| 词条 | German National Association of Commercial Employees |
| 释义 |
The German National Association of Commercial Employees, also known as the German National Union of Commercial Employees (German: Deutschnationaler Handlungsgehilfen-Verband, DHV) was a German nationalist and anti-Semitic labour union founded in Germany in 1893. It had links with the German Social Party and the Pan-German League.[1] The DHV was directed against social democracy,[2] had an anti-democratic and anti-liberal ideology and supported the concept of a conservative revolution.[3] It promoted the interests of the merchant class. To prevent the spread of social democratic thoughts, it propagated patriotic and Völkisch mentality.[4] It is considered a proto-fascist or pre-fascist movement.[5] It existed between 1893 and 1933.[6] By 1914, the DHV had 160,000 members and by 1932 it had over 400,000 members.[7] It cooperated with the Nazi Party and sought to unite Nazism and political Catholicism together.[8] References1. ^{{cite book|last1=Patch|first1=William L.|title=Christian Trade Unions in the Weimar republic 19-18-1933: The Failure of "Corporate Pluralism"|date=1985|publisher=Yale University Press|location=new Haven|isbn=0300033281}} 2. ^Joan Campbell. European labor unions. Wesport, Connecticut, USA: Greenwood Press, 1992. pp. 163–164. 3. ^Larry Eugene Jones, James N. Retallack. Between Reform, Reaction, And Resistance: Studies in the History of German Conservatism from 1789 to 1945. Berg, 1993, p. 20. 4. ^Matthew Lange. Antisemitic anticapitalism in German culture from 1850-1933. University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2006, p. 224. 5. ^Peter Davies, Derek Lynch. The Routledge companion to fascism and the far right. London, England; New York, New York, USA: Routledge, p. 4. 6. ^Matthew Lange. Antisemitic anticapitalism in German culture from 1850-1933. University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2006. pp. 224. 7. ^Joan Campbell. European labor unions. Wesport, Connecticut, USA: Greenwood Press, 1992, p. 164. 8. ^Joan Campbell. European labor unions. Wesport, Connecticut, USA: Greenwood Press, 1992. pp. 163–164. External links
3 : Early Nazism (–1933)|Trade unions established in 1893|1893 establishments in Germany |
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