“German submarine U-318”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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German submarine U-318

释义

Design
Service history
Fate
See also
References
Bibliography
External links

{{Infobox ship image

Ship image=

Ship caption=
}}{{Infobox ship career

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Ship country=Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany|naval}}

Ship name=U-318

Ship ordered=14 October 1942

Ship builder=Flender Werke, Lübeck

Ship yard number=318

Ship laid down=14 October 1942

Ship launched=25 September 1943

Ship commissioned=13 November 1943

Ship homeport=

Ship motto=

Ship nickname=

Ship fate=Surrendered, May 1945; sunk December 1945 as part of Operation Deadlight

Ship notes=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics

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Header caption=

Ship class=Type VIIC/41 submarine

Ship displacement=

{{convert|759|t|LT|0}} surfaced
{{convert|860|t|LT|0|abbr=on}} submerged

Ship length=

{{convert|67.10|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a
{{convert|50.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull

Ship beam=

{{convert|6.20|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a
{{convert|4.70|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull

9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

4.74|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

Ship power=

{{convert|2800|–|3200|PS|kW bhp|abbr=on}} (diesels)
{{convert|750|PS|kW shp|abbr=on}} (electric)

Ship propulsion=

2 shafts
2 × diesel engines
2 × electric motors

Ship speed=

{{convert|17.7|kn}} surfaced
{{convert|7.6|kn}} submerged

Ship range=

{{convert|8,500|nmi|abbr=on|lk=on}} at {{convert|10|kn}} surfaced
{{convert|80|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn}} submerged

Ship test depth=

{{convert|250|m|ft|abbr=on}}
Crush depth: {{convert|275|–|325|m|ft|abbr=on}}

Ship complement=4 officers, 40–56 enlisted

Ship sensors=

Ship EW=

Ship armament=

5 × {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (four bow, one stern)
14 × torpedoes
1 × {{convert|8.8|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} deck gun (220 rounds)
1 × {{convert|3.7|cm|in|abbr=on}} Flak M42 AA gun
2 × {{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30 AA guns

Ship notes=
}}{{Service record

is_ship=yes

label=Service record^[1]^[2]

partof=

4th U-boat Flotilla
13 November – 31 July 1943
11th U-boat Flotilla
1 August 1943 – 4 November 1944
13th U-boat Flotilla
5 November 1944 – 28 February 1945
14th U-boat Flotilla
1 March – 8 May 1945

codes=

commanders=

Oblt.z.S. Josef Will
13 November 1943 – 8 May 1945

operations=

1st patrol:
a. 31–31 October 1944
b. 31 October – 9 November 1944
2nd patrol: 18 November – 19 December 1944
3rd patrol: 7–10 January 1945
4th patrol:
a. 1–2 February 1945
b. 3 February – 6 March 1945
5th patrol: 14–24 March 1945
6th patrol: 1–10 May 1945

victories=None
}}

German submarine U-318 was a Type VIIC/41 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The submarine was laid down on 14 October 1942 by the Flender Werke yard at Lübeck as yard number 318, launched on 25 September 1943, and commissioned on 13 November under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Josef Will.

She served with the 4th U-boat Flotilla for training, the 11th U-boat Flotilla from 1 August 1943 to 4 November 1944, the 13th flotilla from 5 November 1944 to 28 February 1945 and the 14th flotilla from 1 March to 8 May 1945 for operations.

She completed six patrols, but did not sink any ships.

She was a member of two wolfpacks.

The boat surrendered at Narvik in Norway in May 1945. She was sunk in December as part of Operation Deadlight.

Design

German Type VIIC/41 submarines were preceded by the heavier Type VIIC submarines. U-318 had a displacement of {{convert|759|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|860|t|LT}} while submerged.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} She had a total length of {{convert|67.10|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a pressure hull length of {{convert|50.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|6.20|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a draught of {{convert|4.74|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of {{convert|2800 to 3200|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while surfaced, two Garbe, Lahmeyer & Co. RP 137/c double-acting electric motors producing a total of {{convert|750|PS|kW shp}} for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two {{convert|1.23|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to {{convert|230|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}}

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|17.7|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.6|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|80|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|8500|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. U-318 was fitted with five {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one {{convert|8.8|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/35 naval gun, (220 rounds), one {{convert|3.7|cm|in|abbr=on}} Flak M42 and two {{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}}

Service history

Her patrols used a variety of bases in Norway: e.g. Egersund, Bergen, Kristiansand, Arendal, Trondheim, Bogenbucht, Kilbotn, Harstad and Narvik, but none of them was longer than 32 days.

Fate

At the end of World War II, she surrendered at Narvik on 10 May 1945. She was moved to Skjomenfjord, then Loch Eriboll in Scotland, arriving there on 19 May. She was moved again to Loch Ryan for Operation Deadlight and sunk on 21 December north of Northern Ireland.

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/u318.htm |title=The Type VIIC/41 boat U-318 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=18 August 2012}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/patrols/u318.html |title=War Patrols by German U-boat U-318 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=18 August 2012}}

Bibliography

{{cite book

|last1=Gröner
|first1=Erich
|author-link1=
|author-mask1=
|last2=Jung
|first2=Dieter
|display-authors=
|last-author-amp=
|last3=Maass
|first3=Martin
|translator-last1=Thomas
|translator-first1=Keith
|translator-last2=Magowan
|translator-first2=Rachel
|year=1991
|title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels
|volume=2
|work=German Warships 1815–1945
|location=London
|publisher=Conway Maritime Press
|isbn=0-85177-593-4
|ref=CITEREFGr.C3.B6ner1991
}}

{{cite book | last1 = Busch | first1 = Rainer | last2 = Röll | first2 = Hans-Joachim | translator-last = Brooks | translator-first = Geoffrey | title = German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary | publisher = Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press | location = London, Annapolis, Md | year = 1999 | isbn = 1-55750-186-6 | ref = harv}}
{{cite book

|last1=Busch
|first1=Rainer
|last2=Röll
|first2=Hans-Joachim
|title=Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945
|trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945
|work=Der U-Boot-Krieg
|volume=IV
|publisher=Mittler
|location=Hamburg; Berlin; Bonn
|year=1999
|isbn=3-8132-0514-2
|language=German
|ref=harv
}}{{Refend}}

External links

{{Cite web

|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u318.htm
|title=The Type VII/C41 boat U-318
|last=Helgason
|first=Guðmundur
|website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net
|accessdate=6 December 2014
}}

{{cite web

|url=http://www.u-boot-archiv.de/dieboote/u0318.html
|title=U 318
|last=Hofmann
|first=Markus
|website=Deutsche U-Boote 1935-1945 - u-boot-archiv.de
|language=German
|accessdate=2014-12-06
}}{{German Type VII submarines}}{{December 1945 shipwrecks}}{{Subject bar
| portal1=Military of Germany
| portal2=Submarine
| portal3=World War II
}}{{use dmy dates|date=December 2014}}{{coord|55.7833|N|8.5000|W|source:wikidata|display=title}}{{DEFAULTSORT:U0318}}

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