词条 | Republican National Committee | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
| name = Republican National Committee | logo = | key_people = Ronna Romney McDaniel {{small|(Chairperson)}} Bob Paduchik {{small|(Co-Chairperson)}} Todd Ricketts {{small|(Finance Chairperson)}} Kayleigh McEnany {{small|(Spokesperson)}}[1] | foundation = 1856; {{years ago|1856}} years ago | location_city = 310 First Street SE, Washington, D.C. | location_country = U.S. | homepage = {{URL|gop.com}} }} The Republican National Committee (RNC) is a U.S. political committee that provides national leadership for the Republican Party of the United States. It is responsible for developing and promoting the Republican political platform, as well as coordinating fundraising and election strategy. It is also responsible for organizing and running the Republican National Convention. Similar committees exist in every U.S. state and most U.S. counties, although in some states party organization is structured by congressional district, allied campaign organizations being governed by a national committee. Ronna Romney McDaniel is the current committee chairwoman.[2] The RNC's main counterpart is the Democratic National Committee. HistoryThe 1856 Republican National Convention appointed the first RNC. It consisted of one member from each state and territory to serve for four years. Each national convention since then has followed the precedent of equal representation for each state or territory, regardless of population. From 1924 to 1952, there was a national committeeman and national committeewoman from each state and U.S. possession, and from Washington, D.C.. In 1952, committee membership was expanded to include the state party chairs of states that voted Republican in the preceding presidential election, have a Republican majority in their congressional delegation (U.S. representatives and senators), or have Republican governors. By 1968, membership reached 145. As of 2011, the RNC has 168 members.[3] The only person to have chaired the RNC and later become U.S. president is George H. W. Bush. A number of the chairs of the RNC have been state governors. In 2013, the RNC began an outreach campaign toward American youth and minority voters, after studies showed these groups generally perceived that the Republican Party did not care about their concerns.[4] Chairs of the Republican National Committee
Chairman elections1993 RNC Chairman election
{{Color box|limegreen|border=darkgray}} Candidate won majority of votes in the round {{Color box|cornflowerblue|border=darkgray}} Candidate secured a plurality of votes in the round {{Color box|lightgrey|border=darkgray}} Candidate withdrew 1997 RNC Chairman election
{{Color box|limegreen|border=darkgray}} Candidate won majority of votes in the round {{Color box|cornflowerblue|border=darkgray}} Candidate secured a plurality of votes in the round {{Color box|lightgrey|border=darkgray}} Candidate withdrew
2009 RNC Chairman election{{Main|2009 Republican National Committee chairmanship election}}On November 24, 2008, Steele launched his campaign for the RNC chairmanship with the launching of his website.[10] On January 30, 2009, Steele won the chairmanship of the RNC in the sixth round, with 91 votes to Dawson's 77.[11] Source: CQPolitics,[12] and Poll Pundit.[13]
{{Color box|limegreen|border=darkgray}} Candidate won majority of votes in the round {{Color box|cornflowerblue|border=darkgray}} Candidate secured a plurality of votes in the round {{Color box|lightgrey|border=darkgray}} Candidate withdrew On announcing his candidacy to succeed RNC Chairman Duncan, former Maryland Lt. Gov. Michael Steele described the party as being at a crossroads and not knowing what to do. "I think I may have some keys to open the door, some juice to turn on the lights," he said.[14] Six people ran for the 2009 RNC Chairmanship: Steele, Ken Blackwell, Mike Duncan, Saul Anuzis, Katon Dawson and Chip Saltsman. After Saltsman's withdrawal, there were only five candidates during the hotly contested balloting January 30, 2009. After the third round of balloting that day, Steele held a small lead over incumbent Mike Duncan of Kentucky, with 51 votes to Duncan's 44. Shortly after the announcement of the standings, Duncan dropped out of contention without endorsing a candidate.[15] Ken Blackwell, the only other African-American candidate, dropped out after the fourth ballot and endorsed Steele, though Blackwell had been the most socially conservative of the candidates and Steele had been accused of not being "sufficiently conservative." Steele picked up Blackwell's votes.[16] After the fifth round, Steele held a ten-vote lead over Katon Dawson, with 79 votes, and Saul Anuzis dropped out.[17] After the sixth vote, he won the chairmanship of the RNC over Dawson by a vote of 91 to 77.[18] Mississippi Governor and former RNC chair Haley Barbour has suggested the party will focus its efforts on congressional and gubernatorial elections in the coming years rather than the next presidential election. "When I was chairman of the Republican National Committee the last time we lost the White House in 1992 we focused exclusively on 1993 and 1994. And at the end of that time, we had both houses of Congress with Republican majorities, and we'd gone from 17 Republican governors to 31. So anyone talking about 2012 today doesn't have their eye on the ball. What we ought to worry about is rebuilding our party over the next year and particularly in 2010," Barbour said at the November 2008 Republican Governors conference.[19] 2011 RNC Chairman election{{Main|2011 Republican National Committee chairmanship election}}Michael Steele ran for re-election at the 2011 RNC winter meeting.[20] Other candidates were Reince Priebus, Republican Party of Wisconsin Chairman, Ann Wagner, former Ambassador to Luxembourg, Saul Anuzis, former Republican Party Chairman of Michigan, and Maria Cino, former acting Secretary of Transportation under George W. Bush. Steele's critics increasingly called on him to step down as RNC Chair when his term ended in 2011. A debate for Chairman hosted by Americans for Tax Reform took place on January 3 at the National Press Club.[21][22] The election for Chairman took place January 14 at the RNC's winter meeting with Reince Priebus winning on the seventh ballot after Steele and Wagner withdrew.
{{Color box|limegreen|border=darkgray}} Candidate won majority of votes in the round {{Color box|cornflowerblue|border=darkgray}} Candidate secured a plurality of votes in the round {{Color box|lightgrey|border=darkgray}} Candidate withdrew 2013, 2015, and 2017 RNC Chairman electionsPriebus won re-election with near unanimity in the party's 2013 meeting in Charlotte, North Carolina.[23] He was re-elected to a third term in 2015, setting him up to become the longest serving head of the party ever.[24] After winning in November 2016, President-Elect Donald Trump designated Priebus as his White House Chief of Staff, to begin upon his taking office in January 2017; David Bossie of Maryland was seen as a potential next RNC chairman.[25] Trump then recommended Ronna Romney McDaniel as RNC Chairwoman and she was elected to that role by the RNC in January 2017. ==Current Republican National Committee members== A collapsible list of the voting members of the Republican National Committee follows, as of August 2018. The state chair, national committeeman and national committeewoman each receive one vote at RNC meetings and vote for RNC Chairmanship.
Para Bellum LabsIn February 2014, during the chairmanship of Reince Priebus, the RNC launched an in-house technology incubator called Para Bellum Labs.[82] This new unit of the RNC was first headed by Azarias Reda, an engineer with a PhD in computer science from the University of Michigan. The effort is designed to help the party and its candidates bridge the technology gap. Para Bellum, translated from Latin, means "prepare for war."[83] See also{{Portal|United States|Conservatism|Politics}}
References1. ^{{cite press release |url=https://gop.com/kayleigh-mcenany-named-rnc-spokesperson |title=Kayleigh McEnany Named RNC Spokesperson |date=August 7, 2017 |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=February 20, 2019 }} 2. ^[https://gop.com/leaders/national/ National leaders - GOP.com] 3. ^Fox News.com 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://thehill.com/video/campaign/288661-rnc-drastic-changes-needed-if-gop-hopes-to-remain-competitive |title=RNC: 'Drastic changes' needed if party hopes to remain competitive |first1=Cameron |last1=Joseph |first2=Jonathan |last2=Easley |work=The Hill |date=March 18, 2013 |accessdate=March 18, 2013 }} 5. ^The Political Graveyard web site, A Database of Historic Cemeteries, accessed July 17, 2006. 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://rulers.org/usgovt.html#parties |title=U.S. government departments and offices, etc. |accessdate=January 30, 2009 |work=rulers.org |publisher=B. Schemmel }} 7. ^{{cite news |title=Campbell To Succeed Himself. He Will Probably Be National Committeeman from Illinois Again. |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/435889002.html?dids=435889002:435889002&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=May+10%2C+1892&author=&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=CAMPBELL+TO+SUCCEED+HIMSELF.&pqatl=google |quote=William J. Campbell of Chicago will succeed himself as the representative of Illinois on the National Republican committee. Mr. Campbell says he does not want the office and that he will make no effort for it, but he will be elected with few if any dissenting votes... |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date= |accessdate=2012-09-30 }} 8. ^{{cite news |title=Campbell Will Not serve... |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F40710F73E5C17738DDDAF0894DF405B8285F0D3 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=July 6, 1892 |accessdate=September 9, 2013 }} 9. ^{{cite news |title=Campbell Picks His Nine... | url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F20C14FE395C17738DDDA10894DF405B8285F0D3 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=July 8, 1892 |accessdate=September 9, 2013 }} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.politickermd.com/danielreiter/4232/steele-website-goes-live#comment-9959 |title=Steele Website Goes Live |first=Daniel |last=Reiter |publisher=Politicker.com |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090126051147/http://www.politickermd.com/danielreiter/4232/steele-website-goes-live |archivedate=January 26, 2009 }} 11. ^{{cite news|last=Burns|first=Alexander|title=It's Steele!|publisher=The Politico|date=2009-01-30|url=http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0109/18216.html|accessdate=2009-01-30}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cqpolitics.com/wmspage.cfm?docID=news-000003021842&cpage=1 |title=Republican Choose Michael Steele as Party Chairman |publisher=CQ Politics |date=January 30, 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090203003925/http://www.cqpolitics.com/wmspage.cfm?docID=news-000003021842&cpage=1 |archivedate=February 3, 2009 }} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://polipundit.com/index.php?p=20632 |title=RNC Chairman Vote: Live Coverage |work=PollPundit.com |date=January 30, 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202073843/http://polipundit.com/index.php?p=20632 |archivedate=February 2, 2009 }} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/thefix/2008/11/michael_steele_to_run_for_rnc.html?nav=rss_blog |title=Michael Steele to Run For RNC Chair |accessdate=February 12, 2009 |last=Cillizza |first=Chris |date=November 13, 2008 |work=The Fix |publisher=The Washington Post}} 15. ^Armbinder, Mark. RNC Chairman Duncan Drops Re-Election Bid, January 30, 2009, The Atlantic. 16. ^Cillizza, Chris. Steele Elected RNC Chair, January 30, 2009, Washington Post. 17. ^Hamby, Peter. BREAKING: Steele picked to lead RNC, January 30, 2009, CNN Political Ticker. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090204093205/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/category/rnc-race/ |date=February 4, 2009 }} 18. ^{{cite news|last=Burns|first=Alexander|title=It's Steele!|publisher=The Politico|date=January 30, 2009|url=http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0109/18216.html|accessdate=January 30, 2009}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=OTgxMDMyNTU4NTE2MjM5MDQyNDlkMzU0YTlkNmNiMjQ= |title=Palin, the Governors, and the New Power in the Republican Party |accessdate=February 12, 2009 |last=York |first=Byron |authorlink=Byron York |date=November 13, 2008 |publisher=National Review Online |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090109203529/http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=OTgxMDMyNTU4NTE2MjM5MDQyNDlkMzU0YTlkNmNiMjQ= |archivedate=January 9, 2009 }} 20. ^{{cite news |url=http://politics.blogs.foxnews.com/2010/12/13/sources-say-steele-will-seek-second-term-rnc-chair |title=Steele Seeks Second Term As RNC Chair |first=Doug |last=McKelway |date=December 13, 2010 |accessdate=March 12, 2014 |newspaper=Fox News }} 21. ^{{cite news |url=http://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/130791-steele-faces-opposition-dissent-among-rnc-members |title=Steele faces opposition, dissent among RNC members |date=November 27, 2010 |accessdate=March 11, 2014 |newspaper=The Hill |first=Elise |last=Viebeck }} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rncdebate.org/ |publisher=Americans for Tax Reform and The Daily Caller |accessdate=March 11, 2014 |title=The RNC Chairman's Debate |date=January 3, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140312224431/http://www.rncdebate.org/ |archivedate=March 12, 2014 }} 23. ^{{cite news |url=http://time.com/3624743/rnc-reince-priebus-reelection-bid/ |title=RNC Chairman Reince Priebus Set for Re-Election Bid |first=Zeke J |last=Miller |newspaper=Time |date=December 8, 2014 |access-date=June 25, 2016 |quote=Priebus was re-elected to his second term with near unanimity in 2013 at the party's meeting in Charlotte }} 24. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/01/16/politics/priebus-reelected-to-third-term-as-rnc-chairman/ |title=Priebus overwhelmingly elected to third term as RNC chairman |first=Mark |last=Preston |publisher=CNN |date=January 16, 2015 |access-date=June 25, 2016 |quote=Priebus was elected Friday in a resounding vote to serve a third term as chairman of the Republican National Committee, putting him on course to become the longest serving head of the national party in history. }} 25. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/donald-trump-names-rnc-chair-reince-priebus-chief-staff-sources-n683276 |title=Donald Trump Names RNC Chair Reince Priebus Chief of Staff |last1=Jackson |first1=Hallie |last2=Tur |first2=Katy |last3=Jaffe |first3=Alexandra |date=November 13, 2016 |website=nbcnews.com |publisher=NBC News |pages=1 |access-date=November 13, 2016 }} 26. ^{{cite web |url=https://gop.com/leaders/states/AL |title=Alabama |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 27. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/AK |title=Alaska |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 28. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/AS |title=American Samoa |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 29. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/AZ |title=Arizona |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 30. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/AR |title=Arkansas |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 31. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/CA |title=California |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 32. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/CO |title=Colorado |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 33. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/CT |title=Connecticut |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 34. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/DE |title=Delaware |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 35. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/DC |title=District of Columbia |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 36. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/FL |title=Florida |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 37. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/GA |title=Georgia |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 38. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/GU |title=Guam |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 39. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/HI |title=Hawaii |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 40. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/ID |title=Idaho |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 41. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/IL |title=Illinois |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 42. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/IN |title=Indiana |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 43. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/IA |title=Iowa |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 44. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/KS |title=Kansas |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 45. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/members/KY |title=Kentucky |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 46. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/LA |title=Louisiana |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 47. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/ME |title=Maine |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 48. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/MD |title=Maryland |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 49. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/MA |title=Massachusetts |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 50. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/MI |title=Michigan |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 51. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/MN |title=Minnesota |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 52. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.twincities.com/2017/04/29/republicans-elect-outsider-jennifer-carnahan-as-party-chair/ | title=Republicans elect outsider Jennifer Carnahan as party chair | work=Pioneer Press | date=April 29, 2017 | accessdate=May 10, 2017 | author=Montgomery, David}} 53. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/MS |title=Mississippi |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 54. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/MO |title=Missouri |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 55. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/MT |title=Montana |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 56. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/NE |title=Nebraska |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 57. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/members/nevada/ |title=Nevada |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 58. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/NH |title=New Hampshire |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 59. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/NJ |title=New Jersey |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 60. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/members/leaders/states/NM |title=New Mexico |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 61. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/NY |title=New York |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 62. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/NC |title=North Carolina |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 63. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/ND |title=North Dakota |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 64. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/MP |title=Northern Mariana Islands |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 65. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/OH |title=Ohio |publisher=Republican National Committee |accessdate=August 24, 2018 }} 66. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/OK |title=Oklahoma |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 67. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/OR |title=Oregon |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 68. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/PA |title=Pennsylvania |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 69. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/PR |title=Puerto Rico |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 70. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/RI |title=Rhode Island |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 71. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/members/SC |title=South Carolina |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 72. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/SD |title=South Dakota |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 73. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/TN |title=Tennessee |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 74. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/TX |title=Texas |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 75. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/UT |title=Utah |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 76. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/VT |title=Vermont |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 77. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/VA |title=Virginia |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 78. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/WA |title=Washington |publisher=Republican National Committee |accessdate=August 24, 2018 }} 79. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/WV |title=West Virginia |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 80. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/WI |title=Wisconsin |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 81. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gop.com/leaders/states/WY |title=Wyoming |publisher=Republican National Committee |access-date=August 24, 2018 }} 82. ^{{cite web|title=RNC Tries to Lure Tech Talent|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2014/02/04/rnc-tries-to-lure-tech-talent-for-digital-incubator/|publisher=WSJ|quote=The RNC Tuesday is announcing the formation of Para Bellum Labs, an in-house technology incubator that combines the committee's data-analytics arm with its digital-marketing unit.}} 83. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.nationalreview.com/article/370962/rncs-data-push-greeted-skepticism-eliana-johnson |title=RNC's Data Push Greeted with Skepticism |publisher=National Review |date=February 12, 2014 |access-date=November 6, 2015 |first=Eliana |last=Johnson |quote=the RNC last week unveiled Para Bellum Labs — para bellum is Latin for 'prepare for war' — an initiative designed to help the party and its candidates bridge the technology gap }} External links
5 : 1856 establishments in the United States|Executive committees of political parties|Political parties established in 1856|Republican National Committee|Republican Party (United States) organizations |
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