| 词条 | Garrison Cemetery, Seringapatam |
| 释义 |
|name=Garrison Cemetery, Seringapatam |body=St. Bartholomew's Church, Mysore |image= |caption=Garrison Cemetery, Seringapatam |use_dates=1799-1860 |established=1799 |designer= |coordinates={{coord|12|24|56.58|N|76|40|55.32|E|type:landmark_region:FR|display=inline,title}} |nearest_town=Seringapatam, India |total= 307 |unknowns= |commemorated= |by_country=Switzerland: 307 |by_war=Siege of Seringapatam (1799) |source= }}The Garrison Cemetery is located in Seringapatam, on the banks of the river Cauvery, about 300m from the Bangalore Mysore Highway. It has about 307 graves of the European officers killed in the final assault on Tippu Sultan in 1799, and their family members. Among the graves, there are 80 graves of the officers of the Swiss ‘de Meuron Regiment’, and the rest of the graves are their family members.[1][2] The cemetery entrance gate has a marble stone, reads, "Garrison Cemetery AD 1800. Latest burial 1860." A few tombs are imposing, while others are small, some shaped like of a coffin and said to be the remains of infants who died of plague. Many officers of the Swiss mercenary de Meuron Regiment are buried here.[2] Regiment de Meuron{{main|Regiment de Meuron}}The Regiment de Meuron, was a Swiss mercenary unit, in the services of the Dutch East India Company, and even fought against the British East India Company in Ceylon. Following the abeyance of wage payments by the Dutch East India Company in Ceylon in 1795, the regiment held negotiations with the British East India Company and joined their services with 800 men. The Regiment de Meuron took part in the Siege of Seringapatam (1799) against Tippu Sultan.[1][3][4] HistoryThe Swiss officers of the Regiment de Meuron, who fell in the Siege of Seringapatam (1799) were buried at the Garrison Cemetery, Seringapatam. The first burial took place in 1800, and the cemetery was in use till 1860. The British East India Company turned Seringapatam into a garrison town, and the cemetery came to be known as the Garrison Cemetery.[1][5][9][6][7] The Garrison Cemetery, Seringapatam, is now under the management of the CSI St. Bartholomew's Church, Mysore.[8][9] Record of Constance ParsonsIn 1931, Parsons describes the cemetery having graves of many brave fallen soldiers. Among them, Lt. Col. Peter Dallas, who tried to save the life of Seyyid Saheb, J A Cassamaijor of the De Meuron Regiment, many young wives aged 20–24 years. One grave stone laments loss of a young wife using Ben Johnson's epitaph for Elizabeth as {{quote|Underneath this stone doth lie As much beauty as could die Which in life did harbour give To more virtue tan doth life[14] Grave of Caroline Isabella ScottConstance Parsons records seeing the grave of Scott's wife at the Garrison Cemetery, with the inscription that reads "Caroline Isabella Scott (and infant child), wife of Colonel I C Scott, Commandant of Seringapatam; who died in child-bed, 19th April 1817." The names are associated with the tragedy of the Scott's Bungalow, Seringapatam, which is located on the banks of the river Cauvery.[10] Years of neglectYears of neglect, resulted in the magnificent memorial stones going to the brink of imminent collapse. The whole place was overrun with weeds and thick bushes.[1][11] RestorationIn 2007, Louis Dominique de Meuron, a descendant of the Regiment de Meuron, visited the Garrison Cemetery, along with his wife Monique. Saddened by the state of neglect of the cemetery, the couple engaged an agency in Mysore (Ravi Gundu Rao & Associates (RGRA)) to restore the graves. After their demise in 2012, restoration was continuously supported by their children Jean de Meuron and Dr. Sophie.[1][9] The graves were restored to their original state in consultation with the Karnataka State Archaeology Department, and formally handed over to the de Meuron family in November 2008. The cost of restoration was around INR 3 million[1][2][12] Lime and bricks were mainly used in the restoration, with the lime coming from a local quarry. Nearly 12-18 masons, craftsmen, and workers were involved in the restoration works.[13] Following the restoration, the Garrison Cemetery, Seringapatam is now included in the tourist itinerary of Mysore/Srirangapatna.[14][15] Descendants of the soldiers often visit the cemetery and offer homage.[12] The caretaker of the cemetery is Ms. Vidyalakshmi, a local history enthusiast.[1] His Majesty's Cemetery, GanjamAccording to Rev. E W Thompson and other accounts, there used to exist a Madras Army cemetery called "His Majesty's Cemetery" at Ganjam, near the Gumbaz (a short distance in the North-West direction), much before the Garrison Cemetery. The cemetery was enclosed by a wall, with an inscription on the gate-post, "His Majesty's Cemetery, Ganjam, a.d. 1799-1808". It contains burials between 1799 and 1808, mainly from the 33rd Regiment. Daniel Pritchard, the music master of this regiment was buried at this cemetery in July 1799. Elinda Harmonci, a child aged 4 years was also buried here in November 1799. Col. Edward Montague of the Bengal Artillery, died 8 May 1799, 4 days after the final assault is buried near the Sangam, on the extreme east end of the island.[16][17]Lord Harris's HouseBetween the Garrison Cemetery and Scott's Bungalow a path leads to house on the river banks. This house is known as "Lord Harris's House" or "The Doctor's Bungalow" or "Puraniah's Bungalow". This house was the residence of General Harris, for a short time after the Siege of Seringapatam in 1799, and went on to become headquarters of the commanding officer of Seringapatam. In 1809, this house was the scene of a mutiny by officers of the Madras Army, led by Col. Bell, against Sir. George Barlow, the Governor of Madras. Purnaiah lived in the house after his retirement from service in 1811, and died there on 28 March 1812. Days before his death, he wrote a letter to his friend Col. Hill, Commandant of Seringapatam, "Old and infirm, after a life of unusual activity and care, I am going to the land of my fathers", for which Col. Hill replied "Say I am travelling the same road", and died a short time after Purnaiah. A tablet on the wall of this house records the connection of Lord Harris and Puraniah to this house.[10] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|last1=Kumar|first1=M T Shiva|title=There is life at the cemetery|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-districtplus/there-is-life-at-the-cemetery/article4489629.ece|accessdate=3 February 2015|issue=Bangalore|publisher=The Hindu|date=9 March 2013}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Regiment De Meuron}}{{Cemeteries in India}}2. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Patrao|first1=Michael|title=Epitaphs for European officers|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/63412/content/213015/archives.php|accessdate=3 February 2015|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=12 April 2010}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|title=Garrison Cemetery|url=http://mysore.ind.in/garrison-cemetery|website=Mysore|accessdate=3 February 2015}} 4. ^{{cite web|last1=Harshitha|first1=Samyuktha|title=The Swiss regiment that had a hand in the defeat and death of Tipu Sultan|url=http://samharshbangalore.blogspot.com.au/2013/01/the-swiss-regiment-that-had-hand-in.html|website=Hari Sarvothama Vayu Jeevothama -The Madhwa Way of the World|accessdate=3 February 2015|date=18 January 2013}} 5. ^{{cite web|last1=Pratibha|title=Going sombre in Mysore and the Srirangapatna Garrison Cemetery|url=http://www.reiseyatra.com/2013/12/going-sombre-in-mysore-and.html|website=Rediscovering India in journeys through a small world|accessdate=3 February 2015|date=14 December 2013}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Military Contemporaries of Lachlan Macquarie at Seringapatam in 1799|url=http://www.lib.mq.edu.au/digital/seringapatam/grand.html|publisher=Macquarie University|accessdate=3 February 2015|date=2011}} 7. ^{{cite journal|last1=David|first1=Masson|title=The Centenary of Seringapatam.|journal=Macmillan's Magazine|date=1900|page=125|url=http://www.forgottenbooks.com/readbook_text/Macmillans_Magazine_1900_1000430909/129|accessdate=3 February 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203093409/http://www.forgottenbooks.com/readbook_text/Macmillans_Magazine_1900_1000430909/129|archivedate=3 February 2015|df=dmy-all}} 8. ^{{cite web|last1=Rotti|first1=Joland|title=St. Bartholomew’s Church, Mysore|url=http://www.karnataka.com/mysore/st-bartholomews-church/|website=Karnataka|accessdate=3 February 2015|date=3 October 2013}} 9. ^{{cite news|last1=Charya|first1=S V Upendra|title=A historic church in Mysore|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/127952/F|accessdate=3 February 2015|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=10 January 2011}} 10. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Parsons|first1=Constance E|title=Seringapatam|date=1931|publisher=H. Milford|pages=155–157|url=https://archive.org/details/SeringapatamConstanceParsons1931|accessdate=25 September 2015}} 11. ^{{cite web|author1=Permanent Delegation of India to UNESCO|title=Monuments of Srirangapatna Island Town|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5895/|website=UNESCO: World Heritage|accessdate=3 February 2015|date=15 April 2014}} 12. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|last1=Ganapathy|first1=Deepti|title=Garrison Cemetery Restored: A Wake-Up Call To Preserve Heritage Monuments|url=http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Repository/getFiles.asp?Style=OliveXLib:LowLevelEntityToPrint_TOI&Type=text/html&Locale=english-skin-custom&Path=TOIBG/2008/11/26&ID=Ar00700|accessdate=3 February 2015|issue=Bangalore|publisher=The Times of India|date=26 November 2008}} 13. ^{{cite journal|last1=Kishore|first1=Kunkuma Devi|title=Restoration of the Garrison Cemetery at Srirangapatna, Karnataka|journal=ACCU Nara International Correspondent|date=2012|pages=7–10|url=http://www.nara.accu.or.jp/activities/img/dissemination/10th.pdf|accessdate=3 February 2015|publisher=Cultural Heritage Protection Cooperation Office, Asia-Pacific Cultural Centre for UNESCO (ACCU)}} 14. ^{{cite news|last1=Gaur|first1=June|title=Whose history is it anyway?|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-sundaymagazine/whose-history-is-it-anyway/article4685098.ece|accessdate=3 February 2015|issue=Bangalore|publisher=The Hindu|date=5 May 2013}} 15. ^{{cite news|title=Sensational archaeological discovery|url=http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2013/05/19/mon21.asp|accessdate=3 February 2015|issue=Sri Lanka|publisher=Sunday Observer|date=19 May 2013}} 16. ^{{cite book|last1=Thompson|first1=Rev. E W|title=The Last Siege of Seringapatam: An Account of the Final Assault, May 4th, I 799; of the Death and Burial of Tippu Sultan ; and of the Imprisonment of British Officers and Men; taken from the Narratives of Officers present at the Siege and of those who survived their captivity|date=1923|publisher=Wesleyan Mission Press|location=Mysore City, British India|pages=68, 69|url=http://tera-3.ul.cs.cmu.edu/NASD/4a7f1db4-5792-415c-be79-266f41eef20a/upgrade-archive-06-14-2007/data/upload-allbooks/disk%203/Jan%20N/ENGLISH/The_Last_Siege_Of_Seringapatam/HTML/00000096.htm|accessdate=27 September 2015}} 17. ^{{cite book|last1=Newell|first1=H A|title=Topee and Turban, or Here and There in India|date=1921|location=London|page=242|url=http://www.forgottenbooks.com/readbook_text/Topee_and_Turban_or_Here_and_There_in_India_1000836325/315|accessdate=27 September 2015}} 12 : Seringapatam|Infantry regiments of the British Army|Regiments of Ceylon|Mercenary units and formations|Expatriate units and formations|Military units and formations established in 1781|Military history of the Dutch East India Company|1799 in India|Church of South India|Kingdom of Mysore|Cemeteries in India|Military cemeteries |
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