| 词条 | German submarine U-295 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
German submarine U-295 was a Type VIIC/41 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was laid down on 31 December 1942 by the Bremer Vulkan Werft (yard) at Bremen-Vegesack as yard number 60, launched on 13 September 1943 and commissioned on 20 October with Kapitänleutnant Günther Wieboldt in command. In six patrols, she damaged one warship. She surrendered at Loch Eriboll in Scotland in May 1945 and was sunk as part of Operation Deadlight in December. DesignGerman Type VIIC/41 submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-295 had a displacement of {{convert|759|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|860|t|LT}} while submerged.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} She had a total length of {{convert|67.10|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a pressure hull length of {{convert|50.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|6.20|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a draught of {{convert|4.74|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of {{convert|2800 to 3200|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while surfaced, two AEG GU 460/8–27 double-acting electric motors producing a total of {{convert|750|PS|kW shp}} for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two {{convert|1.23|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to {{convert|230|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|17.7|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.6|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|80|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|8500|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. U-295 was fitted with five {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one {{convert|8.8|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/35 naval gun, (220 rounds), one {{convert|3.7|cm|in|abbr=on}} Flak M42 and two {{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} Service historyThe boat's service life began with training with the 8th U-boat Flotilla in October 1943. She was then transferred to the 9th flotilla for operations on 1 August 1944. She was reassigned to the 13th flotilla on 1 October and moved again to the 14th flotilla on 1 April 1945. 1st and 2nd patrolsU-295{{'}}s first patrol was uneventful. She then embarked on a series of short journeys between Bergen, Kristiansand, Stavanger and Trondheim. Her second foray, between Trondheim and Harstad was the most successful. She damaged the British frigate {{HMS|Mounsey}} east northeast of Murmansk on 2 November 1944. 3rd and 4th patrolsThe submarine's third sortie took her into the Barents and Norwegian Seas. She returned to Harstad on 18 December 1944. Her fourth patrol started in Harstad and finished in Narvik. She had spent three days off Murmansk, to no avail. 5th patrolHer fifth effort was just as barren, even though it was longer. 6th patrol and fateThe boat departed Narvik on 15 April 1945. Her route took her once again to the Barents Sea. She returned to the Nordic port on 7 May. She was then moved to Skjomenfjord on 12 May 1945 and in accordance with the surrender terms, she was transferred to Loch Eriboll in northern Scotland for Operation Deadlight on the 19th. She was sunk on 17 December by the guns of ORP Blysawica.[2] Summary of raiding history
See also
References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/u295.htm |title=The Type VIIC/41 boat U-295 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=11 August 2012}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.u-boot-archiv.de/dieboote/u0295.html|title=U 295|last=Hofmann|first=Markus|website=Deutsche U-Boote 1935-1945 - u-boot-archiv.de|language=German|accessdate=1 February 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/successes/u295.html |title=Ships hit by U-295 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=29 December 2014}} Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
|last1=Busch |first1=Rainer |last2=Röll |first2=Hans-Joachim |title=Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 |trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945 |work=Der U-Boot-Krieg |volume=IV |publisher=Mittler |location=Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn |year=1999 |isbn=3-8132-0514-2 |language=German |ref=harv }}
|last1=Gröner |first1=Erich |author-link1= |author-mask1= |last2=Jung |first2=Dieter |display-authors= |last-author-amp= |last3=Maass |first3=Martin |translator-last1=Thomas |translator-first1=Keith |translator-last2=Magowan |translator-first2=Rachel |year=1991 |title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels |volume=2 |work=German Warships 1815–1945 |location=London |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |isbn=0-85177-593-4 |ref=CITEREFGr.C3.B6ner1991 }}{{Refend}} External links
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u295.htm |title=The Type VII/C41 boat U-295 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=6 December 2014 }}
|url=http://www.u-boot-archiv.de/dieboote/u0295.html |title=U 295 |last=Hofmann |first=Markus |website=Deutsche U-Boote 1935-1945 - u-boot-archiv.de |language=German |accessdate=2014-12-06 }}{{German Type VII submarines}}{{December 1945 shipwrecks}}{{Subject bar | portal1=Military of Germany | portal2=Submarine | portal3=World War II }}{{use dmy dates|date=December 2014}}{{DEFAULTSORT:U0295}} 9 : German Type VIIC/41 submarines|U-boats commissioned in 1943|1943 ships|World War II submarines of Germany|Ships built in Bremen (state)|Operation Deadlight|U-boats sunk in 1945|U-boats sunk by Polish warships|Maritime incidents in December 1945 |
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