“German submarine U-548”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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German submarine U-548

释义

Design
Service history
1st patrol 2nd and 3rd patrols 4th patrol and loss
Summary of raiding history
References
Notes Citations
Bibliography
External links

{{Infobox ship image

Ship image=

Ship caption=
}}{{Infobox ship career

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Ship country=Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany|naval}}

Ship name=U-548

Ship ordered=5 June 1941

Ship builder=Deutsche Werft, Hamburg

Ship yard number=369

Ship laid down=4 September 1942

Ship launched=14 April 1943

Ship commissioned=30 June 1943

Ship homeport=

Ship motto=

Ship nickname=

Ship fate=Sunk, April 1945 by depth charges from American warships southeast of Halifax, Nova Scotia

Ship notes=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics

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Header caption=

Ship class=Type IXC/40 submarine

Ship displacement=

{{convert|1144|t|LT|abbr=on}} surfaced
{{convert|1257|t|LT|abbr=on}} submerged

Ship length=

{{convert|76.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a
{{convert|58.75|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull

Ship beam=

{{convert|6.86|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a
{{convert|4.44|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull

9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

4.67|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

Ship power=

{{convert|4400|PS|kW bhp|abbr=on}} (diesels)
{{convert|1000|PS|kW shp|-1|abbr=on}} (electric)

Ship propulsion=

2 shafts
2 × diesel engines
2 × electric motors

Ship speed=

{{convert|18.3|kn}} surfaced
{{convert|7.3|kn}} submerged

Ship range=

{{convert|13,850|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn}} surfaced
{{convert|63|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn}} submerged

230|m|ft|abbr=on}}

Ship complement=4 officers, 44 enlisted

Ship armament=

6 × torpedo tubes (4 bow, 2 stern)
22 × {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedoes
1 × {{convert|10.5|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} SK C/32 deck gun (180 rounds)
1 × {{convert|3.7|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} SK C/30 AA gun
1 × twin 2 cm FlaK 30 AA guns

Ship notes=
}}{{Infobox service record

is_ship=yes

label=

partof=

4th U-boat Flotilla
30 June 1943 – 31 March 1944
2nd U-boat Flotilla
1 April – 30 September 1944
33rd U-boat Flotilla
1 October 1944 – 19 April 1945

codes=M 52 470

commanders=

Kptlt. Eberhard Zimmermann
30 June 1943 – 8 February 1945
Kptlt. Günther Pfeffer
August – November 1944
Oblt.z.S. Erich Krempl
9 February – 19 April 1945

operations=

1st patrol: 21 March – 24 June 1944
2nd patrol: 11 August – 25 September 1944
3rd patrol: 7–12 October 1944
4th patrol: 5 March – 19 April 1945

victories=One warship sunk, 1,445 tons
}}

German submarine U-548 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

She was laid down at the Deutsche Werft (yard) in Hamburg as yard number 369 on 4 September 1942, launched on 14 April 1943 and commissioned on 30 June with Kapitänleutnant Eberhard Zimmermann in command.

U-548 began her service career with training as part of the 4th U-boat Flotilla from 30 June 1943. She was re-assigned to the 2nd flotilla for operations on 1 April 1944, then the 33rd flotilla on 1 October.

She carried out four patrols and sank one ship.

She was sunk in April 1945 by depth charges from American warships southeast of Halifax, Nova Scotia.

Design

German Type IXC/40 submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXCs. U-548 had a displacement of {{convert|1144|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|1257|t|LT}} while submerged.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}} The U-boat had a total length of {{convert|76.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a pressure hull length of {{convert|58.75|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|6.86|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a draught of {{convert|4.67|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of {{convert|4400|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of {{convert|1000|shp|PS kW|-1}} for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two {{convert|1.92|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to {{convert|230|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}}

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|18.3|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.3|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|63|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|13850|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. U-548 was fitted with six {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one {{convert|10.5|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a {{convert|3.7|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} SK C/30 as well as a {{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}}

Service history

1st patrol

U-548{{'}}s first patrol began with her departure from Kiel on 21 March 1944. She passed through the gap separating Iceland and the Faroe Islands before heading out into the Atlantic Ocean. The boat was involved in a rather bizarre incident on the night of 3 May when a B-24 Liberator illuminated {{HMS|Hargood|K582|6}} east of Conception Bay, Newfoundland, thinking she was a U-boat. U-548 fired at the aircraft which in turn wrongly assumed they had been engaged by the ship. The real quarry aborted her attack and escaped.

The boat was the target of an unsuccessful hunt by Allied escorts after the sinking of {{HMCS|Valleyfield|K329|6}} on 7 May {{convert|50|nmi}} south of Cape Race, (Newfoundland).

She entered Lorient, on the French Atlantic coast, on 24 June 1944.

2nd and 3rd patrols

On her second foray, U-548 lost a man overboard, (Mechanikergefreiter (A) Walter Heise), during a crash-dive on 30 August 1944. Reversing the course of her first patrol, she arrived at Bergen in Norway, on 25 September.

Having moved to Hölen (southeast of Stavanger) in Norway, the boat began her third sortie on 7 October 1944. She docked at Flensburg on the 12th.

4th patrol and loss

By now, U-548 was based at Horten Naval Base (south of Oslo) also in Norway, from where she began her fourth and last patrol on 5 March 1945. She crossed the Atlantic once more and was sunk southeast of Halifax, Nova Scotia on 19 April by depth charges from the American destroyer escorts {{USS|Reuben James|DE-153|2}} and {{USS|Buckley|DE-51|2}}.

Fifty-eight men died with the U-boat; there were no survivors.

Summary of raiding history

Date	Name	Nationality	Tonnage^[1]	Fate^[2]
7 May 1944	HMCS Valleyfield	{{navy\|Canada\|1921}}	1,445	Sunk

References

Notes

1. ^Merchant ship tonnages are in gross register tons. Military vessels are listed by tons displacement.
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/successes/u548.html |title=Ships hit by U-548 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=30 January 2014}}

Citations

Bibliography

{{cite book | last1 = Busch | first1 = Rainer | last2 = Röll | first2 = Hans-Joachim | translator-last = Brooks | translator-first = Geoffrey | title = German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary | publisher = Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press | location = London, Annapolis, Md | year = 1999 | isbn = 1-55750-186-6 | ref = harv}}
{{cite book

|last1=Busch
|first1=Rainer
|last2=Röll
|first2=Hans-Joachim
|title=Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945
|trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945
|work=Der U-Boot-Krieg
|volume=IV
|publisher=Mittler
|location=Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn
|year=1999
|isbn=3-8132-0514-2
|language=German
|ref=harv
}}

{{cite book

|last1=Gröner
|first1=Erich
|author-link1=
|author-mask1=
|last2=Jung
|first2=Dieter
|display-authors=
|last-author-amp=
|last3=Maass
|first3=Martin
|translator-last1=Thomas
|translator-first1=Keith
|translator-last2=Magowan
|translator-first2=Rachel
|year=1991
|title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels
|volume=2
|work=German Warships 1815–1945
|location=London
|publisher=Conway Maritime Press
|isbn=0-85177-593-4
|ref=CITEREFGr.C3.B6ner1991
}}{{Refend}}

External links

{{Cite web

|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u548.htm
|title=The Type IXC/40 boat U-548
|last=Helgason
|first=Guðmundur
|website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net
|accessdate=7 December 2014
}}

{{cite web

|url=http://www.u-boot-archiv.de/dieboote/u0548.php
|title=U 548
|last=Hofmann
|first=Markus
|website=Deutsche U-Boote 1935-1945 - u-boot-archiv.de
|language=German
|accessdate=1 February 2015
}}{{German Type IXC/40 submarines}}{{April 1945 shipwrecks}}{{Subject bar
| portal1=Military of Germany
| portal2=Submarine
| portal3=World War II
}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2012}}{{coord missing|Atlantic Ocean}}{{DEFAULTSORT:U0548}}

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