| 词条 | George Herbert Weiss |
| 释义 |
|image = |image_size = |caption = |birth_date = {{birth date|1930|2|19|}} |birth_place = |death_date = {{Death date and age|2017|02|14|1930|02|19}} |death_place = |residence = United States |citizenship = |nationality = |ethnicity = |fields = Mathematician |workplaces = National Institutes of Health |alma_mater = |doctoral_advisor = |academic_advisors = |doctoral_students = |notable_students = |known_for = Continuous-time random walk |author_abbrev_bot = |author_abbrev_zoo = |influences = |influenced = |awards = |religion = |signature = |footnotes = |website = {{URL|http://mscl.cit.nih.gov/homepages/ghw/}} }} George H. Weiss (February 19, 1930 – February 14, 2017)[1] was an American applied mathematician and physicist at the National Institutes of Health, known for his work on random walks. He did his undergraduate studies at the City College of New York and Columbia University, graduating in 1951, and earned a Ph.D. from the University of Maryland in 1958.[2] AwardsIn 1967, Weiss and Marvin Zelen shared the Washington Academy of Sciences award for their contributions in Mathematics. Established in 1939, this award recognizes noteworthy accomplishments by young scientists (40 years of age and under). In May 2010, the NIH held a symposium entitled "Random Walks in Biology and Beyond", in honor of Weiss's 80th birthday and recent retirement. In July 2010, at the Mexican Meeting on Mathematical and Experimental Physics, Weiss was awarded the Leopoldo García-Colín-Scherer Medal. This medal has been established in 2001 and awarded every three years to recognize outstanding international scientists for their contributions to the development of science. ResearchMain contributions of Weiss are in the theory of random walks, in particular, the development of the Continuous Time Random Walk (CTRW). The original article that introduced CTRW [3] has been cited more than 2000 times, and this work found applications in many different fields. In the summer of 2017, the European Physical Journal B (Condensed Matter and Complex Systems) is planning to publish a Special Issue: "Continuous Time Random Walk: fifty years on", which celebrates 50 years since the appearance of this seminal paper. The submissions to this issue are accepted until 31 May 2017 (EPJB). Weiss himself has made many significant contributions in applying the CTRW framework in the areas of optical imaging,[4][5][6][7][8][9] financial market theory,[10] and other fields. In recent years, his research in optical imaging was focusing on the application of CTRW in the case of the spatially anisotropic optical properties.[11][12][13] Weiss also used the renewal theory techniques to analyze the traffic flow, aiming to understand the problems of traffic delay and congestion. Besides his contributions in applications of CTRW to optical imaging, made also significant contributions in general medical research,[14] and has worked extensively on crystalline lattices and their properties.[15] FamilyGeorge H. Weiss was married to Delia Weiss (née Orgel; a sister of chemist Leslie Orgel). They have three children and nine grandchildren. He lived in Silver Spring, Maryland until his death. Selected publications
| last1 = Maradudin | first1 = A. A. | last2 = Montroll | first2 = E. W. | author2-link = Elliott Waters Montroll | last3 = Weiss | first3 = G. H. | mr = 0154684 | publisher = Academic Press | series = Solid State Physics | title = Theory of Lattice Dynamics in the Harmonic Approximation | year = 1963}}.
| last = Weiss | first = George H. | isbn = 0-444-81606-2 | mr = 1280031 | publisher = North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam | series = Random Materials and Processes | title = Aspects and Applications of the Random Walk | year = 1994}}.
| last1 = Shmueli | first1 = Uri | last2 = Weiss | first2 = George H. | isbn = 978-0198559269 | publisher = Oxford University Press | series = International Union of Crystallography Book Series | title = Introduction to Crystallographic Statistics | volume = 6 | year = 1995}}.
| last1 = Kimura | first1 = Motoo | author1-link = Motoo Kimura | last2 = Weiss | first2 = George H. | issue = 4 | journal = Genetics | pages = 561–576 | pmc = 1210594 | title = The stepping stone model of population structure and the decrease of genetic correlation with distance | volume = 49 | year = 1964 | pmid=17248204}}.
| last1 = Montroll | first1 = Elliott W. | author1-link = Elliott Waters Montroll | last2 = Weiss | first2 = George H. | doi = 10.1063/1.1704269 | journal = Journal of Mathematical Physics | mr = 0172344 | pages = 167–181 | title = Random walks on lattices. II | volume = 6 | year = 1965| bibcode = 1965JMP.....6..167M}}. References1. ^{{cite web|title=GEORGE WEISS: Notice of Death|url=http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/washingtonpost/obituary.aspx?fhid=6125&n=george-weiss&pid=184151024|publisher=The Washington Post|accessdate=16 February 2017}} 2. ^{{citation | last1 = Havlin | first1 = Shlomo | last2 = Nossal | first2 = Ralph | last3 = Shlesinger | first3 = Michael | doi = 10.1007/BF01049583 | issue = 5–6 | journal = Journal of Statistical Physics | pages = 837–838 | title = George Herbert Weiss | volume = 65 | year = 1991| bibcode = 1991JSP....65..837H}}. 3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Montroll|first1=Elliott W.|last2=Weiss|first2=George H.|title=Random Walks on Lattices. II|journal=Journal of Mathematical Physics|date=1965|volume=6|issue=2|pages=167|doi=10.1063/1.1704269|bibcode=1965JMP.....6..167M}} 4. ^{{cite journal|last1=Bonner|first1=R. F.|last2=Nossal|first2=R.|last3=Havlin|first3=S.|last4=Weiss|first4=G. H.|title=Model for photon migration in turbid biological media|journal=Journal of the Optical Society of America A|date=1 March 1987|volume=4|issue=3|pages=423|doi=10.1364/JOSAA.4.000423|bibcode=1987JOSAA...4..423B}} 5. ^Nossal, R., Kiefer, J., Weiss, G. H., Bonner, R., Taitelbaum, H., & Havlin, S. (1988). Photon migration in layered media. Applied Optics, 27(16), 3382-3391. 6. ^Taitelbaum, H., Havlin, S., & Weiss, G. H. (1989). Approximate theory of photon migration in a two-layer medium. Applied Optics, 28(12), 2245-2249. 7. ^Gandjbakhche, A. H., & Weiss, G. H. (1995). V: Random Walk and Diffusion-Like Models of Photon Migration in Turbid Media. Progress in optics, 34, 333-402. 8. ^Weiss, G. H., Porrà, J. M., & Masoliver, J. (1998). The continuous-time random walk description of photon motion in an isotropic medium. Optics communications, 146(1), 268-276. 9. ^Chernomordik, V., Gandjbakhche, A. H., Hassan, M., Pajevic, S., & Weiss, G. H. (2010). A CTRW-based model of time-resolved fluorescence lifetime imaging in a turbid medium. Optics communications, 283(23), 4832-4839. 10. ^{{cite journal|last1=Masoliver|first1=Jaume|last2=Montero|first2=Miquel|last3=Perelló|first3=Josep|last4=Weiss|first4=George H.|title=The continuous time random walk formalism in financial markets|journal=Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization|date=December 2006|volume=61|issue=4|pages=577–598|doi=10.1016/j.jebo.2004.07.015|arxiv=physics/0611138}} 11. ^Dagdug, Leonardo, George H. Weiss, and Amir H. Gandjbakhche. "Effects of anisotropic optical properties on photon migration in structured tissues." Physics in Medicine and Biology 48.10 (2003): 1361. 12. ^Dudko, O. K., Weiss, G. H., Chernomordik, V., & Gandjbakhche, A. H. (2004). Photon migration in turbid media with anisotropic optical properties. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 49(17), 3979 13. ^Chernomordik, V., Gandjbakhche, A. H., Weiss, G. H., & Dagdug, L. (2010). Effects of anisotropy of the turbid media on the photon penetration depth. Journal of Modern Optics, 57(20), 2048-2053. 14. ^{{cite journal|last1=Caveness|first1=William F.|last2=Meirowsky|first2=Arnold M.|last3=Rish|first3=Berkeley L.|last4=Mohr|first4=Jay P.|last5=Kistler|first5=J. Philip|last6=Dillon|first6=J. Daniel|last7=Weiss|first7=George H.|title=The nature of posttraumatic epilepsy|journal=Journal of Neurosurgery|date=May 1979|volume=50|issue=5|pages=545–553|doi=10.3171/jns.1979.50.5.0545}} 15. ^{{cite journal|last1=Weiss|first1=G. H.|last2=Maradudin|first2=A. A.|title=The Baker-Hausdorff Formula and a Problem in Crystal Physics|journal=Journal of Mathematical Physics|date=1962|volume=3|issue=4|pages=771|doi=10.1063/1.1724280|bibcode=1962JMP.....3..771W}} External links
6 : 1930 births|2017 deaths|20th-century American mathematicians|21st-century American mathematicians|Columbia University alumni|University of Maryland, College Park alumni |
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