| 词条 | German submarine U-129 (1941) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
German submarine U-129 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was laid down at the AG Weser yard, Bremen as yard number 992 on 30 July 1940, launched on 28 February 1941 and was commissioned on 21 May with Kapitänleutnant Nicolai Clausen in command. Her service life began with training in the 4th U-boat Flotilla; she moved to the 2nd Flotilla for operations on 1 July 1941. She sank 29 ships, a total of {{GRT|143,748|disp=long}}, on ten patrols. DesignGerman Type IXC submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXBs. U-129 had a displacement of {{convert|1120|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|1232|t|LT}} while submerged.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}} The U-boat had a total length of {{convert|76.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a pressure hull length of {{convert|58.75|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|6.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a draught of {{convert|4.70|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of {{convert|4400|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of {{convert|1000|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two {{convert|1.92|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to {{convert|230|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}} The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|18.3|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.3|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|63|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|13450|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. U-129 was fitted with six {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one {{convert|10.5|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a {{convert|3.7|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} SK C/30 as well as a {{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}} Service historyShe made the short journey from Kiel, arriving in Horten Naval Base in Norway on 24 July 1941. 1st, 2nd and 3rd patrolsThe boat's first patrol involved her departure from Horten, crossing the North Sea and entering the Atlantic Ocean by passing close to the Faroe Islands on the Icelandic side. She arrived at Lorient (where she would be based for most of her career), in occupied France on 30 August 1941. Her second sortie saw her cross the Bay of Biscay to a point north of the Azores. Her third patrol was further south, as far south as a similar latitude to Rio de Janeiro, but success continued to elude her. 4th patrolThings improved dramatically when as part of Operation Drumbeat,[1] she attacked Nordvangen on 20 February; this ship sank in one minute northeast of Trinidad. Staying in the West Indies / northern South America region, she sank another six vessels. 5th and 6th patrolsThe submarine returned to her sunshine haunts; included in the toll was Hardwicke Grange, which was sunk with torpedoes and the deck gun north of Puerto Rico on 12 June 1942. She also sank Millinrocket on 17 June off La Isabela, Cuba and a ship from the Soviet Union, Tuapse, in the Gulf of Mexico on 4 July. Her sixth patrol included the sinking of Trafalgar about {{convert|1100|nmi|abbr=on}} northeast of Guadeloupe on 16 October 1942 and West Kebar some {{convert|350|nmi|abbr=on}} northeast of Barbados. 7th, 8th and 9th patrolsPatrol number seven saw ships such as the {{MV|Melbourne Star|1936|2}} and Panam consigned to the deep. On the return journey U129 was refuelling from the 'milk cow' supply submarine {{GS|U-459||2}} when two men were swept overboard. One was recovered fairly swiftly but the other could not be found.[2] Her eighth patrol was west of the Canary Islands and produced no results. U-129{{'}}s ninth patrol was divided into two; she departed Lorient on 9 October 1943, but put into Saint-Nazaire on the 11th. A day later she headed for the US east coast, sinking Libertad on 4 December off North Carolina. 10th patrolThe boat began her last operation which at 111 days, was her longest, on 22 March 1944. Steaming south, she encountered Anadyr about {{convert|600|nmi|abbr=on}} south southeast of Recife in Brazil and sank her. FateThe boat was taken out of service at Lorient 4 July 1944; she was scuttled on 18 August. She was raised and broken up in 1946. Summary of raiding history
References1. ^Gannon, Michael Operation Drumbeat – the dramatic true story of Germany's first U-boat attacks along the American coast in World War II, 1990, Harper and Row, {{ISBN|0-06-016155-8}}, pp. 129, 489 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/patrols/patrol_3850.html |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |title=Patrol info for U-129 |website=U-boat patrols - uboat.net}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/successes/u129.html |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |title=Ships hit by U-129 |website=WWII U-boat Successes - uboat.net |accessdate=9 July 2012}} Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
|last1=Busch |first1=Rainer |last2=Röll |first2=Hans-Joachim |title=Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 |trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945 |work=Der U-Boot-Krieg |volume=IV |publisher=Mittler |location=Hamburg; Berlin; Bonn |year=1999 |isbn=3-8132-0514-2 |language=German |ref=harv }}
|last1=Gröner |first1=Erich |author-link1= |author-mask1= |last2=Jung |first2=Dieter |display-authors= |last-author-amp= |last3=Maass |first3=Martin |translator-last1=Thomas |translator-first1=Keith |translator-last2=Magowan |translator-first2=Rachel |year=1991 |title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels |volume=2 |work=German Warships 1815–1945 |location=London |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |isbn=0-85177-593-4 |ref=CITEREFGr.C3.B6ner1991 }}{{Refend}} External links
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u129.htm |title=The Type IXC boat U-129 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=7 December 2014 }}
|url=http://www.u-boot-archiv.de/dieboote/u0129.html |title=U 129 |last=Hofmann |first=Markus |website=Deutsche U-Boote 1935-1945 - u-boot-archiv.de |language=German |accessdate=7 December 2014 }}{{German Type IXC submarines}}{{August 1944 shipwrecks}}{{Subject bar | portal1=Military of Germany | portal2=Submarine | portal3=World War II }}{{coord|10.000|N|35.583|W|display=title|source:frwiki}}{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2014}}{{DEFAULTSORT:U0129}} 6 : World War II submarines of Germany|1941 ships|Ships built in Bremen (state)|German Type IX submarines|U-boats commissioned in 1941|Maritime incidents in August 1944 |
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