词条 | Republican Study Committee |
释义 |
| name = Republican Study Committee | logo = | colorcode = #BE2126 | leader1_title = House chairman | leader1_name =Mike Johnson (LA) | foundation = {{start date and age|1973}} | ideology = {{no wrap|Conservatism[1] Fiscal conservatism[1] Social conservatism[1]}} | position = Right-wing[2] | national = Republican Party | colors = {{colorbox|#BE2126}} Red | seats1_title = Seats in House Republican Caucus | seats1 = {{composition bar|121|199|hex=#BE2126}} | seats2_title = Seats in the House | seats2 = {{composition bar|121|435|hex=#BE2126}} | country = United States | website = {{url|rsc-johnson.house.gov}} }} The Republican Study Committee (RSC) is a caucus of 123 conservative members[3] of the Republican Party in the United States House of Representatives. Although the primary functions of the RSC vary from year to year, it has always pushed for significant cuts in non-defense spending, spearheaded efforts to pass free trade agreements, advocated socially conservative legislation, and supported the right to keep and bear arms. It has proposed an alternative budget every year since 1995. In 2007, in conjunction with the unveiling of its "Taxpayer Bill of Rights," it presented an alternative budget resolution that would balance the budget within five years without increasing income taxes.[6][4] Its alternative budget proposals are regularly praised by the editors of National Review, a leading conservative journal of opinion. After over ten years at RSC's helm, Executive Director Paul Teller was fired in December 2013 for divulging member conversations.[8] Entering the 116th United States Congress, the RSC is the largest ideological caucus in Congress of either party. InitiativesThe RSC's key legislative initiatives are detailed in the American Taxpayer Bill of Rights,[5] unveiled in March 2007.[6]
HistoryThe RSC was founded in 1973 by Paul Weyrich and other conservative activists to keep a watch on the House Republican leadership, which they saw at the time as too moderate. Their formation mirrored the rise of the Democratic Study Group, a liberal force in the Democratic Caucus founded in 1959. The group's first chairman was Phil Crane of Illinois. The group briefly dissolved in 1995 after the Republicans won control of the House for the first time in 40 years when Newt Gingrich abolished it and other similar groups. However, it was almost immediately refounded as the Conservative Action Team (CATs) by Dan Burton of Indiana (the last chairman of the original RSC), Sam Johnson of Texas, John Doolittle of California and Ernest Istook of Oklahoma. The four founders alternated as chairmen throughout the next two Congresses until David McIntosh of Indiana became chairman in 1998. When he resigned from the chairmanship in 2000 to focus on his run for governor of Indiana, Johnson reassumed the chairmanship. John Shadegg of Arizona became chairman in 2001, renaming it the RSC soon after taking over. Shadegg increased the group's membership from 40 members in 2001 to 70 members in 2003. Sue Myrick of North Carolina was the first woman to serve as chair from 2003 to 2005. Mike Pence, currently Vice President but then an Indiana congressman, served as chairman from 2005 to 2007 and Jeb Hensarling of Texas served as chairman from 2007 to 2009. Tom Price of Georgia succeeded Hensarling in 2009. After the Republicans regained control of Congress in the 2010 elections, Jim Jordan of Ohio was elected chairman of the RSC. After the 2012 elections, Steve Scalise of Louisiana served as chairman until his election as House Majority Whip in July 2014. He was replaced by Rob Woodall of Georgia. In November 2014, Bill Flores of Texas was elected chairman of the group for the 114th Congress. Several members of the RSC have held high positions in the House leadership. At one point, seven of the nine top Republican leaders—Majority Leader Eric Cantor, Chief Deputy Whip Peter Roskam, Conference Chairman Jeb Hensarling, Conference Vice-Chairwoman Cathy McMorris Rodgers, Conference Secretary John Carter, Policy Committee chairman Tom Price, and National Republican Congressional Committee chairman Pete Sessions—were members of the RSC. Only two members of Republican leadership were not members of the RSC: then-Speaker of the House John Boehner (who is, by tradition, the leader of the House Republicans) and then-Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy. Paul Teller spent over 10 years as Executive Director of RSC. He was fired in December 2013 by Chairman Steve Scalise for divulging member conversations.[7] Teller had been working with two outside groups in opposition to a budget deal forged by Paul Ryan and Patty Murray.[8]Chairs
ConnectionsThe organization has had ties to outside groups allied with conservative elements of the Republican Party, such as the National Rifle Association, the Heritage Foundation, Focus on the Family, Concerned Women for America, the conservative magazine National Review, and the libertarian Cato Institute.{{citation needed|date=October 2013}} A subgroup of the committee, the Values Action Team, coordinates legislation with religious organizations, including the Christian right. It has been headed by Joe Pitts of Pennsylvania since its formation in 1997.{{citation needed|date=October 2013}} The RSC membership list is available at the group's website.[9] It counts current Vice President Mike Pence, former Vice Presidents Dan Quayle and Dick Cheney and former House Majority Leader Tom DeLay among its former members. In addition, at least four sitting senators—Pat Toomey (PA), Richard Burr (NC), John Boozman (AR), and Roger Wicker (MS)—were members of the RSC while serving in the House. At least three former governors–Pence (IN), Butch Otter (ID) and Bobby Jindal (LA) were also members. Political issuesOn June 16, 2010, the committee issued a press release critical of the administration of U.S. President Barack Obama for negotiating an agreement with energy company BP to waive the $75 million federal limit on oil company liability for oil spills. The statement called the agreement requiring BP to set aside $20 billion to pay damage claims for the Deepwater Horizon oil spill a "Chicago-style political shakedown" by the White House.[10] In July 2013, the Republican Study Committee barred Heritage Foundation employees from attending its weekly meeting in the Capitol, reversing a decades-old policy, over disagreements about the farm bill.[11] Members{{update|date=January 2019}}Alabama
Note: italics means the Representative retired or was defeated in his/her primary or general election Source:[3] See also
References
1. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=About RSC|url=http://rsc.woodall.house.gov/aboutrsc/default.aspx|publisher=Republican Study Committee|accessdate=July 23, 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728140126/http://rsc.woodall.house.gov/aboutrsc/default.aspx|archivedate=28 July 2014|df=dmy-all}} 2. ^{{cite web|last1=Wasson|first1=Eric|author2=Berman, Russell|title=GOP Rep. Scalise elected RSC chairman, pledges to pull leadership 'to the right'|url=http://thehill.com/policy/finance/268261-scalise-will-head-republican-study-committee|accessdate=July 23, 2014|date=November 15, 2012}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|title=Member List|author=|url=https://rsc-johnson.house.gov/|format=|publisher=|date=|accessdate=6 November 2017}} 4. ^"Republican Substitute / The Budget Resolution for Fiscal Year 2008" (March 27, 2007). Available as a PDF file at House Republican Budget Alternative, section: FY2008 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427104332/http://budget.house.gov/budgetanalysis/budgetalternative.htm|date=27 April 2017}}. U.S. House of Representatives Committee on the Budget. budget.house.gov. Retrieved 2017-03-25. 5. ^{{cite web |title=The RSC's Taxpayer Bill of Rights |url=http://rsc.jordan.house.gov/Solutions/TaxpayerBillofRights.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121212223605/http://rsc.jordan.house.gov/solutions/taxpayerbillofrights.htm |archive-date=December 12, 2012 |access-date=2017-03-25 |publisher=Republican Study Committee}} 6. ^1 {{cite web |title=RSC Leaders Rally to Support Taxpayers as Democrats Sanction Largest Tax Increase in American History |date=March 21, 2007 | type=press release |publisher=Republican Study Committee |url=http://rsc.jordan.house.gov/doc/rsc%20release%20after%20outside%20group%20tabor%20presser--march2007.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121213203922/http://rsc.jordan.house.gov/doc/rsc%20release%20after%20outside%20group%20tabor%20presser--march2007.pdf |archive-date=December 13, 2012 |access-date=2017-03-25}} 7. ^1 {{cite news|last=Alberta|first=Tim|title=RSC Fires Executive Director for Leaking 'Member-Level' Talks to Outside Groups|url=http://www.nationaljournal.com/congress/rsc-fires-executive-director-for-leaking-member-level-talks-to-outside-groups-20131211|newspaper=National Journal|date=December 11, 2013}} 8. ^{{cite news|last=Kane|first=Paul|title=House GOP leader Steve Scalise fires top aide, Paul Teller, citing breach of trust|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/house-gop-leader-steve-scalise-fires-top-aide-paul-teller-citing-breach-of-trust/2013/12/11/5bee749e-62a1-11e3-a373-0f9f2d1c2b61_story.html|newspaper=Washington Post|date=December 11, 2013}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://rsc.jordan.house.gov/AboutRSC/Members/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2009-04-17 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717124830/http://rsc.jordan.house.gov/AboutRSC/Members/ |archivedate=17 July 2011 |df=dmy-all }}, RSC's 2012 website. 10. ^{{cite press release|title=Chicago-Style Political Shakedown | Republican Study Committee (RSC)|url=http://rsc.scalise.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=191125|publisher=Republican Study Committee|date=2010-06-16|accessdate=2013-07-14|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130504135022/http://rsc.scalise.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=191125|archivedate=4 May 2013|df=dmy-all}} 11. ^Republican Lawmakers Retaliate Against Heritage Foundation, Tim Alberts, National Journal, August 28, 2013 External links
5 : Ideological caucuses of the United States Congress|Republican Party (United States) organizations|1973 establishments in Washington, D.C.|Organizations established in 1973|Conservatism in the United States |
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