| 词条 | George Hamilton (Australian police officer) |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = George Hamilton | honorific_suffix = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = George Hamilton, Commissioner of Police for South Australia, 1867-1881.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = George Hamilton | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1812|03|12}} | birth_place = Herefordshire, England | disappeared_date = | disappeared_place = | disappeared_status = | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1883|08|02|1812|03|12}} | death_place = | death_cause = | body_discovered = | resting_place = West Terrace Cemetery | resting_place_coordinates = | monuments = | residence = | nationality = | other_names = | ethnicity = | citizenship = | education = Harrow School | alma_mater = | occupation = Commissioner of police | years_active = 1867–1881 | employer = South Australia Police | organization = Colony of South Australia | agent = | known_for = Artist, author, Animal activist | notable_works = | style = | home_town = | salary = | net_worth = | height = | weight = | television = | title = Commissioner of Police | term = | predecessor = | successor = | party = | movement = | opponents = | boards = | religion = | denomination = | criminal_charge = | criminal_penalty = | criminal_status = | spouse = | partner = Unmarried | children = | parents = | relatives = | callsign = | awards = | signature = | signature_alt = | signature_size = | module = | module2 = | module3 = | module4 = | module5 = | module6 = | website = | footnotes = }} George Hamilton (12 March 1812 – 2 August 1883), was a pioneer overlander, artist, settler, and police officer in the Colony of South Australia, serving as Commissioner of Police for fifteen years. OriginsHamilton came from an old Herefordshire family[1] and as a youth was educated at Harrow School before serving as midshipman in the Royal Navy. Farming was his major interest when he emigrated to Australia, firstly to Sydney, before overlanding sheep to Port Phillip, Victoria. He then participated in overlanding a herd of cattle to South Australia in October 1839, along with close friend E.B. Scott. For the next few years he combined mixed farming along with his artistic talents, both visual arts and authorship, all of which had considerable merit, but none of which were a resounding success. In 1848 he accepted a position as clerk with the Colonial Treasury and, when the Gold Escorts from the Victorian Goldfields were established, he transferred in May 1852 to become Bullion Clerk in the busy Gold Escort Office.[2] Early Police careerOn 1 December 1853 he joined the South Australian Mounted Police with the rank of Inspector, at the invitation of Alexander Tolmer, who around the time had been demoted from Commissioner of Police to Chief Inspector.[3] He progressed gradually through the ranks. Around 1860 he was appointed Chief Inspector and also acted in the position of Commissioner on occasion.[4] During this period he was an activist for the humane treatment of horses, publishing two significant books on that topic, these early endeavours in the prevention of animal cruelty now being recognised at the National Museum of Australia.[5] On 14 November 1867, aged 55 years, he was appointed Commissioner of Police, succeeding Major Peter Warburton, who had been asked to resign. Inspector William Searcy was promoted to Hamilton's former position of Chief Inspector.[6] Commissioner of PoliceHamilton had already served twenty years in the force when he was appointed, and so he was well familiar with its policies and politics. He was destined to preside over a period of solid growth and reorganisation, restoring the reputation of the force from one of disorganisation. He was involved in advising and fitting out a number of government and private exploration parties. Hamilton was a noted horseman, and placed great importance on mounted constabulary during his time as Commissioner, which made a career with the police an attractive choice for bright adventurous young men. He was a stern disciplinarian and developed the police force into a well-drilled and efficient service. He never failed to punish infractions, nor to give credit for good work.[1] He was not only a great supporter of the artistic merits of photography, but could also see its benefit in police investigations. In the late 1860s he introduced the science of photography to the South Australia Police, appointing Detective Von Der Borch as its official photographer. This was followed in 1880 by his introduction of the scientific analysis of handwriting, appointing Detective Peter Webster as the first handwriting expert. In 1881 he took one year's leave of absence prior to resignation, and was replaced by W. J. Peterswald.[7] From the day he first set foot in Australia he never left the country. He was closely associated with the vice-regal staff, acing as aide-de-camp on occasion[8] and at the time of his death was serving as extra aide-de-camp of Sir William Robinson. Lake Hamilton on Eyre Peninsula bears his name. Artistic and Literary InterestsHamilton's published writings include poetry, essays, verse, and reminiscences. His drawings were often imbued with a somewhat whimsical characterisation. He became something of an authority on art, and was a keen amateur artist. Penman and Galbraith published a collection of his lithographs depicting conflict between European and Aboriginal people.[9] It was reported in 1883 that he had purchased, for £2,000, William Strutt's 1864 painting "Black Thursday" for permanent loan to the South Australian Art Gallery, although this sale may not have been finalised. He was foremost in the foundation of the Adelaide Club, and actually resided there in his retirement.[2] He was an active member of the Acclimatization and Zoological Society.[1] FamilyHamilton never married and in later years lived at the Adelaide Club.[10] Members of his extended family served with distinction in the British Army over several generations, some being elevated to the peerage. He was an elder brother of Maj. Gen. Henry Meade Hamilton, CB, (Crimea, New Zealand, Natal), whose sons included Col. Gilbert Henry Claude Hamilton, CB, General Sir Bruce Meade Hamilton, GCB, KCB, KCVO., and Major General Hubert Ion Wetherall Hamilton, CB, CVO, DSO. His other brothers were Dr. Hamilton, of London, and Colonel Dugdale Hamilton with the British Army in India. Published worksHamilton wrote under his own name as well as the pseudonyms John Newcome and An Old Hand. His published works, some of which are illustrated with his own drawings, include:
Engravings of his drawings were also published in:
References1. ^1 2 {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43471398 |title=The Late Mr. George Hamilton |newspaper=South Australian Register |location=Adelaide |date=4 August 1883 |accessdate=15 August 2014 |page=6 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Hamilton, George}}2. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article33767176 |title=Death of Mr. George Hamilton |newspaper=The South Australian Advertiser |location=Adelaide |date=4 August 1883 |accessdate=15 August 2014 |page=4 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}Where the Register's obituary is mostly laudatory, this article damns with faint praise. 3. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article47096596 |title=Presentation to Commissioner Hamilton |newspaper=South Australian Register |location=Adelaide |date=8 July 1881 |accessdate=15 August 2014 |page=2 Supplement: Supplement to the South Australian Register |publisher=National Library of Australia}} An indignant response to Hamilton's criticisms. 4. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article90254777 |title=Funeral of the Late Inspector Pettinger |newspaper=South Australian Weekly Chronicle |location=Adelaide |date=8 February 1862 |accessdate=15 August 2014 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 5. ^http://www.nma.gov.au/collections/highlights/hamilton_horse_welfare 6. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article39185233 |title=Commissioner of Police |newspaper=South Australian Register |location=Adelaide |date=14 February 1867 |accessdate=15 August 2014 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 7. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article91285597 |title=Commissioner Hamilton and the Police |newspaper=South Australian Weekly Chronicle |location=Adelaide |date=9 July 1881 |accessdate=15 August 2014 |page=5 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 8. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article50157317 |title=Levee at Government House |newspaper=South Australian Register |location=Adelaide |date=27 May 1863 |accessdate=15 August 2014 |page=3 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 9. ^http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/item/itemDetailPaged.aspx?itemID=87957|The persecuting white men / The harmless natives.(1848–56) 10. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43472883 |title=Funeral of the late George Hamilton |newspaper=South Australian Register |location=Adelaide |date=6 August 1883 |accessdate=15 August 2014 |page=5 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 11 : Commissioners of the South Australia Police|Australian artists|1812 births|1883 deaths|Adelaide Club|Burials at West Terrace Cemetery|English emigrants to Australia|People educated at Harrow School|Royal Navy officers|People from Herefordshire|19th-century Australian public servants |
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