| 词条 | German submarine U-130 (1941) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
German submarine U-130 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was laid down at the DeSchiMAG AG Weser yard, Bremen as yard number 993 on 20 August 1940, launched on 14 March 1941 and commissioned on 11 June. Her service life began with training in the 4th U-boat Flotilla; she moved to the 2nd Flotilla for more training on 1 September 1941 and operations with the same organization on 1 December. She sank 21 ships, a total of {{GRT|127,608}} and three auxiliary warships totalling {{GRT|34,407|link=off}} in six patrols. She also damaged one ship of {{GRT|6,986|link=off}}. She was a member of three wolfpacks. DesignGerman Type IXC submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXBs. U-131 had a displacement of {{convert|1120|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|1232|t|LT}} while submerged.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}} The U-boat had a total length of {{convert|76.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a pressure hull length of {{convert|58.75|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|6.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a draught of {{convert|4.70|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of {{convert|4400|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of {{convert|1000|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two {{convert|1.92|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to {{convert|230|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}} The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|18.3|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.3|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|63|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|13450|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. U-131 was fitted with six {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one {{convert|10.5|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a {{convert|3.7|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} SK C/30 as well as a {{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}} Service history1st and 2nd patrolsThe boat's operational debut was her departure from Kiel on 1 December 1941. Crossing the North Sea, she entered the Atlantic Ocean via the gap between the Faroe and the Shetland Islands. She sank Kurdistan northwest of Northern Ireland on the 10th before docking at Lorient in occupied France on the 16th. U-130 would use this port for the rest of her career. The Kurdistan survivors were picked up by {{HMS|Kingcup|K33|6}} and landed at Derry. The submarine was unsuccessfully attacked by an aircraft on 12 January 1942 in the Cabot Strait, between Nova Scotia and Newfoundland on her second patrol. She then sank two ships on the 13th east of Nova Scotia. She was almost sunk by two Canadian destroyers on the 18th, but the winter weather played a part, hampering both sides. The U-boat moved south, to warmer waters. 3rd, 4th and 5th patrolsU-130{{'}}s third patrol was marked by using her deck gun in conjunction with her torpedoes in the western north Atlantic and the eastern Caribbean when she sank Grenanger on 11 April 1942 and Esso Boston a day later. The boat's fourth sortie also brought success, this time near the Cape Verde islands. Among others, she sank Tankexpress, Elmwood and Danmark, all in July 1942. She tried to impede the landings for Operation Torch, the invasion of North Africa, when she sank three troop transports at anchor off Morocco on 12 November 1942. They were {{USS|Tasker H. Bliss|AP-42|6}}, {{USS|Edward Rutledge|AP-52|2}} and {{USS|Hugh L. Scott|AP-43|2}}. The boat then headed off into the Atlantic, north of the Azores. 6th patrol and lossHer last patrol was not without success; she sank Trefusis, Fidra, {{SS|Empire Tower||2}} and Ger-y-Bryn, all on 5 March 1943. She was sunk on 12 March 1943 by depth charges from the American destroyer {{USS|Champlin|DD-601|6}} west of the Azores. 53 men died. There were no survivors. WolfpacksU-130 took part in three wolfpacks, namely.
Summary of raiding history
ReferencesNotes1. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/successes/u130.html |title=Ships hit by U-130 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=11 July 2012}} 2. ^Merchant ship tonnages are in gross register tons. Military vessels are listed by tons displacement. Citations{{reflist|30em}}Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
|last1=Busch |first1=Rainer |last2=Röll |first2=Hans-Joachim |title=Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 |trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945 |work=Der U-Boot-Krieg |volume=IV |publisher=Mittler |location=Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn |year=1999 |isbn=3-8132-0514-2 |language=German |ref=harv }}
|last1=Gröner |first1=Erich |author-link1= |author-mask1= |last2=Jung |first2=Dieter |display-authors= |last-author-amp= |last3=Maass |first3=Martin |translator-last1=Thomas |translator-first1=Keith |translator-last2=Magowan |translator-first2=Rachel |year=1991 |title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels |volume=2 |work=German Warships 1815–1945 |location=London |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |isbn=0-85177-593-4 |ref=CITEREFGr.C3.B6ner1991 }}
|last=Kemp |first=Paul |title=U-Boats Destroyed - German Submarine Losses in the World Wars |location=London |year=1999 |publisher=Arms & Armour |isbn=1-85409-515-3 |ref=harv }}{{Refend}} External links
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u130.htm |title=The Type IXC boat U-130 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=7 December 2014 }}
|url=http://www.u-boot-archiv.de/dieboote/u0130.html |title=U 130 |last=Hofmann |first=Markus |website=Deutsche U-Boote 1935-1945 - u-boot-archiv.de |language=German |accessdate=7 December 2014 }}{{German Type IXC submarines}}{{March 1943 shipwrecks}}{{Subject bar | portal1=Military of Germany | portal2=Submarine | portal3=World War II }}{{coord|10|00|0|N|35|58|3|W|display=title|source:frwiki}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2013}}{{DEFAULTSORT:U0130}} 10 : World War II submarines of Germany|1941 ships|Ships built in Bremen (state)|German Type IX submarines|U-boats commissioned in 1941|U-boats sunk in 1943|U-boats sunk by depth charges|U-boats sunk by US warships|World War II shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean|Maritime incidents in March 1943 |
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