| 词条 | French ship Sophie (1790) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The French ship Sophie was a slave vessel launched at Nantes in May 1790. Her owners commissioned her there as a privateer in 1793 after the outbreak of the French Revolutionary Wars. The French Navy, desperate for escort vessels, requisitioned her 21 April 1794. In May 1795 the French Navy returned her to her owners for use as a privateer. {{HMS|Endymion|1797|6}} captured her off the Irish Coast in September 1798.{{refn|Some British sources state that Sophie had been renamed Premier Consul, or that HMS Sophie had been Premier Consul. This is incorrect. Sophie was never Premier Consul as General Napoleon did not appoint himself Premier Consul/First Consul until 1799. The only letter in the London Gazette mentioning the capture of a Premier Consul was by {{HMS|Dryad|1795|6}} in 1801.[3] It appears that a clerk in the Navy Records Office made a careless mistake.|group=Note}} The Royal Navy then took Sophie into service. She then served in the North Sea, Baltic, Mediterranean, and East Indies until she was broken up in 1809. CaptureWhen Endymion captured Sophie, Sophie had been out 82 days, but had taken nothing. She was armed with 22 guns and had a crew of 130 men. Captain Thomas Williams, of Endymion, described Sophie as:[4] ... a very fine Ship, quite new, and well adapted for His Majesty's Service, being an extraordinary fast Sailer; she having been chased Eight different Times during her last Cruize by our Ships of War, and each time escaped by superior Sailing. HMS SophieEndymion brought Sophie, and two merchant prizes, into Spithead on 5 September 1798.[4] She arrived at Portsmouth on 12 September 1798, but was not fitted there until July–September 1799.[2] The Royal Navy took her into service as HMS Sophie, registering and establishing her on 5 October 1798. Commander George Burdett commissioned Sophie in September 1799. On 3 December she was back at Portsmouth from a cruise to Bilbao.[5] On 9 May 1800 she convoyed transports from Portsmouth to Guernsey.[6] O 22 July Sophie arrived at Portsmouth with the navy transports Sea Nymph, Howard, Huddleton, and Diligence, which she had convoyed from Ireland.[7] In 1801 she was on the Newfoundland station.[2] In April 1802 Commander Philip Lewis Rosenhagen took command for the Downs station, and then the North Sea. He recommissioned her in April 1803.[2] Sophie shared with {{HMS|Penelope|1798|2}}, {{HMS|Fortunee|1800|2}}, and {{HMS|Ambuscade|1773|2}} in the capture of the Twe'e Gebroeders, Post, master. However, the proceeds were only £38 17s and were to be shared with over 800 men. The prize agents therefore bought 1{{small|{{frac|7|16}}}} lottery tickets.[8] Unfortunately, there is no announcement of the proceeds of the lottery tickets. In July 1802 Sophie was sailing to and from Jersey. At the end of the month she and several other naval vessels sailed there to convoy transports that were taking Dutch troops from Jersey to Cuxhaven.[9] she returned to Portsmouth from Cuxhaven on 2 September.[10] Between 8 August and 14 September 1803, and perhaps longer, Sophie maintained a blockade on the Weser river.[11] Sophie then shared with the same three vessels in the proceeds of the capture on 11 August of the Vyf Gebroeders, Lintz, master; Vier Gesusters, Hacrna, master; Jonge Jan, Dick, master; Jonge Rocloss, Groot, master; and Vrow Sevantye, Janiz, master.[12] On 27 August {{HMS|Clyde|1796|2}} detained the Hendrick and Jan. Fortunee, Penelope, Ambuscade, Sophie, and {{HMS|Beaver|1795|2}} were in company.[13]In 1804 Sophie transferred to the Gibraltar station and the Mediterranean. By February, she was convoying trtansports between Gibraltar and Lisbon. On 19 March, Lord Nelson wrote to Rosenhagen, ordering him to take a "most secret" letter to "Rendezvous 97, under Cape Sebastians" where he was to deliver it to the captain of {{HMS|Juno|1780|2}}. On 17 January 1805, Sophie captured the Greek ship San Nicholai. She shared the prize money with Fisgard and Beaver, Beaver sharing by agreement with Sophie.[14] On 6 May, Sophie captured Dolphin.[15] Then on 5 July Sophie captured the Spanish zebeque Francisco de Assis (or St Francis d'Assis). {{ship|French brig|Alcyon|1802|2}} was in company.[16][17] In March 1806 Commander William Mansell replaced Rosenhagen. Sophie sailed to the East Indies in 1808.[2] FateThe Principal Officers and commissioners of His Majesty's Navy offered the sloops "Sophie, Echo, and.Cerf, lying at Deptford" for sale on 12 January 1809.[18] Sophie docked at Deptford on 29 June 1809 to be broken up.[2] Notes, citations, and referencesNotes1. ^1 2 Winfield and Roberts (2015), p. 177. Citations{{reflist|30em}}References2. ^1 2 3 4 5 Winfield (2008), p.266. 3. ^{{London Gazette|issue=15347|page=322|date=21 March 1801}} 4. ^1 {{London Gazette|date=4 September 1798|issue=15056|page=835}} 5. ^Naval Chronicle, Vol. 2, p.641. 6. ^Naval Chronicle, Vol. 3, p.417. 7. ^Naval Chronicle, Vol. 3, p.164. 8. ^{{London Gazette|date=21 April 1812|issue=16596|page=760}} 9. ^Naval Chronicle, Vol. 8, p.85-6. 10. ^Naval Chronicle, Vol. 8, p.262. 11. ^Journal des débats et des décrets, 14 September 1803. 12. ^{{London Gazette|date=15 January 1805|issue=15772|page=84}} 13. ^{{London Gazette|date=15 December 1807|issue=16096|page=1687}} 14. ^{{London Gazette|date=9 January 1808|issue=16107|page=60}} 15. ^{{London Gazette|date=8 July 1809|issue=16273|page=1071}} 16. ^{{London Gazette|date=7 November 1807|issue=16084|page=1477}} 17. ^{{London Gazette|date=27 November 1810|issue=16429|page=905}} 18. ^{{London Gazette|date=31 December 1808|issue=16214|page=6}}
6 : Ships built in France|1790 ships|Corvettes of the French Navy|Sloops of the Royal Navy|Captured ships|Privateer ships of France |
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