词条 | German Hygiene Museum |
释义 |
|name = German Hygiene Museum |image = Deutsches Hygienemuseum, mit Plastik Ballwerfer von Richard Daniel Fabricius-9716.jpg |caption = Entrance area |imagesize = |pushpin_map = |latitude = |longitude = |established = 1912 |dissolved = |location = Lingnerplatz 1 01069 Dresden, Germany |type = Medicine, health promotion |visitors = 280,000 |director = |curator = |publictransit = |website = [https://www.dhmd.de/en/ German Hygiene Museum ] }} The German Hygiene Museum ({{lang-de|Deutsches Hygiene-Museum}}) is a medical museum in Dresden, Germany. It conceives itself today as a "forum for science, culture and society".[1] It is a popular venue for events and exhibitions, and is among the most visited museums in Dresden, with around 280,000 visitors per year.[2] HistoryThe museum was founded in 1912 by Karl August Lingner, a Dresden businessman and manufacturer of hygiene products, as a permanent "public venue for healthcare education", following the first International Hygiene Exhibition in 1911.[3][4] The second International Hygiene Exhibition was held in 1930/31, in a building erected west of the Großer Garten park according to plans designed by Wilhelm Kreis, which became the museum's permanent home. One of the biggest attractions was, and remains, a transparent model of a human being, the Gläserner Mensch or Transparent Man, of which many copies have subsequently been made for other museums.[4][5] During the Third Reich the museum came under the influence of the Nazis, who used it to produce material propagandising their racial ideology and promoting eugenics. Various Nazi government offices relocated to the museum between 1933 and 1941,[6] and the German Labour Front's Reichsberufswettkampf (National Vocational Competition) was held there in 1944. Large parts of the building and collection were destroyed by the bombing of Dresden in 1945.[4][5] In the East German period the museum resumed its role as a communicator of public health information. It produced a wide range of educational material, including short films on subjects such as smoking, breastfeeding, sexually transmitted diseases and teenage pregnancy.[7] In 1988 the museum, working in co-operation with East German gay and lesbian activists, commissioned DEFA film studios to make the documentary film Die andere Liebe (English:The Other Love), the first East German film that dealt with the subject of homosexuality.[8] The museum also commissioned the only HIV/AIDS prevention documentary produced in the GDR, Liebe ohne Angst (Love without fear) in 1989.[9] Following German reunification the museum was reconceived and modernised, starting in 1991. In 2001 it was included in the German government's Blue Book, a list of around 20 so-called "Cultural Lighthouses" – cultural institutions of national importance in the former East Germany – in an association called the KNK. Between 2001 and 2005 the museum was renovated and partly rebuilt under the architect Peter Kulka.[4][5][10] Exhibitions, collection and other activitiesThe museum's permanent features are the exhibition "Human Adventure" (Abenteuer Mensch), covering the human race, the body, and health in its cultural and social contexts, and a children's museum of the senses.[11] The museum owns an extensive collection of around 45,000 items documenting the public promotion of bodily awareness and healthy day-to-day behaviour, mostly from the early 20th century onwards.[4][5] There is a regular program of temporary exhibitions on social or scientific issues. Recent examples have included "Religious Energy", "What Is Beautiful?" and "War and Medicine". The museum also organises scientific and cultural events, including talks, meetings, debates, readings, and concerts.[4][12] Further reading
References1. ^A forum for science, culture and society {{en icon}} 2. ^Lernort Museum – Wie wollen wir leben? Ethische Debatten im Museum {{de icon}} 3. ^Hygiene Ausstellungen Lingner-Archiv. {{de icon}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 Kulturberichte 1/01: Stiftung Deutsches Hygiene-Museum Arbeitskreis selbständiger Kultur-Institute e.V. {{de icon}} 5. ^1 2 3 Deutsches Hygienemuseum Dresden fertig saniert City of Dresden. 12 November 2010. {{de icon}} 6. ^Bilder vom Menschen – Geschichte und Gegenwart: Die Dauerausstellung des Deutschen Hygiene-Museums in Dresden Susanne König. In Studies in Contemporary History, 4 (2007). {{de icon}} 7. ^Frackman, Kyle (2016) [https://hcommons.org/deposits/objects/hc:19676/datastreams/CONTENT/content The Other Love in the Other Germany: East German Film, Media, and Social Change for Gay Rights, p. 5]. Presented at the Canadian Association of University Teachers of German annual conference on 30 May 2016 in Calgary, Alberta. Retrieved 7 July 2018 8. ^[https://ecommerce.umass.edu/defa/film/5951 The Other Love (Die andere Liebe)] on [https://ecommerce.umass.edu/defa/ DEFA Library website]. Retrieved 6 July 2018 9. ^[https://ecommerce.umass.edu/defa/film/33316 Love Without Fear (Liebe ohne Angst)] on [https://ecommerce.umass.edu/defa/ DEFA Library website]. Retrieved 21 January 2019 10. ^Deutsches Hygiene Museum: Monumentale Mischung aus Neoklassik und triumphierender Moderne Das Neue Dresden. {{de icon}} 11. ^German Hygiene Museum. Exhibitions. Retrieved 6 July 2018 {{en icon}} 12. ^German Hygiene Museum. Archive. Retrieved 6 July 2018 {{en icon}} External links{{Commons category|Deutsches Hygiene-Museum|German Hygiene Museum}}
5 : Museums in Dresden|Museums established in 1912|1912 establishments in Germany|Medical museums in Germany|Medical and health organisations based in Germany |
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