne Edwards, 1862 | synonyms = Hoplometopus Holthuis, 1983 | type_species = Enoplometopus pictus | type_species_authority = A. Milne Edwards, 1862 [2] }}Reef lobsters, Enoplometopus, are a genus of small lobsters that live on reefs in the Indo-Pacific, Caribbean and warmer parts of the Atlantic Ocean.[3] DescriptionSpecies of Enoplometopus occur from coral reefs at depths of less than {{convert|1|m}}[4] to rocky reefs at depths of {{convert|300|m|abbr=on}}.[5] They are brightly coloured, with stripes, rings, or spots. They are typically mainly red, orange, purplish and white.[3] Reef lobsters are small (depending on species, up to {{convert|10|-|13|cm|0|disp=or}}), nocturnal (spending the day in caves or crevices), and very timid.[3] The species can be distinguished by their colouration and morphology.[3] As a result of their bright colours, they are popular in the aquarium trade, and unregulated collection combined with destruction of coral reefs may threaten some species. Due to uncertainty over the impact of these potential threats, the majority are considered data deficient by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.[6] Reef lobsters are distinguished from clawed lobsters (family Nephropidae) by having full chelae (claws) only on the first pair of pereiopods, the second and third pairs being only subchelate (where the last segment of the appendage can press against a short projection from the penultimate one). Clawed lobsters have full claws on the first three pereiopods. Males, unlike those of nephropoid lobsters, have an extra lobe on the second pleopod, which is assumed to have some function in reproduction. Reef lobsters have a shallow cervical groove while clawed lobsters have a deep cervical groove.[1] Although there is no fossil record of reef lobsters, there is some evidence that they may be related to the extinct genus Eryma which lived from the Permo-Triassic to the late Cretaceous.[7] SpeciesThe genus contains the following species:[8]
References1. ^1 {{cite journal |author=Michèle de Saint Laurent |author-link=Michèle de Saint Laurent |year=1988 |title=Enoplometopoidea, nouvelle superfamille de Crustacés Décapodes Astacidea |journal=Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences |volume=307 |series=III |pages=59–62}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q634316}}2. ^{{cite journal |author=L. B. Holthuis |author-link=Lipke Holthuis |year=1983 |title=Notes on the genus Enoplometopus, with descriptions of a new subgenus and two new species (Crustacea Decapoda, Axiidae) |journal=Zoologische Mededelingen |volume=56 |issue=22 |pages=281–298, pls. 1–4 |url=http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/149232 |format=PDF}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |author=Helmut Debelius |year=2001 |title=Crustacea: Guide of the World |pages=44–54, 200–205 |isbn=978-3-931702-74-8 |publisher=IKAN, Unterwasserarchiv |location=Frankfurt am Main}} 4. ^{{Cite journal | author = Chan, T.Y. | author2 = Wahle, R. | last-author-amp = yes | title = Enoplometopus daumi | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2011 | page = e.T184985A8340177 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2011 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/184985/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T184985A8340177.en | access-date = 24 December 2017}} 5. ^{{Cite journal | author = Chan, T.Y. | author2 = Wahle, R. | last-author-amp = yes | title = Enoplometopus gracilipes | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2011 | page = e.T185005A8345117 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2011 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/185005/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T185005A8345117.en | access-date = 24 December 2017}} 6. ^{{cite web |author=T. Y. Chan |author2=R. Wahle |last-author-amp=yes |year=2009 |url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/ |work=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |title=Version 2011.1 |publisher=International Union for Conservation of Nature |accessdate=October 5, 2011}} 7. ^{{cite journal |author=F. R. Schram |author-link=Frederick Schram |author2=C. J. Dixon |last-author-amp=yes |year=2004 |title=Decapod phylogeny: addition of fossil evidence to a robust morphological cladistic data set |journal=Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum |volume=31 |pages=1–19 |url=http://isopods.nhm.org/pdfs/30635/30635.pdf |format=PDF}} 8. ^{{cite journal |author=J. Poupin |year=2003 |title=Reef lobsters Enoplometopus A. Milne Edwards, 1862 from French Polynesia, with a brief revision of the genus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Enoplometopidae) |journal=Zoosystema |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=643–664 |url=http://www.mnhn.fr/publication/zoosyst/z03n4a5.pdf |format=PDF}} 1 : Decapods |
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