| 词条 | German submarine U-279 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
German submarine U-279 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 31 March 1942 at the Bremer Vulkan yard at Bremen-Vegesack as yard number 44. She was launched on 16 December 1942 and commissioned on 3 February 1943 under the command of Kapitänleutnant Otto Franke.[1] DesignGerman Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-279 had a displacement of {{convert|769|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|871|t|LT}} while submerged.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} She had a total length of {{convert|67.10|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a pressure hull length of {{convert|50.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|6.20|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a draught of {{convert|4.74|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of {{convert|2800 to 3200|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while surfaced, two AEG GU 460/8–27 double-acting electric motors producing a total of {{convert|750|PS|kW shp}} for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two {{convert|1.23|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to {{convert|230|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|17.7|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.6|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|80|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|8500|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. U-279 was fitted with five {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one {{convert|8.8|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and two twin {{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} Service historyU-279 served with the 8th U-boat Flotilla for training from February to July 1943 and operationally with the 9th flotilla from 1 August 1943.[1] She carried out one patrol, but sank no ships. She was a member of one wolfpack. Patrol and lossThe boat departed Kiel on 4 September 1943. She entered the Atlantic Ocean after negotiating the gap between Iceland and the Faroe Islands. She was sunk exactly a month after her departure (4 October), by depth charges dropped from a US Ventura aircraft southwest of Iceland.{{sfn|Kemp|1999|pp=147-8}} There were men in boats and in the water, but the Ventura could not call for assistance. Its radio had been put out of commission during the attack.[3][4] Forty-eight men died; there were no survivors. WolfpacksU-279 took part in one wolfpack, namely.
Previously recorded fateThe submarine was initially categorized as having been sunk by a British Liberator southwest of Iceland on 4 October 1943. References1. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/u279.html |title=The Type VIIC boat U-279 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=5 August 2012}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/patrols/u279.html |title=War Patrols by German U-boat U-279 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=5 August 2012}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/u279.htm |title=The Type VIIC boat U-279 - German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=26 December 2014}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.u-boot-archiv.de/dieboote/u0276.html|title=U 279|last=Hofmann|first=Markus|website=Deutsche U-Boote 1935-1945 - u-boot-archiv.de|language=German|accessdate=26 December 2014}} Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
|last1=Busch |first1=Rainer |last2=Röll |first2=Hans-Joachim |title=Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 |trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945 |work=Der U-Boot-Krieg |volume=IV |publisher=Mittler |location=Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn |year=1999 |isbn=3-8132-0514-2 |language=German |ref=harv }}
|last1=Gröner |first1=Erich |author-link1= |author-mask1= |last2=Jung |first2=Dieter |display-authors= |last-author-amp= |last3=Maass |first3=Martin |translator-last1=Thomas |translator-first1=Keith |translator-last2=Magowan |translator-first2=Rachel |year=1991 |title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels |volume=2 |work=German Warships 1815–1945 |location=London |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |isbn=0-85177-593-4 |ref=CITEREFGr.C3.B6ner1991 }}
|last=Kemp |first=Paul |title=U-Boats Destroyed - German Submarine Losses in the World Wars |location=London |year=1999 |publisher=Arms & Armour |isbn=1-85409-515-3 |ref=harv }}{{Refend}} External links
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u279.html |title=The Type VIIC boat U-279 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=26 December 2014 }}
|url=http://www.u-boot-archiv.de/dieboote/u0279.html |title=U 279 |last=Hofmann |first=Markus |website=Deutsche U-Boote 1935-1945 - u-boot-archiv.de |language=German |accessdate=26 December 2014 }}{{German Type VII submarines}}{{October 1943 shipwrecks}}{{Subject bar | portal1=Military of Germany | portal2=Submarine | portal3=World War II }}{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2012}}{{coord|60|40|N|26|30|W|display=title}}{{DEFAULTSORT:U0279}} 11 : German Type VIIC submarines|U-boats commissioned in 1943|U-boats sunk in 1943|U-boats sunk by US aircraft|World War II submarines of Germany|World War II shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean|1943 ships|Ships built in Bremen (state)|U-boats sunk by depth charges|Ships lost with all hands|Maritime incidents in October 1943 |
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