| 词条 | German submarine U-711 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
German submarine U-711 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. Ordered 7 December 1940, she was laid down 31 July 1941 and launched 25 June 1942. She had a relatively brief career from 2 September 1942 till 1 April 1943 as part of a training flotilla, and then went on to active service from 1 April 1943 till 24 April 1943. During this time she was commanded by Oberleutnant zur See Hans-Günther Lange (who was awarded the Knights Cross). DesignGerman Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-711 had a displacement of {{convert|769|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|871|t|LT}} while submerged.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} She had a total length of {{convert|67.10|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a pressure hull length of {{convert|50.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|6.20|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a draught of {{convert|4.74|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of {{convert|2800 to 3200|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while surfaced, two AEG GU 460/8–27 double-acting electric motors producing a total of {{convert|750|PS|kW shp}} for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two {{convert|1.23|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to {{convert|230|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|17.7|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.6|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|80|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|8500|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. U-711 was fitted with five {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one {{convert|8.8|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and two twin {{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} Service historyDuring her active service career, U-711 sunk or damaged three ships, 1 ship sunk 10 GRT, 1 warship sunk, total tonnage 925 tons, one ship damaged, total tonnage 20 GRT. U-711 attacked and sank the British corvette {{HMS|Bluebell|K80|6}} on 17 February 1945. On 4 May 1945 the U-boat was sunk during the Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm Operation Judgement, which was actually aimed at the depot ships Black Watch and Senja lying at Kilbotn, south of Harstad, Norway. Bombs from Avenger aircraft, operating off {{HMS|Trumpeter|D09|6}} and {{HMS|Queen|D19|6}}, destroyed her, leaving 40 dead and 12 survivors. She sank after attempts by Hans-Günther Lange and ten other crew members to separate her from the Black Watch and to keep her afloat. The rest of the crew had already gone on board the Black Watch and were killed as she went down. Only a few hours earlier the captain had received the signal from Germany ordering all U-boats to cease attacks on allied shipping.[1] WolfpacksU-711 took part in nine wolfpacks, namely.
Summary of raiding history
ReferencesNotes1. ^Harald Isachsen (2009), Operation Judgement: Angrepet på < 2. ^Merchant ship tonnages are in gross register tons. Military vessels are listed by tons displacement. 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/successes/u711.html |title=Ships hit by U-711 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=10 February 2014}} Citations{{reflist}}Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
|last1=Busch |first1=Rainer |last2=Röll |first2=Hans-Joachim |title=Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 |trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945 |work=Der U-Boot-Krieg |volume=IV |publisher=Mittler |location=Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn |year=1999 |isbn=3-8132-0514-2 |language=German |ref=harv }}
|last1=Gröner |first1=Erich |author-link1= |author-mask1= |last2=Jung |first2=Dieter |display-authors= |last-author-amp= |last3=Maass |first3=Martin |translator-last1=Thomas |translator-first1=Keith |translator-last2=Magowan |translator-first2=Rachel |year=1991 |title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels |volume=2 |work=German Warships 1815–1945 |location=London |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |isbn=0-85177-593-4 |ref=CITEREFGr.C3.B6ner1991 }}{{Refend}} External links
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u711.html |title=The Type VIIC boat U-711 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=29 December 2014 }}
|url=http://www.u-boot-archiv.de/dieboote/u0711.php |title=U 711 |last=Hofmann |first=Markus |website=Deutsche U-Boote 1935-1945 - u-boot-archiv.de |language=German |accessdate=29 December 2014 }}{{German Type VII submarines}}{{May 1945 shipwrecks}}{{Subject bar | portal1=Military of Germany | portal2=Submarine | portal3=World War II }}{{use dmy dates|date=December 2014}}{{DEFAULTSORT:U0711}} 10 : German Type VIIC submarines|U-boats commissioned in 1942|1942 ships|U-boats sunk in 1945|World War II submarines of Germany|Ships built in Hamburg|U-boats sunk by British aircraft|U-boats sunk by depth charges|World War II shipwrecks in the Norwegian Sea|Maritime incidents in May 1945 |
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