| 词条 | Gender norming |
| 释义 |
In practiceThe US Army adopted gender norming at West Point, calling it a system of "equivalent training".[1] The objective is to ensure that positions are filled with a balance of both genders, and requires that women be given less physically challenging tests than men in order to attain the same fitness rating.[2][3] {{quote|"Male Marines must complete a fifteen-mile march carrying a forty-pound pack and weapons in five hours, while women must march ten miles with twenty-five pounds and no weapons in three and a half hours. The U.S. Marine Corps also has used a hand grenade that only 45 percent of females can throw far enough so they are not injured by its explosion."[4] }}OppositionDavid Brinkley, deputy chief of staff for operations at the United States Army's Training and Doctrine Command, told the AP “the men don’t want to lower the standards because they see that as a perceived risk to their team”, and “the women don’t want to lower the standards because they want the men to know they’re just as able as they are to do the same task.”[5] Other opponents include Walter E. Williams, who wrote that "officers who insist that females be held accountable to the same high standards as males are seen by higher brass as obstructionist and risk their careers",[6] and Elaine Donnelly, the founder of the Center for Military Readiness. Further reading
See also
References1. ^{{cite book | last = Datnow | first = Amanda | title = Gender in Policy and Practice | publisher = RoutledgeFalmer | location = New York | year = 2002 | isbn = 0-415-93271-8 |page=173}} {{military-stub}}2. ^{{cite book | last = Walch | first = Weston | title = Cases and Controversies in U. S. History | publisher = J. Weston Walch | location = Portland | year = 1993 | isbn = 0-8251-2320-8 |page=115}} 3. ^Marine Corps weighs lower standards for women after none pass Infantry Officer Course - Washington Times 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XeEUSocx_YoC&pg=PA210&lpg=PA210&dq=gender+norming+hand+grenades&source=bl&ots=qQk57ifUvT&sig=uRhqTFmI65THOV8u87ucR1HijYo&hl=en&sa=X&ei=uFsPT4LNH6Li0QHGq7GABg&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=gender+norming+hand+grenades&f=false|title=The Decline of Males: The First Look at an Unexpected New World for Men and Women|first=Lionel|last=Tiger|date=2 September 2000|publisher=Macmillan|access-date=7 December 2017|via=Google Books}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://nypost.com/2014/02/25/army-women-dont-want-combat-assignments-poll/|title=Most army women don’t want combat assignments: poll|date=25 February 2014|website=NYPost.com|access-date=7 December 2017}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://econfaculty.gmu.edu/wew/articles/97/gendernorming.htm|title=Gender Norming Update|website=econfaculty.GMU.edu|access-date=7 December 2017}} 7. ^{{cite journal|last1=Donnelly|first1=Elaine|title=CONSTRUCTING THE CO-ED MILITARY|journal=DUKE JOURNAL OF GENDER LAW & POLICY|date=18 June 2007|volume= 14:815|page=815|url=http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1130&context=djglp|access-date=14 April 2015}} 1 : Gender equality |
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